Tracing paper

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A roll of yellow tracing paper.
Simulation of tracing paper transformation levels
Samples of tracing paper
Tracing paper roll

Tracing paper is paper made to have low

diazo copy process.[2]
It then found many other uses. The original use for drawing and tracing was largely superseded by technologies that do not require diazo copying or manual copying (by tracing) of drawings.

The transparency of tracing paper is achieved by careful selection of the raw materials and the process used to create transparency.

Cellulose fibre forms the basis of the paper, usually from wood species but also from cotton fibre. Often, paper contains other filler materials to enhance opacity and print quality. For tracing or translucent paper, it is necessary to remove any material which obstructs the transmission of light.[3]

Description

Tracing paper is paper made to have low

diazo copy process.[2]

When tracing paper is placed onto a

air trapped between fibers that makes paper opaque and look white.[3] If the fibers are refined and beaten until all the air is taken out, then the resulting sheet will be translucent. Translucent papers are dense and contain up to 10% moisture at 50% humidity
.

Production

Tracing paper is usually made from

fibres to a state of fine subdivision and hydrolysing
them by very prolonged beating in water.

There are three main processes to manufacture this type of paper, as follows:

  1. Through mechanical 'refining' of the cellulose fibre to create a fibre which is highly fibrillated and gelatinous, so that in forming the sheet of paper, virtually all air is excluded from the internal structure of the paper. This method produces a very translucent and even looking paper over a range of
    areal densities
    from 42 to over 280 g/m2.
  2. By making a 'normal' sheet of paper and then filling the spaces between the fibres with a material that has the same refractive index as the cellulose. This was a common process adopted in the USA. The product was frequently called Vellum, although this terminology can refer to a wider range of special papers. Due to the relatively high cost, this method of manufacture has largely disappeared.
  3. As with 2, by making a normal sheet of paper, which is followed by immersing uncut and unloaded paper of good
    stronger than the original paper. Tracing paper is resistant to oil, grease and to a large extent impervious to water and gas
    .

The

inkjet/offset printing
.

Tracing paper may be uncoated or coated.[further explanation needed] Natural tracing paper for laser printing is usually uncoated.

The HS code for tracing paper is 4806.30.[4]

Tracing paper can be recycled and also can be made from up to 30% recycled fibre.[5]

Technical specifications

  • Specifications of natural tracing paper:

The follows are common standards for tracing paper[citation needed] though generally it is manufactured in densities over 60 g/m2:

Substance Density Humidity Roughness Translucent Tensile
strength (mD)		 Surface
alkali pH
ISO 536
[6]
(g/m2)		 (kg/m3)
%
)		 ISO 8791-2[8]
(ml/min)		 ISO 2469[9]
(%)
mN
)		 ISO 6588
[11][12]
(pH)
42 1,200÷1,235 7 100-300 79+/-5 220-440 6-7
53 1,200÷1,235 7 100-300 77+/-5 220-440 6-7
63 1,220÷1,250 7 100-300 75+/-5 220-440 6-7
73 1,220÷1,250 7.5 100-300 75+/-5 220-440 6-7
83 1,220÷1,250 7.5 100-300 75+/-5 220-440 6-7
93 1,220÷1,250 7.5 100-300 75+/-5 220-440 6-7
100 1,220÷1,250 7.5 100-300 75+/-5 220-440 6-7
112 1,220÷1,250 8 100-300 73+/-5 220-440 6-7
130 1,220÷1,250 8 100-300 69+/-5 220-440 6-7
150 1,220÷1,250 8 100-300 65+/-5 220-440 6-7
160 1,220÷1,250 8 100-300 61+/-5 220-440 6-7
170 1,220÷1,250 8 100-300 59+/-5 220-440 6-7
190 1,220÷1,250 8 100-300 55+/-5 220-440 6-7
200 1,220÷1,250 8 100-300 53+/-5 220-440 6-7
240 1,220÷1,250 8 100-300 47+/-5 220-440 6-7
280 1,220÷1,250 8 100-300 45+/-5 220-440 6-7

Application

End products

Invitation square envelopes

See also

Schoellershammer multi color tracing paper
  • Inkjet paper
  • Colour tracing paper: Tracing paper also can be solid or marble coloured. In modern times, colour tracing paper is normally used for decoratively for special printing purposes such as for brochures, menus, and invitations
  • Parchment paper
  • Wax paper
  • Glassine paper
  • Red rosin paper

References

  1. ^ d'Andrea Cennini, Cennino (June 1, 1954). The Craftsman's Handbook "Il Libro dell' Arte" (2nd ed.). Dover Publications.
  2. ^ a b c Olcott Price, Lois (1995). "The History and Identification of Photo-Reproductive Processes Used for Architectural Drawings Prior to 1930" (PDF). Topics in Photographic Preservation. 6: 41–42.
  3. ^ a b How is paper made translucent (grease proof, tracing paper)? PaperOnWeb
  4. ^ "Paper and paperboard; articles of paper pulp, of paper or of paperboard". wcoomd.org.
  5. ^ "Frequently Asked Questions | Arjoqiggins Creative Papers". arjowiggins-tracingpapers.com.
  6. ^ "ISO 536:2012 – Paper and board -- Determination of grammage". iso.org.
  7. ^ "ISO 287:2009 – Paper and board -- Determination of moisture content of a lot -- Oven-drying method". iso.org.
  8. ^ "ISO 8791-2:2013 – Paper and board -- Determination of roughness/smoothness (air leak methods) -- Part 2: Bendtsen method". iso.org.
  9. ^ "ISO 2469:2014 – Paper, board and pulps -- Measurement of diffuse radiance factor (diffuse reflectance factor)". iso.org.
  10. ^ "ISO 1974:2012 – Paper -- Determination of tearing resistance -- Elmendorf method". iso.org.
  11. ^ "ISO 6588-1:2012 – Paper, board and pulps -- Determination of pH of aqueous extracts -- Part 1: Cold extraction". iso.org.
  12. ^ ISO 6588-2:2012 Paper, board and pulps -- Determination of pH of aqueous extracts -- Part 2: Hot extraction

External links

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