UAZ
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UAZ or Ulyanovsky Avtomobilny Zavod (
UAZ is best known for the
History
War and postwar
The Ulyanovsk Automobile Plant was founded in 1941 as a direct result of the
In 1943, when the prospect of a German victory had become far less likely, it was decided the relocated plant would remain in Ulyanovsk and be separated administratively from ZIS, which would be rebuilt in Moscow from scratch. This was in line with the Soviet post-war policy regarding various relocated industrial operations. It was considered more efficient to leave the newly built plants as is, while the original plants, provided they survived the war were outfitted anew, frequently with captured German machinery. At the end of 1944, the production of the ZIS-5 was transferred to The
The connection with GAZ led UAZ to be the top Soviet manufacturer of four-wheel drive vehicles.[4]
Golden age
UAZ began its growth away from being a mere assembler in 1954, with the creation of its own design office.
In 1958, UAZ began production of the UAZ-450 series of trucks and vans. The first model was the UAZ-450A ambulance; with room for two stretchers and
A two-wheel drive variant of the UAZ-450 was announced on 12 December 1961, with the UAZ-450's 2,300 mm (91 in)
In 1966, the UAZ-451s were updated with a 70
In 1966, the four-wheel drives were renumbered UAZ-452 (van), UAZ-452D (pickup), UAZ-452V (minibus), UAZ-452A and UAZ-452G (both ambulances, with different patient capacities).[8] There was also the UAZ-452S ambulance, specially designed for Arctic conditions, with more heating capacity, double-glazed windows, and insulation; they proved able to keep a 30 °C interior temperature in −60 °C outside conditions.[9] The UAZ-452 was able to cross 50 cm (20 in) of snow and carry an 800 kg (1,800 lb) load.[10] The UAZ-452s would go on to become a workhorse of Soviet agriculture and police, with the pickup proving a popular commercial vehicle.[11] Export versions of the UAZ-452D were called Trekmaster when sold in Britain, but never in large numbers; there was also a version with a British-built dump body, the Tipmaster.[12]
The UAZ-451S was a snow-crossing variant with front skis and rear tracks; it was never produced in quantity, nor was the UAZ-451S2, which had tracks at front and rear.[12] The UAZ-452 also served as the basis for an articulated model, the UAZ-452P, that was never put into production.[10]
In 1972 the well-regarded, but outdated, GAZ-69 was replaced by the more modern
Later years
In the 1990s, following the dissolution of the Soviet Union, UAZ became a joint-stock company and soon received the Golden Globe and Golden Mercury Awards for a significant volume of sales and its contribution to the Russian economy.[15]
On 5 August 1997, the new UAZ-3160 went into production and received a gold medal at an international fair in Yekaterinburg. The car was used as the basis for the later Simbir and UAZ-3163.[15]
In March 2003, UAZ opened an assembly line in Vietnam. On 20 November, the company produced the last UAZ-31512 and the first UAZ Hunter.[15]
On 17 August 2005, the first UAZ Patriots rolled off the assembly line. They had new suspension, transmission and steering control and became the first brand new models of UAZ since the fall of the Soviet Union. The same year the assembly line had undergone a large-scale modernization. The company signed contracts with foreign suppliers and used a significant number of foreign components in its newest vehicles.[15]
In 2006, UAZ opened a new control and test section of the main assembly line and presented 4 new cars at the Moscow International Automobile Salon.[15]
In the following years UAZ introduced a number of additional options and improvements in its vehicles, such as the better heating and ventilation of the passenger compartment,
In 2012, the Patriot and the Pickup received a new engine, ZMZ Euro-4 with European on-board diagnostics, which became the first Russian diesel engine to meet the Euro-4 Standard published in 1998. 2013 was the banner year for UAZ, with export sales increasing by 37% since 2012. The next year the sales of the Patriot rose by 10%, and the company was visited by Premier Dmitry Medvedev.[15]
During a test drive in 2014, a UAZ Patriot crossed winter roads and frozen tundra of the Sakha Republic and reached one of the northernmost Russian ports at Tiksi, being the first car to cross the 73rd parallel north moving under its own power.[15]
In January 2015, the sales increased by 3%. A UAZ Patriot support vehicle took part in the
UAZ delisted from the Moscow Exchange in July 2015.[16]
In May 2023, Izvestia reported that UAZ would shortly launch knock down production of vehicles in Cuba, as a result of negotiations between Russian and Cuban enterprises.[17][18] Service centers for the repair and maintenance of these vehicles would also be set up in the country. The Cuban side of the delegation was reportedly the most interested in UAZ Profi delivery vehicles, as well as ambulances based on the UAZ Classic. The first batch of machine kits will go to Cuba in July–August 2023. UAZ further stated that vehicle production would increase by 2,000 units, as well as increase employee wages by 12%.[19]
In June 2023, UAZ announced plans to launch a limited anniversary edition of the UAZ Classic.[20][21]
Models
Current
Current lineup of UAZ vehicles:[22]
SUVs
- UAZ Hunter(UAZ-315195, 2003–present)
- UAZ Patriot (UAZ-3163, 2005–present)
- UAZ Pickup – pickup version
- UAZ Cargo – truck version
- UAZ Profi – truck version
-
UAZ Hunter(2003–present)
-
UAZ Patriot (2005–present)
Minibuses
- UAZ-452/UAZ-3741 (1965–present)
- UAZ-451 – truck version
- UAZ 452D/UAZ-3303 – truck version
-
UAZ-452/UAZ-3742 (1965–present)
Past models
SUVs
- UAZ-469/UAZ-3151 (1971–2005)
- UAZ-469B/UAZ-31512 – civilian version
- UAZ-31514 – metal roofed version
- UAZ-3153 – long wheelbase version
- UAZ-3160 (1997–1999)
- UAZ Simbir (UAZ-3162, 2000–2004)
- UAZ-2360 – truck version
-
UAZ-469/UAZ-3151 (1971–2005)
-
UAZ-3160 (1997–1999)
-
UAZ Simbir (2000–2004)
Minibuses
- UAZ-450 (1958–1965)
- UAZ-450D – truck version
-
UAZ-450 (1958–1965)
Prototypes
- UAZ-3907 Jaguar – amphibious car (1976)
- UAZ-3171 – SUV (1989)[23]
- UAZ Simba (UAZ-3165) – minivan (1999)
-
UAZ-3907 Jaguar (1976)
-
UAZ-3171 (1989)
-
UAZ Simba (1999)
See also
- TREKOL-39294 – A Russian six-wheeled amphibious all-terrain vehicle manufactured using UAZ and GAZ products
- Automobile model numbering system in USSR and Russia
References
- ^ a b c d e "Бухгалтерская отчётность". Retrieved 24 October 2018.
- ^ "UAZ". Sollers-auto.com. Archived from the original on 2 October 2017. Retrieved 27 May 2017.
- ^ "World Motor Vehicle Production" (PDF). OICA. Archived (PDF) from the original on 23 October 2017. Retrieved 22 October 2017.
- ^ a b c Thompson, Andy. Cars of the Soviet Union (Haynes Publishing, Somerset, UK, 2008), p. 71.
- ^ Thompson, pp.71–72.
- ^ a b c d e f g h Thompson, p. 72.
- ^ a b Thompson, p. 172.
- ^ a b c d e Thompson, p. 173.
- ^ Thompson, pp.173 & 175.
- ^ a b Thompson, p.175.
- ^ Thompson, p.175, support only the "commercial vehicle" claim.
- ^ a b Thompson, pp. 175–176.
- ^ Thompson, p.176.
- ^ Thompson, p.73 caption.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i "История". www.uaz.ru. Archived from the original on 2 January 2017. Retrieved 22 December 2016.
- ^ "BRIEF-UAZ announces delisting of shares from Moscow Exchange". Reuters. 16 July 2015. Archived from the original on 24 April 2017. Retrieved 23 April 2017.
- ^ ""УАЗы" будут собирать на Кубе". Известия (in Russian). 23 May 2023. Retrieved 16 July 2023.
- ^ "UAZ will arrange the assembly of cars in Cuba". eng.autostat.ru. Retrieved 16 July 2023.
- ^ "УАЗ планирует увеличить объем выпуска автомобилей". Известия (in Russian). 30 May 2023. Retrieved 16 July 2023.
- ^ "Anniversary special version of Bukhanka will appear in the autumn of 2023". eng.autostat.ru. Retrieved 16 July 2023.
- ^ "УАЗ отметит 65-летие "Буханки" выходом юбилейной версии". Известия (in Russian). 25 May 2023. Retrieved 16 July 2023.
- ^ "Vehicles". Uaz.ru. Archived from the original on 3 July 2017. Retrieved 11 July 2017.
- ^ "Autosoviet: UAZ". Archived from the original on 10 August 2015. Retrieved 1 July 2013.