Strzelce Krajeńskie

Coordinates: 52°52′32″N 15°31′55″E / 52.87556°N 15.53194°E / 52.87556; 15.53194
Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Strzelce Krajeńskie
Our Lady of the Rosary church in Strzelce Krajeńskie
Our Lady of the Rosary church in Strzelce Krajeńskie
UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code
66-500
Vehicle registrationFSD
National roads
Websitehttp://www.strzelce.pl

Strzelce Krajeńskie [ˈstʂɛlt͡sɛ kraˈjɛɲskʲɛ] (German: Friedeberg in der Neumark) is a town in western Poland, in the Lubusz Voivodeship. It is the capital of the Strzelce-Drezdenko County. The town's population is 9,950 (2019).

History

Medieval defensive walls and Mill Gate in 1950

The territory formed part of Poland since its establishment in the 10th century under the Piast dynasty. Following the fragmentation of Poland it was part of the Duchy of Greater Poland. In 1254, Margrave Conrad of Brandenburg-Stendal received the Santok castellany from Duke Przemysł I of Greater Poland as a dowry when he married his daughter. In a strategically favorable location, east of the town of Landsberg (Gorzów Wielkopolski), Conrad built a castle in the just acquired Polish village. In 1269, the village came under German municipal law. The castle was destroyed by Przemysł I in 1272. The event was mentioned in the 13th-century Wielkopolska Chronicle, with Strzelce spelled Strzelci in Old Polish.[2] Before 1286, the Margrave gave the newly created town Magdeburg rights under the name Friedeberg, probably derived from the Friedeberg family from the Saalkreis, who were part of his entourage. Friedeberg was laid out within a circular fortification with a chessboard-like plan and settled with immigrants from the area of the lower Saale and the Harz foreland in Germany.

In 1319, the town passed to the

Luxembourg dynasty. In 1402, the Luxembourgs reached an agreement with Poland in Kraków, under which Poland was to buy and reincorporate the town and surrounding region,[3] but eventually the Luxembourgs sold the town to the Teutonic Order. The Teutonic Order did little to develop it, and during the Polish–Teutonic War of 1431–1435, the Hussites destroyed the town in 1433. During the Thirty Years' War in 1637, imperial troops burned it down. At the end of the war, the population had fallen to a fifth of the pre-war level. In 1717, Friedeberg became a Prussian garrison town, which resulted in an economic boom. In the 18th century, it benefited directly from the drainage program for the Noteć river, which was initiated by Frederick the Great in 1770. The location of Friedeberg on a military road led to a prolonged occupation by the Russians during the Seven Years' War. Marching armies also ravaged the area during the Napoleonic Wars
.

With the Prussian administrative reorganization, Friedeberg became the capital of the

Grenzmark Posen-West Prussia was dissolved in 1938, the Friedeberg district became part of the Province of Pomerania
.

During World War II, the Germans operated a forced labour subcamp of the Stalag II-D prisoner-of-war camp for Allied POWs in the town.[5] Towards the end of the war, the Red Army took Friedeberg almost without a fight on January 29, 1945, and deliberately burned around 80% of the town. In spring 1945, the town became again part of Poland under its historic Polish name Strzelce, and in 1946 the adjective Krajeńskie was added to distinguish it from other settlement of the same name. Ukrainians and Lemkos from the Beskids were also forcibly resettled in the region in 1947 as part of Operation Vistula.

Sights

Among the preserved historic architecture of the city are:

  • the medieval town walls with the Gothic Mill Gate (Brama Młyńska) and Prison Tower (Baszta Więzienna)
  • the late Gothic Our Lady of the Rosary church
  • an old granary from 1764
  • old townhouses, including timber-framed houses
  • Medieval town walls
    Medieval town walls
  • Mill Gate (Brama Młyńska)
    Mill Gate (Brama Młyńska)
  • Old granary from 1764
    Old granary from 1764

Demographics

Historical population
YearPop.±%
18715,800—    
18806,381+10.0%
18906,431+0.8%
19006,056−5.8%
19105,460−9.8%
YearPop.±%
19255,374−1.6%
19395,918+10.1%
19502,679−54.7%
19604,338+61.9%
201010,188+134.9%
Source: [6][7]

Sports

The local football club is Łucznik Strzelce Krajeńskie [pl]. It competes in the lower leagues.

The Polish Cyclo-cross Championships were held in Strzelce Krajeńskie in 1984, 1994, 2004 and 2019.

Notable people

Twin towns – sister cities

See twin towns of Gmina Strzelce Krajeńskie.

References

  1. ^ "Population. Size and structure and vital statistics in Poland by territorial division in 2019. As of 30th June". stat.gov.pl. Statistics Poland. 2019-10-15. Retrieved 2020-03-27.
  2. ^ Monumenta Poloniae Historica. Pomniki dziejowe Polski. Tom III (in Latin). Lwów: Akademia Umiejętności w Krakowie. 1878. p. 38.
  3. ^ Rogalski, Leon (1846). Dzieje Krzyżaków oraz ich stosunki z Polską, Litwą i Prussami, poprzedzone rysem dziejów wojen krzyżowych. Tom II (in Polish). Warszawa. pp. 59–60.
  4. ^ Umiński, Janusz (1998). "Losy internowanych na Pomorzu żołnierzy powstania listopadowego". Jantarowe Szlaki (in Polish). No. 4 (250). p. 16.
  5. ^ Aniszewska, Jolanta (2011). "W obowiązku pamięci... Stalag II D i formy upamiętnienia jeńców wojennych w Stargardzie Szczecińskim". Łambinowicki rocznik muzealny (in Polish). 34. Opole: 21.
  6. ^ Dokumentacja Geograficzna (in Polish). Vol. 3/4. Warszawa: Instytut Geografii Polskiej Akademii Nauk. 1967. p. 49.
  7. ^ Stan i struktura ludności oraz ruch naturalny w przekroju terytorialnym w 2010 r. (PDF) (in Polish). Warszawa: Główny Urząd Statystyczny. 2011. p. 60. Archived from the original (PDF) on 13 November 2011.

External links

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