User:Skinsmoke/Sandbox/Civil parishes/Tyne and Wear
A
History
Parishes arose from Church of England divisions, and were originally purely ecclesiastical divisions. Over time they acquired civil administration powers.[1]
The Highways Act 1555 made parishes responsible for the upkeep of roads. Every adult inhabitant of the parish was obliged to work four days a year on the roads, providing their own tools, carts and horses; the work was overseen by an unpaid local appointee, the Surveyor of Highways.[2]
The poor were looked after by the
Parishes were run by vestries, meeting annually to appoint officials, and were generally identical to ecclesiastical parishes,[6] although some townships in large parishes administered the Poor Law themselves; under the Divided Parishes and Poor Law Amendment Act 1882, all extra-parochial areas and townships that levied a separate rate became independent civil parishes.[7]
Civil parishes in their modern sense date from the
The
The current position
Recent governments have encouraged the formation of town and parish councils in unparished areas, and the Local Government and Rating Act 1997 gave local residents the right to demand the creation of a new civil parish.[10]
A parish council can become a town council unilaterally, simply by resolution;
List of civil parishes and unparished areas
See also
References
- ISBN 978-0747804703
- ^ RAC Foundation : What Went Wrong? British Highway Development Before Motorways Retrieved 2009-08-22
- ^ The Victorian Web : The Poor Law : Introduction Retrieved 2009-08-22
- ^ Staffordshire University : Poor Law Unions and Registration Districts Retrieved 2009-08-22
- ^ A Vision of Britain Through Time : Status Details for Rural Sanitary District Retrieved 2009-08-22
- ISBN 9780198207184
- ^ a b Modern British Surnames : Selected Events in the History of Civil Registration and Boundary Changes 1801-1996 Retrieved 2009-08-22
- ^ Alex MacMorran and T R Colquhoun Dill, The Local Government Act 1894 and the Subsequent Statutes Affecting Parish Councils, 1907, Butterworth and Co, London, 626 pages
- ^ a b c d Office of Public Sector Information : Local Government Act 1972 Retrieved 2009-08-22
- ^ Office of Public Sector Information : Local Government and Rating Act 1997 Retrieved 2009-08-22
- ^ Office of Public Sector Information : Local Government and Public Involvement in Health Act 2007 Retrieved 2009-08-22
- ^ a b A Vision of Britain Through Time : Chester le Street Rural District Retrieved 2009-09-14
- ^ a b Office for National Statistics : Census 2001 : Parish Headcounts : Gateshead Retrieved 2009-09-14
- ^ Birtley Town Council : Annual Return 2005/06
- ^ A Vision of Britain Through Time : Blaydon Urban District Retrieved 2009-09-14
- ^ Office for National Statistics : Census 2001 : Table KS01 : Usual Resident Population Blaydon; Chopwell and Rowlands Gill; Crawcrook and Greenside (part); and Winlaton wards. Retrieved 2009-08-26
- ^ A Vision of Britain Through Time : Felling Urban District Retrieved 2009-09-24
- ^ Office for National Statistics : Census 2001 : Table KS01 : Usual Resident Population Felling; Leam; Pelaw and Heworth; and Wrekendyke wards. Retrieved 2009-08-26
- ^ A Vision of Britain Through Time : Gateshead County Borough Retrieved 2009-09-14
- ^ Office for National Statistics : Census 2001 : Table KS01 : Usual Resident Population Bede; Bensham; Chowdene; Deckham; High Fell; Lamesley (part); Low Fell; Saltwell; and Teams (part) wards. Retrieved 2009-08-26
- ^ A Vision of Britain Through Time : Ryton Urban District Retrieved 2009-09-14
- ^ Office for National Statistics : Census 2001 : Table KS01 : Usual Resident Population Crawcrook and Greenside (part); and Ryton wards. Retrieved 2009-08-26
- ^ A Vision of Britain Through Time : Whickham Urban District Retrieved 2009-09-14
- ^ Office for National Statistics : Census 2001 : Table KS01 : Usual Resident Population Dunston; Teams (part); Whickham North; and Whickham South wards. Retrieved 2009-08-26
- ^ a b A Vision of Britain Through Time : Newcastle upon Tyne County Borough Retrieved 2009-09-14
- ^ a b c d e f Office for National Statistics : Census 2001 : Parish Headcounts : Newcastle upon Tyne Retrieved 2009-09-14
- ^ a b c d e A Vision of Britain Through Time : Castle Ward Rural District Retrieved 2009-09-14
- ^ A Vision of Britain Through Time : Gosforth Urban District Retrieved 2009-09-14
- ^ Office for National Statistics : Census 2001 : Table KS01 : Usual Resident Population Grange; and South Gosforth wards. Retrieved 2009-08-26
- ^ A Vision of Britain Through Time : Newburn Urban District Retrieved 2009-09-14
- ^ Office for National Statistics : Census 2001 : Table KS01 : Usual Resident Population Denton; Lemington; Newburn; and Westerhope wards. Retrieved 2009-08-26
- ^ Office for National Statistics : Census 2001 : Table KS01 : Usual Resident Population Benwell; Blakelaw (part); Byker; Castle (part); Dene; Elswick; Fawdon; Fenham; Heaton; Jesmond; Kenton; Monkchester; Moorside; Sandyford; Scotswood; West City; Walker; Walkergate; and Wingrove wards. Retrieved 2009-08-26
- ^ A Vision of Britain Through Time : Seaton Valley Urban District Retrieved 2009-09-15
- ^ Office for National Statistics : Census 2001 : Table KS01 : Usual Resident Population Valley ward. Retrieved 2009-08-26
- ^ A Vision of Britain Through Time : Longbenton Urban District Retrieved 2009-09-15
- ^ Office for National Statistics : Census 2001 : Table KS01 : Usual Resident Population Benton; Camperdown; Holystone; Longbenton; and Weetslade wards. Retrieved 2009-08-26
- ^ A Vision of Britain Through Time : Tynemouth County Borough Retrieved 2009-09-15
- ^ Office for National Statistics : Census 2001 : Table KS01 : Usual Resident Population Chirton; Collingwood; Cullercoats; North Shields; Riverside (part); Seatonville (part); and Tynemouth wards. Retrieved 2009-08-26
- ^ A Vision of Britain Through Time : Wallsend Municipal Borough Retrieved 2009-09-15
- ^ Office for National Statistics : Census 2001 : Table KS01 : Usual Resident Population Battle Hill; Howdon; Northumberland; Riverside (part); and Wallsend wards. Retrieved 2009-08-26
- ^ A Vision of Britain Through Time : Whitley Bay Municipal Borough Retrieved 2009-09-15
- ^ Office for National Statistics : Census 2001 : Table KS01 : Usual Resident Population Monkseaton; Seatonville (part); St Mary's; and Whitley Bay wards. Retrieved 2009-08-26
- ^ A Vision of Britain Through Time : Boldon Urban District Retrieved 2009-09-15
- ^ Office for National Statistics : Census 2001 : Table KS01 : Usual Resident Population Biddick Hall; Boldon Colliery; Cleadon and East Boldon; Fellgate and Hedworth; Whitburn and Marsden (part); and Whiteleas wards. Retrieved 2009-08-26
- ^ A Vision of Britain Through Time : Hebburn Urban District Retrieved 2009-09-15
- ^ Office for National Statistics : Census 2001 : Table KS01 : Usual Resident Population Hebburn Quay; Hebburn South; Monkton (part); and Primrose (part) wards. Retrieved 2009-08-26
- ^ A Vision of Britain Through Time : Jarrow Municipal Borough Retrieved 2009-09-15
- ^ Office for National Statistics : Census 2001 : Table KS01 : Usual Resident Population Bede; Monkton (part); and Primrose (part) wards. Retrieved 2009-08-26
- ^ A Vision of Britain Through Time : South Shields County Borough Retrieved 2009-09-15
- ^ Office for National Statistics : Census 2001 : Table KS01 : Usual Resident Population All Saints; Beacon and Bents; Cleadon Park; Harton; Horsley Hill; Rekendyke; Tyne Dock and Simonside; West Park; Westoe; and Whitburn and Marsden (part) wards. Retrieved 2009-08-26
- ^ a b A Vision of Britain Through Time : Easington Rural District Retrieved 2009-09-16
- ^ a b c Office for National Statistics : Census 2001 : Parish Headcounts : Sunderland Retrieved 2009-09-16
- ^ A Vision of Britain Through Time : Hetton Urban District Retrieved 2009-09-16
- ^ A Vision of Britain Through Time : Houghton le Spring Urban District Retrieved 2009-09-15
- ^ Office for National Statistics : Census 2001 : Table KS01 : Usual Resident Population Eppleton (part); Houghton; and Shiney Row wards. Retrieved 2009-08-26
- ^ A Vision of Britain Through Time : Sunderland County Borough Retrieved 2009-09-15
- ^ Office for National Statistics : Census 2001 : Table KS01 : Usual Resident Population Castletown; Central; Colliery; Fulwell; Grindon; Hendon; Pallion; Ryhope (part); Silksworth; South Hylton; Southwick; St Chad's; St Michael's; St Peter's; Thorney Close; Thornholme; and Town End Farm wards. Retrieved 2009-08-26
- ^ A Vision of Britain Through Time : Washington Urban District Retrieved 2009-09-15
- ^ Office for National Statistics : Census 2001 : Table KS01 : Usual Resident Population Washington East; Washington North; Washington South; and Washington West wards. Retrieved 2009-08-26