Tom Bell (politician)

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Thomas Hargrave Bell (20 September 1882 – 19 April 1944) was a

trade unionist. He is best remembered as a founding member of both the Socialist Labour Party and the Communist Party of Great Britain
and as the editor of Communist Review, the official monthly magazine of the latter.

Biography

Early years

Thomas Bell was born in

coal miners and worked at home spinning cotton and silk.[2] Young Tom enrolled in school in the spring of 1889 and left in the spring of 1894, at the age of 11,[3] going to work first as a milk delivery boy and then as an employee at a soft drink bottling plant to help support his impoverished family.[4]

While an employee at the bottling shop, Bell became interested in atheism and labour politics.[5] He read rationalist works by Ernst Haeckel and Thomas Huxley as well as works on evolution by Charles Darwin and gradually became acquainted with socialist ideas.[6] Together with two companions, Bell joined the Independent Labour Party (ILP) in 1900.[7]

The young "socialist idealist and enthusiast" Bell found the rather mild and ameliorative program of the ILP insufficient and in 1902 he began to attend economics classes conducted by the Social Democratic Federation (SDF), headed by Henry Hyndman, which introduced Bell to the literature of Marxism.[8] In February 1903, Bell left the ILP and enrolled as a member of the SDF.[9]

Some of the SDF classes which Bell attended were led by George Yates, an engineer by trade who impressed the young Bell with his skill as an orator and knowledge of economics, history, and politics.[10] In the spring of 1903, Bell would follow Yates and the group of revolutionary socialist impossiblists around him out of the SDF and join in the foundation of the Socialist Labour Party, a rival organization.[11]

Bell began a seven-year apprenticeship as an

Associated Ironmoulders of Scotland in August 1904.[12]

Committed to educating himself, he attended Andersonian College and the Academy of Literature, and soon lectured for the Plebs' League.

Political career

Bell joined the

Advocates of Industrial Unionism
.

Generally continuing to work in the metal trades, Bell briefly joined the

Singer Company to organise for the Industrial Workers of Great Britain
, but was sacked following the failure of a strike in 1911.

In 1916, Bell was elected to the

Workers Socialist Federation and other socialist groups, but their proposals were repudiated by the SLP. Resigning as Secretary, he helped found the Communist Unity Group, which became an original constituent of the Communist Party of Great Britain
(CPGB).

Employed by the CPGB, he was initially National Organiser. He then attended the

4th World Congress
, remaining in the city as a CPGB representative and reporter, until the end of 1922.

Bell held various posts within the party, including the editorship of Communist Review. In 1925, he was one of twelve CPGB leaders gaoled for seditious libel and incitement to mutiny, spending six months inside.

The next few years were spent between Britain and Russia. In 1930, Bell became the Secretary of the

Friends of the Soviet Union
, and in 1937 he wrote a history of the CPGB.

Death and legacy

Tom Bell died 19 April 1944 aged 61.

Footnotes

  1. ^ Thomas Bell, Pioneering Days. London: Lawrence and Wishart, 1941; pg. 13.
  2. ^ Bell, Pioneering Days, pp. 13-14.
  3. ^ Bell, Pioneering Days, pg. 17.
  4. ^ Bell, Pioneering Days, pp. 21-25.
  5. ^ Bell, Pioneering Days, pg. 26.
  6. ^ Bell, Pioneering Days, pg. 32.
  7. ^ Bell, Pioneering Days, pg. 33.
  8. ^ Bell, Pioneering Days, pp. 34-35.
  9. ^ Bell, Pioneering Days, pg. 35.
  10. ^ Bell, Pioneering Days, pg. 36.
  11. ^ Bell, Pioneering Days, pp. 39-40.
  12. ^ a b Bell, Pioneering Days, pp. 61-62.

Sources consulted

Further reading

External links

Party political offices
Preceded by Secretary of the Socialist Labour Party
1918 – 1919 		Succeeded by
Tom Mitchell
Preceded by
New position
 National Organiser of the Communist Party of Great Britain
1920 - 1921 		Succeeded by
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