Uinkaret volcanic field
| Uinkaret volcanic field | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Highest point | |
| Elevation | 1,555 m (5,102 ft)[1] |
| Coordinates | 36°23′N 113°08′W / 36.38°N 113.13°W |
| Geography | |
| Location | Mohave County, Arizona, US |
| Topo map | USGS Mount Logan |
| Geology | |
| Age of rock | 1.2 million years[2] |
| Mountain type | volcanic field |
| Last eruption | 1100 ± 75 years |
North Rim. On the right is Lava Falls, with Vulcan's Throne at the top, just above the brightly lit cliff face at top center. Vulcan's Throne is about 73,000 years old.[1] These are among the most recent features of the Grand Canyon. The topmost layers over which the lava flowed, the Kaibab Limestone, was deposited in Early Permian
time, around 290 million years ago.
The Uinkaret volcanic field is an area of monogenetic volcanoes in northwestern Arizona, United States, located on the north rim of the Grand Canyon.[2]
Lava flows from the Uinkaret volcanic field that have cascaded down into the Grand Canyon, damming the Colorado River, have been used to date the canyon's carving.[3] One of these cascades is today's Lava Falls. Lava Falls Rapid, below Lava Falls on the Colorado River, is "at all water levels, the most severe rapid in Grand Canyon."[4]
The Colorado River was dammed by lava flows multiple times from 725,000 to 100,000 years ago.[5] While some believe that these lava dams were stable, lasting up to 20,000 years and forming large reservoirs,[6] others think they failed quickly and catastrophically as massive floods.[7] Lava flows traveled downriver 76 miles (121 km) from river mile 178 to 254.[citation needed]
One lava flow, from Little Springs, south of
South Rim.[1]
Notable Vents
| Name | Elevation | Location | Last eruption | |
| meters | feet | Coordinates
| ||
| Mount Emma[8] | - | - | - | - |
| Little Springs[8] | - | - | - | 1050-1200 AD |
| Prospect Cone[8] | - | - | - | - |
| Mount Trumbull[8] | - | - | - | - |
| Vulcan's Forge[2] | - | - | - | - |
| Vulcan's Throne[1][2] | - | - | - | 73,000 years ago |
See also
References
- ^ a b c d "Uinkaret Field". Global Volcanism Program. Smithsonian Institution.
- ^ ISBN 0-521-43811-X.
- ^ "Grand Canyon National Park – Geologic Formations (U.S. National Park Service)". U.S. National Park Service. 2007-03-29. Retrieved 2007-05-24.
- ^ New Debris Flow at Lava Falls, at Grand Canyon River Guides. Accessed 5/26/09.
- ^ Karlstrom, K., Crow, R., Peters, L., McIntosh, W., Raucci, J., Crossey, L., and Umhoefer, P., 2007, 40Ar/39Ar and field studies of Quaternary basalts in Grand Canyon and model for carving Grand Canyon: Quantifying the interaction of river incision and normal faulting across the western edge of the Colorado Plateau: GSA Bulletin, v. 119, no. 11/12, pp. 1283–1312.
- ^ Hamblin, W.K., 1994, Late Cenozoic lava dams in the western Grand Canyon: Geological Society of America Memoir 183, 139 p.
- doi:10.1086/379694.
- ^ a b c d "Uinkaret Field: Synonyms and Subfeatures". Global Volcanism Program. Smithsonian Institution. Retrieved 2007-05-23.
External links
- Uinkaret Volcanic Field, Western Grand Canyon, Arizona at Volcano World
- Full-size version of image in infobox, NASA ASTER satellite image.
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