Talbot

Talbot

Product type	Automobile
Owner	Stellantis
Country	UK
Introduced	1903
Discontinued	1995; 29 years ago (1995)
Markets	Europe
Previous owners	Clément-Talbot (1903–19) Darracq (1919–35) Rootes Group (1938–67) Chrysler Europe (1967–78) PSA Group (1978–2021)

Talbot is a dormant

In the mid-1930s, with the collapse of STD Motors, Rootes bought the London Talbot factory and Antonio Lago bought the Paris Talbot factory, Lago producing vehicles under the marques Talbot and Talbot-Lago. Rootes renamed Clément-Talbot Sunbeam-Talbot in 1938, and stopped using the brand name Talbot in the mid-1950s. The Paris factory closed a few years later.

Ownership of the marque – which through a convoluted series of takeovers saw it exist in two different forms by both the

The rights to the Talbot marque are presently owned by Groupe PSA's successor, Stellantis.

Talbot London

Clément-Talbot was founded in 1903. The first products were cars that were London-assembled mechanical components of French Clément-Bayard cars but the French components were soon replaced by British parts. The brand-name was reduced to Talbot after the first year.

STD Motors

In December 1919,

Clément-Talbot continued to be known for the design and quality of its products and it remained profitable during the depression. Clément-Talbot was bought by Rootes Group and later renamed Sunbeam-Talbot. Then Sunbeam alone twenty years after that.

Talbot Paris under STD Motors

In 1920, Suresnes products were branded Talbot-Darracq but the word Darracq was dropped in 1922. If exported to England Paris-made Talbots were rebadged Darracq or Talbot-Darracq

Dragged down by the 1924 borrowing to pay for the Sunbeam racing programme, STD Motors and Automobiles Talbot France suffered a financial collapse in late 1934.

Talbot London under the Rootes brothers

Following the financial collapse of its parent, STD Motors, Clément-Talbot remained financially sound with readily marketable products. Clément-Talbot was bought by Rootes Securities and continued to manufacture the same catalogue of vehicles quietly introducing components from Hillman and Humber cars. As the genuine Talbot parts bins emptied, a modified Hillman Aero Minx was introduced to the production line and given the Talbot brand name.

In 1938, this Talbot Ten and its stable mates were badged Sunbeam-Talbot and owner, Clément-Talbot's, name changed to fit.

Talbot Paris under Antonio Lago

Following the financial collapse of STD Motors and Paris's Automobiles Talbot, Antonio Lago, the Suresnes' manager, arranged a management buyout of the French operation.

Antonio Lago involved Talbot in sports car and Grand Prix racing as well as producing high quality luxury cars. In the postwar world of austerity the French government introduced punitive annual taxation on cars with engines larger than 2.6-litres and Talbot sales were severely restricted. Lago continued the Talbot business until 1958 when the factory doors were closed.

The dormant Talbot marque was sold to

Chrysler Europe struggled to enter profitability for much of its existence, and had relied on government support to ensure its survival. With mounting pressure on its core North American business, the decision was taken by Chrysler's then CEO Lee Iacocca to offload the ailing European operations. The French Government persuaded both Renault and PSA Peugeot Citroën to bid for the company; as it was keen to keep Simca in domestic ownership.

In August 1978, PSA negotiated a deal with Chrysler to acquire Chrysler Europe for a nominal $1. Although PSA took responsibility for Chrysler Europe's considerable debts and liabilities, the move was a strategic one; acquiring Simca would remove a strong domestic competitor in the French market while gaining access to that company's expertise in small front wheel drive cars; while at the same time the old Rootes operations would give the company a stronger foothold in the United Kingdom – France's biggest export market where both Peugeot and Citroën lagged behind arch rival Renault. PSA formally took control of the old Chrysler Europe on 1 January 1979. To lead the new group, former British Leyland executive George Turnbull (who had just completed his secondment at Hyundai), was appointed as the managing director of the UK arm.

The Peugeot takeover saw the end of the Rootes'

In 1981, Peugeot began producing the Talbot Tagora, a boxy four-door saloon marketed as a rival to the Ford Granada and to the Vauxhall Carlton/Opel Rekord. But as sales were insufficient in both Britain and France, production ceased in 1983 after only 19,389 units were manufactured.

At the end of 1984, the Alpine hatchback and its related Solara saloon were re-badged Minx and Rapier, depending upon specification rather than body shape. The new names were inherited from the Rootes Group; Rootes had previously produced the Hillman Minx and Sunbeam Rapier. The new versions were produced until 1986. Former Rootes names are still revived occasionally; in 1982, there was a Talbot Solara "Sceptre" model, the name being inherited from the Humber Sceptre which was produced between 1963 and 1976.

Decline and Demise

In the UK, the Chrysler and Talbot marques had gained nearly 120,000 sales in 1979, only outsold by Ford and British Leyland. However, it then went into decline, not helped by the recession in the early 1980s, or by a lack of new models being launched. By 1985, however, after years of losses, PSA Peugeot Citroën began to question its three-brand strategy. The Talbot Tagora model failed in the marketplace; the Samba was essentially a decade-old design thanks to its Peugeot 104 parentage, whilst the ageing 1510/Alpine/Solara models overlapped with both the Citroën BX and forthcoming Peugeot 405.

At the eleventh hour, the decision was made to release the forthcoming Horizon replacement as the Peugeot 309 instead of Talbot Arizona. It was a controversial decision, because the British arm of the company believed there was greater brand loyalty to Talbot in the UK, with its historical connection to the Rootes Group. However, the decision to concentrate on the Peugeot brand prevailed, and the 309 became the first of a long line of British-built Peugeot models to be assembled at the Ryton plant. Partly because they were perceived as "British" (despite most of their content actually being imported from PSA's French factories), the 309 and the subsequent 405, 306 and 206 models were very successful in the UK market, and regularly featured among the country's top ten best-selling cars.

Around 1984, PSA had also considered launching a replacement for the Talbot Samba based on the platform of the

The Talbot Express van (along with its identical sister vehicle the

Resurrection

In 2008, PSA considered reintroducing Talbot to the market, targeting low-budget buyers, as Renault did with its Dacia Logan. It was suggested that these could be models produced in China such as Talbot versions of the Citroën Elysée and of the Peugeot 206,^[6] but did not make a comeback as of 2012 because PSA introduced the second-generation Citroën C-Elysée and the Peugeot 301.

Somewhat ironically, the merger of

• 
  1903–1908^{[n2 1]}
• 
  1908–1919^{[n2 1]}
• 
  1919–1935^{[n2 1]}
• 
  1936–1959^{[n2 2]}
• 
  1938–1954^{[n2 3]}
• 
  1962–1977^{[n2 4]}
• 
  1977–1995^{[n2 5]}

Notes

Vehicles

Cars built under the "Talbot" brand (1967–1994)

Notes

Motorsport

Formula One

Talbot had two brief spells in

coming fourth in the 1981 championship with two wins.

World Rally Championship

Sunbeam Lotus

The Talbot factory team for the

manufacturers' world championship

, Talbot placed sixth.

In the

1986

.

Complete WRC results

Year	Car	Driver	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	WDC	Points	WCC	Points
1979	Talbot Sunbeam Lotus	Tony Pond	MON	SWE	POR	KEN	GRE	NZL	FIN	CAN	ITA 4	FRA	GBR Ret	CIV	22nd	10	14th	12
		Jean-Pierre Nicolas	MON	SWE	POR	KEN	GRE	NZL	FIN	CAN	ITA Ret	FRA Ret	GBR Ret	CIV	22nd	10
1980	Talbot Sunbeam Lotus	Guy Fréquelin	MON ?	SWE	POR 3	KEN	GRE	ARG	FIN	NZL	ITA 4	FRA Ret	GBR 3	CIV	8th	34	6th	49
		Henri Toivonen	MON	SWE	POR Ret	KEN	GRE	ARG	FIN Ret	NZL	ITA 5	FRA	GBR 1	CIV	10th	28
		Russell Brookes	MON	SWE	POR	KEN	GRE	ARG	FIN	NZL	ITA	FRA	GBR 4	CIV	25th	10
1981	Talbot Sunbeam Lotus	Guy Fréquelin	MON 2	SWE	POR 6	KEN	FRA 2	GRE 4	ARG 1	BRA 2	FIN	ITA Ret	CIV	GBR Ret	2nd	89	1st	117
		Henri Toivonen	MON 5	SWE	POR 2	KEN	FRA Ret	GRE Ret	ARG	BRA	FIN Ret	ITA 2	CIV	GBR Ret	7th	38
		Stig Blomqvist	MON	SWE	POR	KEN	FRA	GRE	ARG	BRA	FIN 8	ITA	CIV	GBR 3	13th	23
1982	Talbot Sunbeam Lotus	Guy Fréquelin	MON	SWE	POR	KEN	FRA	GRE	NZL	BRA	FIN	ITA	CIV	GBR 11	-	0	10th	24
		Stig Blomqvist	MON	SWE	POR	KEN	FRA	GRE	NZL	BRA	FIN	ITA	CIV	GBR 8	4th*	58*

World Sportscar Championship

The Talbot marque appeared in the motorsport for the last time as a part of the

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Clement-Talbot vehicles.

• English Heritage: Clement Talbot Car Factory / Ladbroke Grove National Aero-engine Factory, Ladbroke Hall
• The Sunbeam Talbot Darracq Register, additional details on the history of Talbot
• Talbot Owners' Club, a club for Talbot cars manufactured from 1903 up to the last Roesch-designed cars in 1937.