Strike Hard Campaign Against Violent Terrorism
This article needs to be updated.(January 2019) |
Strike Hard Against Violent Terrorism | |
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Native name | 严厉打击暴力恐怖活动专项行动 |
Location | Xinjiang Province, China |
Date | Beginning 2014 23rd May 2014 – Present |
Target | Ethnic Uyghurs, "separatists", violent extremists |
Attack type | Political repression, mass arrests, incarcerations and extrajudicial detention/surveillance, |
Victims | 14,000 (Initial arrests) 1 million + (Forced detention) |
Perpetrators | Chinese Communist Party, Ministry of Public Security |
Motive | Stability maintenance, maintenance of Chinese Communist Party control over Xinjiang region, suppression of ethnic minority independence |
Strike Hard Campaign Against Violent Terrorism | |
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Hanyu Pinyin | yánlì dǎjí bàolì kǒngbù huódòng zhuānxiàng xíngdòng |
Part of a series on |
Uyghurs |
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Uyghurs outside of Xinjiang |
In May 2014, the
Different "Strike Hard" campaigns had been mounted by regional authorities in the 1990s.[3]
Background
In April 2010, after the July 2009 Ürümqi riots, Zhang Chunxian replaced the former CCP chief Wang Lequan, who had been behind religious policies in Xinjiang for 14 years.[4] Zhang Chunxian continued Wang's policy and even strengthened them. In 2011, Zhang proposed "modern culture leads the development in Xinjiang" as his policy statement. In 2012, he first mentioned the phrase "de-extremification" (Chinese: 去极端化) campaigns. Under General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party Xi Jinping, the Chinese government began scaling up its military presence in the region and introducing more stringent restrictions on Uyghur civil liberties.
Campaign
In response to growing tensions between
Criticism
China has received criticism for its mass detention of members of the Muslim Uyghur community from some countries as well as human rights observers. James A Millward, a scholar who has researched Xinjiang for three decades, declared that the "state repression in Xinjiang has never been as severe as it has become since early 2017".
Chinese government response
Chinese leader Xi Jinping stated in May 2014 that "practice has proved that our party's ruling strategy in Xinjiang is correct and must be maintained in the long run".[12]
In November 2018, a UN panel condemned China's "deteriorating" human rights record in Tibet and Xinjiang. The Chinese government replied saying that such international condemnation was "politically motivated". Vice foreign minister Le Yucheng responded, "We will not accept the politically driven accusations from a few countries that are fraught with biases, with total disregard for facts. No country shall dictate the definition of democracy and human rights."[13] China has defended the strike-hard campaign as lawful, asserting that the country is a victim of terrorism, and that Uyghur men are motivated by global jihadi ideology rather than driven by grievances at home. The Chinese government denies the internment camps are for the purposes of re-education.[13]
See also
References
- ISSN 1547-1330. Retrieved 16 Apr 2021.
- (PDF) from the original on 2019-04-27. Retrieved 2019-08-18.
- ^ Chestnut Greitens, Sheena; Lee, Myunghee; Yazici, Emir (2020). "Counterterrorism and preventive repression: China's changing strategy in Xinjiang" (PDF). International Security. pp. 9–47.
- ^ Wines, Michael (11 July 2009). "Wang Lequan Is China's Strongman in Controlling Uighurs". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 2019-07-06. Retrieved 2018-12-02.
- ^ "China Steps Up 'Strike Hard' Campaign in Xinjiang". Radio Free Asia. Archived from the original on 2018-12-03. Retrieved 2018-12-02.
- S2CID 149053452.
- ^ Greer, Tanner. "48 Ways to Get Sent to a Chinese Concentration Camp". Foreign Policy. Archived from the original on 2018-12-05. Retrieved 2018-12-02.
- ^ "Top China official urges 'reform through education' for Xinjiang prisoners". Reuters. Archived from the original on 2018-12-05. Retrieved 2023-01-30.
- ^ Millward, James A. (3 February 2018). "What It's Like to Live in a Surveillance State". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 2018-12-06. Retrieved 2018-12-02.
- ^ Kuo, Lily (September 11, 2018). "US considers sanctions on China over treatment of Uighurs". The Guardian. Archived from the original on December 8, 2018. Retrieved December 4, 2018.
- ^ Vanderklippe, Nathan (September 27, 2018). "Trudeau, Freeland face criticism for failing to condemn China over Uyghur detentions". The Globe and Mail. Archived from the original on October 15, 2018. Retrieved December 4, 2018.
- ^ Wong, Edward (30 May 2014). "China Moves to Calm Restive Xinjiang Region". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 11 May 2019. Retrieved 11 May 2019.
- ^ a b Kuo, Lily (2018-11-06). "China says UN criticism of human rights record is 'politically driven'". the Guardian. Archived from the original on 2019-01-05. Retrieved 2018-12-02.