Spartakiad
Spartakiad | |
---|---|
"The Red Sport International defends the Soviet Union": Poster of the 2nd International Spartakiad of the Red Sport International (Berlin, 1931) | |
Status | Defunct |
Genre | Multi-sport event |
Begins | 1928 |
Ends | 1937 |
Years active | 1928 | –1937
Organised by | Red Sport International |
The Spartakiad (or Spartakiade) was an international sports event that was sponsored by the Soviet Union.[1] Five international Spartakiades were held from 1928 to 1937. Later Spartakiads were organized as national sport events of the Eastern Bloc countries.[2] The games were organised by Red Sport International.
Background
The Soviet Union attempted to use Spartakiads to both oppose and supplement the Olympics.[3] (In Russian, there is a certain parallelism in the names: "Spartakiada" and "Olimpiada".) The name, derived from the name of the slave rebel leader, Spartacus,[4] was intended to symbolize proletarian internationalism. As a classical figure, Spartacus also stood directly in contrast to the aristocratic nature of the Ancient Olympic Games on which the modern "capitalist" Olympics were based. The first Winter Spartakiad was held in February 1928 in Oslo, and the first Summer Spartakiad was held in August 1928 in Moscow.
The first Spartakiads in the USSR took place in 1923 within formations of the
List of Spartakiads
- Summer
- Winter
- 1928 – Oslo
- 1936 – Oslo
After World War II
Soviet Union
In 1952, the Soviet Union decided to join the Olympic movement, and international Spartakiads ceased. However, the term continued to exist for internal sports events in the Soviet Union of different levels, from local up to the Spartakiad of the Peoples of the USSR (Russian: Спартакиада народов СССР, Spartakiada narodov SSSR[6]). The latter event was held twice in four years: Winter Spartakiad and Summer Spartakiad.
The first Soviet Spartakiad was held in 1956. According to the Great Soviet Encyclopedia, the number of participants in the 6th Summer Spartakiad of the Peoples of the USSR was 90 million people (twice the number of athletes in the USSR in that time), including 8,300
Czechoslovakia
The name Spartakiáda was also used for a
Albania
Six similar events were held in
Other
In 1984, the Soviet Union organised the Friendship Games, aimed at countries which boycotted the 1984 Summer Olympics.
See also
- Spartakiad of the Peoples of the USSR
- Spartakiad (Czechoslovakia)
- Red Sport International
- International Workers' Olympiads
- People's Olympiad (1936), a planned sport event in Barcelona organized by Republican Spain for their boycott of the 1936 Summer Olympics being held in Nazi Germany
- communist Romania
- National Games of China
- Vietnam National Games
- Olympic Games
- GANEFO
- International Army Games
- 2024 World Friendship Games
References
- ISBN 978-0-203-47658-1. Retrieved 6 March 2019.
- . Retrieved 6 March 2019.
- ^ Serious Fun: A History of Spectator Sports in the USSR Archived 16 June 2012 at the Wayback Machine. Robert Edelman , pg 149
- ^ a b Great Soviet Encyclopedia, 3rd edition, volume 24 (part 1), p. 286, Moscow, Sovetskaya Entsiklopediya publisher, 1976
- ^ a b c d Spartakiad at Great Soviet Encyclopedia
- ^ Ukrainian: Спартакіада народів СРСР; Lithuanian: TSRS tautų spartakiada; Latvian: PSRS tautu spartakiāda
- ^ "The Validity of Soviet Economic Statistics — Central Intelligence Agency". Archived from the original on 9 January 2008.
- Ministry of Communications of the USSRpublisher, Moscow, 1976.
- ^ Spartakiada (Praha-1985-Strahov) Sila,muznost,pripravenost, archived from the original on 22 December 2021, retrieved 21 May 2020
- ^ Rozhlas.cz – Jak vzniklo slovo „spartakiáda“
- ^ http://www.iliriadaportal.com/opinion-f34/lindja-zhdukja-dhe-rilindja-e-olimpizmit-shqiptar-t1669.htm[permanent dead link]
- ^ "Unofficial Site of Albanian Football since 1913: Republic Cup, Supercup, National Spartakiada and Under 18/19 Championships".
External links
- KÙPELE CENTRAL, Avant-garde film by Sabine Maier (MACHFELD) dealing on the Spartakiad.