Square du Temple
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|
The Paris Temple | |
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Medieval fortress | |
Site information | |
Condition | Demolished |
Site history | |
Built | mid-13th century |
Built by | Knights Templar |
Demolished | 1808 |
Events | French Revolution |
The Square du Temple is a
History
Knights Templar
The
The location of the towers is drawn on the ground in front of the Mairie de Paris Centre (town hall),[1] on the rue Eugène Speller . The heavy doors of the Grosse Tour still exist and are kept at Château de Vincennes, whose great keep, attributed to Raymond du Temple of Notre-Dame cathedral, is thought to have been inspired by the nearby Templar fortress.[2][clarification needed]
It was here in the enclos du Temple on the morning of Friday, the 13th of October, 1307 that agents of
French Revolution
The Temple is also known for having been the place where the
- Place de la Révolution;
- Queen of France, from 13 August 1792 to 1 August 1793 in the Temple's tower. She was then brought to the Conciergerie, from where she eventually was also taken to the guillotine;
- Madame Élisabeth, who stayed for 21 months at the tower before being taken on 9 May 1794 to the Conciergerie and guillotined the following day;
- Louis XVII, Dauphin of France, from 13 August 1792 until his death of tuberculosis at the tower on 8 June 1795, at the age of ten;
- Princess Marie-Thérèse, who stayed at the tower for three years and four months before being sent into exile.
Demolition
By 1808, the Temple had become a place of pilgrimage for royalists, so Napoleon ordered its demolition, which took two years. Remnants were demolished around 1860 under orders from Napoleon III.
Today
Today its location is a
The garden includes a gazebo, a playground for children, lawns with the largest open to the public from 15 April to 15 October, fountains and a pond with an artificial waterfall, built from rocks brought in from the forest of Fontainebleau. The grid surrounding the square was designed by the architect
In 2007, the square received the "ecological green spaces" awarded by ECOCERT, the international organic certification.
There are two statues. One represents the songwriter Pierre-Jean de Béranger, who lived on the nearby street which later took his name. This is the second statue of him; a first bronze statue, by Amédée Donatien Doublemard, was erected with a public subscription held in 1879 by the newspaper "La Chanson", and was destroyed in 1941. It was replaced in 1953 with the present stone statue, by Henri Lagriffoul.
Another statue, a bust on a pedestal, is dedicated: "To B. Wilhelm 1781-1842, founder of the French Orphéon " above a medallion portrait that bears the inscription "To Eugène Delaporte 1818-1886, propagator".
On 26 October 2007, a monument was inaugurated on the lawn of the main square of the Temple. It carries the names and ages of 85 "little ones who did not have time to attend school", Jewish children from 2 months to 6 years living in the 3rd arrondissement and deported between 1942 and 1944 and then murdered in
In literature
- In Aubrey-Maturin series, Capt. Jack Aubrey, Dr. Stephen Maturin and a young Lithuanian officer, Jagiello, are held prisoner at the Temple Prison in The Surgeon's Mate.
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Miniature from the Hours of Étienne Chevalier, with the Temple in the background
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Louis XVI at the Tour du Temple, by Jean-François Garneray(1755-1837).
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Marie Antoinette, in the Temple Tower, attributed to Kucharsky
References
- ^ "Google Maps".
- ISBN 2-84096-402-3.
- ISBN 978-2228919111.
- ISBN 2-84272-049-0.
External links
Media related to Temple (Paris) at Wikimedia Commons