Strigogyps

Strigogyps; Temporal range: Early Oligocene
	Strigogyps sapea fossil.
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Aves
Order:	Cariamiformes
Family:	Ameghinornithidae
Genus:	†Strigogyps; Gaillard, 1908
Type species
	Strigogyps dubius; Gaillard, 1908
Other species
	S. robustus (Lambrecht, 1935) (originally Eocathartes/Geiseloceros robustus); S. sapea (Peters, 1987) (originally Aenigmavis sapea);
Synonyms
	Aenigmavis Peters, 1987; Ameghinornis Mourer-Chauviré, 1981; Eocathartes Lambrecht, 1935; Geiseloceros Lambrecht, 1935;

Strigogyps is an

trumpeters. Unlike other Cariamiformes, which appear to have been mostly carnivorous, Strigogyps specimens suggest a herbivorous diet.^[1]

The type species of Strigogyps is S. dubius, which was described by Gaillard in 1908.

carpometacarpi, also from Quercy. In 1981, Mourer-Chauviré redescribed S. minor as Ameghinornis minor, the only member of the new phorusrhacid subfamily, Ameghinornithinae.^[3] Ameghinornis was later placed in its own family, Ameghinornithidae. In 1987, Peters named another monospecific genus of ameghinornithid, Aenigmavis sapea, based on a nearly complete skeleton from the Middle Eocene Messel pit of Germany.^[4] Mayr (2005) found Aenigmavis to be a species of Strigogyps, S. sapea, and found Ameghinornis to be synonymous with S. dubius, as they both came from Quercy, and are almost identical except for coracoids and carpometacarpi of Ameghinornis, which Mayr found to be unlike other ameghinornithids, and probably from an idiornithid.^[5]

In 1935, Lambrecht described a new

Geisel Valley of Germany. Each was based on a single specimen, and they were found very close together.^[6] Mayr (2007) found them to be synonymous and a species of Strigogyps, S. robustus.^[7]

Recent studies (Alvarenga and Höfling 2003, Mayr 2005) have found Strigogyps to be a more basal member of Cariamae, and not particularly close to the phorusrhachids.

monophyletic Gruiformes.^[9]

Fragmentary remains from the

Palaeocene and/or Eocene of England and North America

have also been suggested to be phorusrhachids, but, like Strigogyps, they probably are not.

References

^ Gerald Mayr, Exceptionally preserved plant parenchyma in the digestive tract indicates a herbivorous diet in the Middle Eocene bird Strigogyps sapea (Ameghinornithidae)
^ Gaillard, C. (1908). Les oiseaux des Phosphorites du Quercy. - Annales del'Université de Lyon (Nouvelle Série) 23: 1-178.
^ Mourer-Chauviré, C. 1981. Première indication de la présence de Phorusrhacidés, famille d'oiseaux géants d'Amérique du Sud, dans le Tertaire européen: Ameghinornis nov. gen. (Aves, Ralliformes) des Phosphorites du Quercy, France. Géobios 14, 637-647.
^ Peters, Dieter Stefan (1987): Ein "Phorusrhacidae" aus dem Mittel-Eozän von Messel (Aves: Gruiformes: Cariamae). Documents des Laboratoires de Géologie de Lyon 99: 71-87. [Article in German]
^ ^a ^b Mayr, Gerald (2005): "Old World phorusrhacids" (Aves, Phorusrhacidae): a new look at Strigogyps ("Aenigmavis") sapea (Peters 1987). PaleoBios (Berkeley) 25(1): 11-16 HTML abstract
^ Lambrecht, K . (1935). Drei neue Vogelformen aus dem Lutétian des Geiseltales. - Nova Acta Leopoldina, Neue Folge 3: 361 - 367.
^ Mayr, Gerald (2007). Synonymy and actual affinities of the putative Middle Eocene "New World vulture" Eocathartes Lambrecht, 1935 and "hornbill" Geiseloceros Lambrecht, 1935 (Aves, Ameghinornithidae). Paläontologische Zeitschrift 81, 457-462.[1]
^ Alvarenga, Herculano M. F. & Höfling, Elizabeth (2003): Systematic revision of the Phorusrhacidae (Aves: Ralliformes). Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia 43(4): 55-91 PDF fulltext
^ Mayr, G. 2002. A new specimen of Salmila robusta (Aves: Gruiformes: Salmilidae n. fam.) from the Middle Eocene of Messel. Paleontologische Zeitschrift 76(2/2): 305-316.

Peters, Dieter Stefan (2007): The fossil family Ameghinornithidae (Mourer-Chauviré 1981): a short synopsis. Journal of Ornithology 148(1): 25–28.
doi:10.1007/s10336-006-0095-z PDF fulltext

External links

Tetrapod Zoology blog post on Strigogyps

[1] Gerald Mayr, Exceptionally preserved plant parenchyma in the digestive tract indicates a herbivorous diet in the Middle Eocene bird Strigogyps sapea (Ameghinornithidae)

[2] Gaillard, C. (1908). Les oiseaux des Phosphorites du Quercy. - Annales del'Université de Lyon (Nouvelle Série) 23: 1-178.

[3] Mourer-Chauviré, C. 1981. Première indication de la présence de Phorusrhacidés, famille d'oiseaux géants d'Amérique du Sud, dans le Tertaire européen: Ameghinornis nov. gen. (Aves, Ralliformes) des Phosphorites du Quercy, France. Géobios 14, 637-647.

[4] Peters, Dieter Stefan (1987): Ein "Phorusrhacidae" aus dem Mittel-Eozän von Messel (Aves: Gruiformes: Cariamae). Documents des Laboratoires de Géologie de Lyon 99: 71-87. [Article in German]

[Mayr_2005-5] Mayr, Gerald (2005): "Old World phorusrhacids" (Aves, Phorusrhacidae): a new look at Strigogyps ("Aenigmavis") sapea (Peters 1987). PaleoBios (Berkeley) 25(1): 11-16 HTML abstract

[6] Lambrecht, K . (1935). Drei neue Vogelformen aus dem Lutétian des Geiseltales. - Nova Acta Leopoldina, Neue Folge 3: 361 - 367.

[7] Mayr, Gerald (2007). Synonymy and actual affinities of the putative Middle Eocene "New World vulture" Eocathartes Lambrecht, 1935 and "hornbill" Geiseloceros Lambrecht, 1935 (Aves, Ameghinornithidae). Paläontologische Zeitschrift 81, 457-462.[1]

[8] Alvarenga, Herculano M. F. & Höfling, Elizabeth (2003): Systematic revision of the Phorusrhacidae (Aves: Ralliformes). Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia 43(4): 55-91 PDF fulltext

[9] Mayr, G. 2002. A new specimen of Salmila robusta (Aves: Gruiformes: Salmilidae n. fam.) from the Middle Eocene of Messel. Paleontologische Zeitschrift 76(2/2): 305-316.

[1]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[9]

See also

References

External links