University of Michigan Herbarium

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The University of Michigan Herbarium is the herbarium of the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor, Michigan, in the United States. One of the most-extensive botanical collections in the world, the herbarium has some 1.7 million specimens of vascular plants, algae, bryophytes, fungi, and lichens, and is a valuable resource for teaching and research in biology and botany.^[1] The herbarium includes many rare and extinct species.^[1]

Administration

Formerly an independent unit of the

The Herbarium's collection was established in 1837.[1] Asa Gray was appointed Professor of Botany and Zoology in 1838.^[5] Collections were moved to the Main Building (later Mason Hall) in 1841.^[5] The first published research paper based on the university's botanical holdings came in 1877, when a paper by Professor Mark W. Harrington was published in the Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society.^[5][6]

In 1982, the museum marked its 60th anniversary; by that time, the herbarium had "grown from a modest collection of plants to become one of the largest university herbariums in the nations."[7]

Collections

Among the 1.7 million specimens held by the herbarium are:^[8]

• 96,000 specimens of algae – "includes much material from classical
  Friendly Islands," as well as "the former personal herbaria of W. R. Taylor and M. J. Wynne, the basis for much of their work on the systematics and floristics of seaweeds."^[8]
• 163,000 specimens of bryophytes – including many from W. C. Steere, R. Schuster, and H. Crum. "The best representation is from eastern North America, especially the Great Lakes area, but the collection has significant material from Europe, Japan, Central America, northern South America, and the West Indies. The holdings in Mexican mosses are especially rich." I. Schnooberger gave a singifcant give of 8,000 specimens of bryophytes of the Great lakes region in 1985.^[8]
• 280,000 specimens of fungi – A collection "extraordinarily strong in North American
  Urophlyctis as well as a microscope-slide collection of aquatic fungi, is also included."^[8] Phyllis Kempton, the well-known mycologist who studied Alaska mushrooms with her research partner Virginia Wells for nearly 45 years, bequeathed her huge collection to the Herbarium after her death in 2001.^[9]
• 57,000 specimens of lichens – "The prime importance of the lichen collection derives from the fact that it includes the herbarium of
  lichenologist of the time, Alexander Zahlbruckner. The lichen herbarium has a good representation from most parts of the United States and southern Canada and also from Puerto Rico and British Honduras. Michigan is well covered by the collections of J. Lowe, H. Imshaug, C. Wetmore, and R. Harris, and the Rocky Mountains by those of E. B. Mains, A. H. Smith, and H. Imshaug. Exchange has resulted in an abundance of European specimens, making the herbarium a good research and reference resource. About 10,000 specimens in the lichen collection have been studies by thin-layer chromatography, with the data obtained recorded on their packets."^[8]
• 1.1 million specimens of vascular plants – the herbarium's largest collection. "In
  southeastern Asia. Hawaii is exceptionally well represented, and coverage of continental United States is excellent, partly due to the acquisition of the American Fern Society herbarium; the North American collections of W. H. Wagner are another strength of the collection."^[8]