Territorial lord
 |
| Lord paramount / Territorial lord |
| Tenant-in-chief |
| Mesne lord |
|
Liege lord |
| Esquire / Gentleman / Landed gentry |
| Franklin / Yeoman / Retinue / Vavasour |
| Husbandman |
| Free tenant |
| Domestic servant |
| Vagabond |
|
Bordar / Cottar |
| Slave |
A territorial lord (
feudal law
.
In the Holy Roman Empire, the lords of the individual member states, the
imperial states or Reichsstände (excluding the Holy Roman Emperor), were the territorial lords of the regions ruled by them. During the High Middle Ages, the system was further expanded as the lords began reclaiming territories and this was done by granting vassals jurisdiction over the acquired lands.[3] It is also suggested that this development has led to the freedom of the peasants, since there were instances where they were granted freedom and, in practice, ownership of the land.[3]
Authority
The territorial lord usually had the rights of
coinage and jurisdiction over his domain. A prerequisite for being a territorial lord was the combination of property and estate ownership, as well as sovereignty, in one person as a unified legal concept. The lords' economic domination, particularly in the Western European territories, can be demonstrated in the way ownership of the mill was vested in their hand.[4] This ensured the dependence of the peasantry, since they were forced to grind their grains
in their lord's mill.
An account cited that a uniquely good phenomenon that resulted from the emergence of the territorial lords was the way they manifested claim to dominion, which was responsible for the thriving forests in Europe today.[5] Based on available forest history, these forests became a foundation of political power, and were thus not only subsumed within a territory but also protected rather than cleared.[5] This was significant because it protected the great forests from the increasing appetite for wood of the emergent mining industry, particularly in Germany.[5]
References
- ^ John G. Gagliardo, Reich and Nation, Indiana University Press, 1980, p. 4.
- ^ Joachim Whaley, Germany and the Holy Roman Empire, vol. I, p. 647.
- ^ ISBN 9780191086656.
- ISBN 9004147713.
- ^ ISBN 9780521851299.
| Authority control databases: National |
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