Tropidia (plant)
Crown orchids | |
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Tropidia curculigoides - the type species | |
Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Plantae |
Clade: | Tracheophytes |
Clade: | Angiosperms |
Clade: | Monocots |
Order: | Asparagales |
Family: | Orchidaceae |
Subfamily: | Epidendroideae |
Tribe: | Tropidieae |
Genus: | Tropidia Lindl.[1]
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Synonyms[1] | |
Tropidia, commonly known as crown orchids,[2] is a genus of about thirty species of evergreen terrestrial orchids in the family Orchidaceae. They have thin, wiry stems with two or more tough, pleated leaves with a flowering spike at the top of the stem, bearing crowded flowers. Species in this genus are distributed across the warmer parts of both the Eastern and Western Hemispheres.
Description
Orchids in the genus Tropidia are evergreen, terrestrial, sometimes mycotrophic herbs which form small clumps. They have thin, wiry stems, sometimes with a few branches. The stems have two or more thin, tough, pleated, lance-shaped to egg-shaped leaves. Crowded white, greenish or brown, sometimes resupinate flowers are arranged on the top of the stem and have the sepals and petals free from each other, or with the lateral sepals joined and surrounding the base of the labellum. The labellum is not lobed but has a pouch or spur at its base.[2][3][4][5]
Taxonomy and naming
The genus Tropidia was first formally described in 1833 by
Distribution and habitat
Species in the genus Tropidium grow in deep shade in evergreen
Species
The following is a list of species of Tropidia recognised by the World Checklist of Selected Plant Families as at October 2018:[1]
- Schltr.- New Guinea
- Lindl.) Blume- Guangxi, Taiwan, Tibet, Yunnan, Bhutan, India, Assam, Bangladesh, Java, Sumatra, Japan, Malaysia, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam
- Tropidia angustifolia C.L.Yeh & C.S.Leou - Taiwan
- Tropidia bambusifolia (Thwaites) Trimen - southern India, Sri Lanka, Andaman Islands
- Tropidia connata J.J.Wood & A.L.Lamb - Sabah
- Schltr.- New Guinea
- Lindl.- widespread across southern China, the Himalayas, the Andaman Islands, Indochina, much of Indonesia, New Guinea, New Caledonia, and the Northern Territory of Australia
- Schltr.- New Guinea, Solomons, Bismarcks
- Rchb.f.- Fiji, Samoa
- Tropidia emeishanica K.Y.Lang - Sichuan
- Hemsl.
- Schltr.- New Guinea
- Tropidia hegderaoi S.Misra
- J.J.Sm.- New Guinea
- Tropidia mindanaensis Ames - Mindanao
- Tropidia mindorensis Ames - Mindoro
- J.J.Sm.- Sumba
- Schltr.- New Guinea
- Tropidia namasiae C.K.Liao, T.P.Lin & M.S.Tang.
- Masam.- Japan, Taiwan, Ryukyu Islands
- Tropidia pedunculata Blume - widespread from the western Himalayas to New Guinea, including Indochina, Malaysia, Philippines and much of Indonesia
- Tropidia polystachya (Sw.) Ames - Florida, Mexico, Central America, West Indies (including Bahamas and Cayman Islands), Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador (including Galápagos)
- J.J.Sm.- New Guinea
- Kraenzl.- Maluku
- Tropidia robinsonii Ames - Luzon
- J.J.Sm.- Borneo
- J.J.Sm.- Maluku
- Rchb.f.- Philippines
- Schltr.- New Guinea
- Tropidia somae Hayata - Taiwan, Ryukyu Islands, possibly Philippines
- M.A.Clem.- Northern Territory of Australia
- J.J.Sm.- New Guinea
- Kraenzl.- Vanuatu, New Caledonia, Norfolk Island
References
- ^ a b c d "Tropidia". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
- ^ ISBN 1877069124.
- ^ a b Chen, Xinqi; Gale, Stephen W.; Cribb, Phillip J. "Tropidia". Flora of China. Archived from the original on 25 November 2020. Retrieved 5 November 2018.
- ^ a b c Ackerman, James D. "Tropidia". Flora of North America. Archived from the original on 26 January 2021. Retrieved 5 November 2018.
- ^ a b c D.L.Jones; T.Hopley; S.M.Duffy (2010). "Tropidia". Australian Tropical Rainforest Orchids. Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research (CANBR), Australian Government. Archived from the original on 3 June 2021. Retrieved 28 May 2021.
- ^ "Tropidia". APNI. Retrieved 5 November 2018.
- ^ Lindley, John (1833). "Sauroglossum elatum". Edwards's Botanic Register. 19: 1618. Archived from the original on 5 November 2018. Retrieved 5 November 2018.
- ^ Brown, Roland Wilbur (1956). The Composition of Scientific Words. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press. p. 661.
External links
- Media related to Tropidia at Wikimedia Commons
- Data related to Tropidia at Wikispecies
- US Department of Agriculture plants profile, Tropidia polystachya (Sw.) Ames young palm orchid
- IOSPE orchid photos, Tropidia curculigoides Lindl. 1828 Photo by Copyright © Rogier Van Vugt