Waren (Müritz)

Coordinates: 53°31′N 12°41′E / 53.517°N 12.683°E / 53.517; 12.683
Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Waren
Town
Waren (Müritz) Panorama
Waren (Müritz) Panorama
Coat of arms of Waren
Coat of arms
Location of Waren (Müritz) within Mecklenburgische Seenplatte district
Waren is located in Germany
Waren
Waren
Waren is located in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern
Waren
Waren
Coordinates: 53°31′N 12°41′E / 53.517°N 12.683°E / 53.517; 12.683
CountryGermany
StateMecklenburg-Vorpommern
DistrictMecklenburgische Seenplatte
Government
 • MayorNorbert Möller (SPD)
Area
 • Total
159.46 km2 (61.57 sq mi)
Elevation
73 m (240 ft)
Population
 (2023-12-31)[1]
 • Total
21,217
 • Density130/km2 (340/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+01:00 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+02:00 (CEST)
Postal codes
17192
Dialling codes03991
Vehicle registrationMSE, AT, DM, MC, MST, MÜR, NZ, RM, WRN
Websitewww.waren-mueritz.de
A view of Waren
Saint George's Church

Waren (Müritz) (German pronunciation:

Amt) of Seenlandschaft Waren
, although the town itself is independent of any Amt. Its borough is the second largest in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern by area.

Geography

Waren lies on

Kölpinsee, the Tiefwarensee, the Feisnecksee, the Melzer See and the Waupacksee. In the middle of the town is the Herrensee
.

Subdivisions

The town's borough includes the town of Waren (Müritz) itself, as well as the villages of Warenshof, Alt Falkenhagen, Neu Falkenhagen, Jägerhof, Rügeband, Schwenzin, Eldenholz and Eldenburg.

The town is divided into the following quarters:

  • Papenberg
  • Altstadt
  • Waren-Ost
  • Waren-Nord
  • Waren-West
  • Nesselberg
  • Ecktannen
  • Kamerun
  • Werdersiedlung

History

First records and name

Waren (along with Gnoien, Bützow and several other settlements that cannot be placed) was mentioned as early as 150 A.D. by the Alexandrine geographer, Claudius Ptolemy, (as Virunum) and is thus one of the first places on the territory of the modern-day state of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania to be recorded. As such, it is featured as a settlement of the Rugii in the historical strategy game Total War: Rome II (as Virunium).[2]

The name of the town could be derived from the

Slavic language and mean place of crows or ravens.[3]

Its name may also come from the Germanic tribe of Warini. The name was formerly spelt Wahren, Warne or, in Latin, Warnae. In 1914 the place was given the official name Waren (Müritz) (Müritz, the name of the lake, comes from the Wend word Morcze = German: Meer = "sea").

Middle Ages

The medieval town was founded around 1260 on the trade route from Stargard Land to Wismar near a castle and a Slavic village by settlers from Westphalia. The original town sprang up around St. George's Church, on the Old Market (Alter Markt) in the Old Town (Altstadt). St. George's was first mentioned in 1273. On Alter Markt (today: Alter Markt 14) was the first town hall. A little later the New Town (Neustadt) was founded around St. Mary's Church, which was merged in 1325 with the Old Town. Its new centre was New Market (Neue Markt), which joined the Old and New Towns. A town wall ran around the town.

In 1292 Waren was described for the first time as

town rights) and from 1331 as oppidum
(small town). In 1306 the town was given fishing rights on Lake Müritz.

From 1347 to 1425 Waren was the

Obodrites
family. The Werle castle probably stood south of St. Mary's on Burgstraße.

Early modern period

As a result of major fires in 1568, 1637, 1671, 1673 and 1699 and the Thirty Years' War the town was frequently devastated.

The first town hall stood on the Alter Markt and then in the middle on the Neuer Markt. The present town hall on Neuer Markt was built from 1791 to 1797 and extended in 1857.

19th century

In 1806 there was fighting in the town and surrounding area between Blücher and the French.

The canalisation of the River Elde (1798–1803 and 1831–1837) and the construction of the Bolter Canal (1831–1837) resulted in an economic boom in the town. In 1839 a vocational school was founded. In 1845 the first public baths opened on the Müritz. In 1862 the Birkenstädt Brewery was founded in present-day Müritzstraße by the town harbour; the brewery closed again in 1920. In 1869 the

Lloyd Railway from Neustrelitz via Waren to Rostock
followed suit.

1920s

In 1920 the cavalry captain,

Rittmeister Stephan von le Fort (1884–1953) from Gut Boek, gathered a group of Freikorps fighters around him and imposed a state of siege on the town of Waren during the Kapp Putsch on 17 March 1920. On 18 March, he and his cousin, Reichswehr lieutenant Peter Alexander von le Fort, gave orders for a cannon and three machine guns to open fire on the town from Gallows Hill (Galgenberg), resulting in five deaths and eleven seriously wounded. After the putsch was suppressed, both men fled to Munich and Austria and the family seat was seized by the Free State of Mecklenburg-Strelitz.[4] At the back of Waren Town Hall
, a bullet hole can still be seen today as reminder of the affair.

In 1920 the town began raising a spa tax. On 3 December 1920 Waren became the county town of the county of

Röbel
was incorporated into the Amt of Waren. In 1925 the first electric lights were lit. In the same year Waren Harbour reached its economic peak – 188 ships arrived and 208 departed handling a total of 22,330 tonnes of goods.

In 1927 the following big firms were operating in the town: the Naschkatze dairy, the Piechatzek engineering works and iron foundry (today Mecklenburger Metallguss), the Steinborn steam-powered sawmill and the Thiele und Buggisch mill. There was also a milk exporting concern, Natura, a potato factory, the Strubelt steam-powered sawmill, a gas works and a fish-processing plant.

There were 14 construction businesses, a roofing felt company, five mills, two cement factories and the Rosengarten Fishery.

The Roman Catholic Church was consecrated on 15 September 1929.

Nazi era

At the district elections on 1 November 1931, the

November Pogrom of 1938. Since 1961 a memorial has commemorated it. In 1942 there were no Jews left in Waren.[5]

From 1936 the

forced labourers
there, working sometimes in inhumane conditions.

To provide works housing for the German workforce, from 1936 to 1941, a new residential area, the Westsiedlung, was built. For this the Berlin architect, Günther Paul (1898–1976), designed multi-family houses (in Thomas-Mann-Straße, Friedrich-Engels-Platz and Clara Zetkin-Straße), semi-detached houses and the so-called foremen's homes. As a result, the population grew by more than 4,000. In Warenshof, a naval base (Marinenlager) was established as hutted camp for training the intelligence service of the Navy.

During the

Second World War a naval hospital was set up in the Müritzhöhe spa centre. In addition, during the final months of the war, the primary school (Volksschule) on Denkmalstraße, the grammar school and the Warener Hof hotel became emergency wards. On 1 May 1945 the Red Army
occupied the town without a fight.

Post-1945

In October, Friedrich Dethloff (KPD) became the new mayor, by order of the Soviet military commander. The Soviet NKVD centre at Kietzstraße 10, the "House of Horrors", was known for its tough interrogation and torture. By the end of the year, over 6,000 refugees from the eastern territories had entered the town. By the spring of 1946, there was a typhus epidemic that claimed many victims. The facilities of the "Memefa" and the steam mill and Thiele Buggisch were dismantled as war reparations and sent to the Soviet Union. The Rostock to Neustrelitz railway and the sections of line from Malchow to Karow and Möllenhagen to Neubrandenburg were closed and the track removed.

In the 1970s, large parts of the historic old town were demolished; sacrificed for a large-scale new traffic system. This devastation resulted in a raising of awareness in Waren among many of the residents, especially for the preservation of the remaining, often centuries-old buildings of the Old Town. A citizen's movement "Save the Old Town" was established long before the Berlin Wall fell and the border re-opened and their work has contributed greatly to the charm of the town centre today.

During the

nuclear missile depots of the Group of Soviet Forces in Germany
.

In 1991, after

health spa
.

Population growth

(as a 31 December in each case)

Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
1810 3,022—    
1850 5,258+1.39%
1900 8,848+1.05%
1910 9,182+0.37%
1919 9,203+0.03%
1925 10,363+2.00%
1933 11,622+1.44%
1937 14,236+5.20%
1939 15,538+4.47%
YearPop.±% p.a.
1945* 19,218+3.61%
1950 20,594+1.39%
1970 21,332+0.18%
1977 23,057+1.12%
1983 24,101+0.74%
1987 24,300+0.21%
2004 21,637−0.68%
2006 21,236−0.93%
2013 20,940−0.20%

* 1 December

Climate

Climate data for Waren (Müritz) (1991–2020 normals)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 2.8
(37.0) 		4.4
(39.9) 		8.1
(46.6) 		14.2
(57.6) 		18.9
(66.0) 		22.2
(72.0) 		24.3
(75.7) 		23.9
(75.0) 		19.6
(67.3) 		13.5
(56.3) 		7.8
(46.0) 		4.3
(39.7) 		13.7
(56.7)
Daily mean °C (°F) 0.8
(33.4) 		1.5
(34.7) 		4.1
(39.4) 		9.1
(48.4) 		13.6
(56.5) 		16.8
(62.2) 		19.0
(66.2) 		18.6
(65.5) 		14.9
(58.8) 		9.8
(49.6) 		5.3
(41.5) 		2.4
(36.3) 		9.7
(49.5)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) −1.7
(28.9) 		−1.2
(29.8) 		0.4
(32.7) 		4.1
(39.4) 		8.2
(46.8) 		11.8
(53.2) 		14.1
(57.4) 		14.0
(57.2) 		10.6
(51.1) 		6.7
(44.1) 		3.3
(37.9) 		0.3
(32.5) 		6.0
(42.8)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 53.0
(2.09) 		35.0
(1.38) 		39.3
(1.55) 		28.1
(1.11) 		45.9
(1.81) 		63.0
(2.48) 		76.7
(3.02) 		56.7
(2.23) 		49.6
(1.95) 		51.0
(2.01) 		43.2
(1.70) 		46.5
(1.83) 		601.7
(23.69)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) 18.3 14.6 13.9 11.4 13.1 13.6 14.4 14.6 12.9 15.4 16.5 18.7 177.6
Average
relative humidity
(%) 		89.3 85.0 79.5 70.6 70.2 71.6 71.4 73.6 77.7 85.7 90.3 90.2 79.6
Mean monthly sunshine hours 44.2 73.3 135.2 213.3 238.1 244.7 237.6 218.3 177.7 106.8 54.0 35.0 1,782.7
Source: World Meteorological Organization[6]

Culture and places of interest

View across the Tiefwarensee
The Müritzeum on the Herrensee lake in Waren (Müritz)
St. Mary's Church, Waren
Water tower on the Nesselberg
Former coaching inn

There is a number of official parks around Waren, such as the

European Bison
which is open to visitors.

In the historic town centre of Waren (Müritz) are many restaurants, cafés, bars and several shopping streets.

Müritzeum

The

Mecklenburg Lake District
as a whole. Over 40 species of fish from Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania may be seen.

Churches

St. George's

St. George's Church dates to the early 14th century and is a three-aisled

neogothic style. The altar portrays a crucifixion group with Mary, Mary Magdalene and John. It was carved by a Tyrolean carver. The parish of St. George has about 2,300 members.[7]

St. Mary's

St. Mary's Church is a rectangular, single-aisled, brick building in the east of the Old Town. The so-called New Town (Neustadt) was founded around it. The West Tower with its very striking upper section was built in the early 14th century, the upper part itself dating to 1790–1972. The rectangular fieldstone chancel is made from the remains of the former castle chapel of Waren Castle which no longer exists but stood on what is now Große Burgstraße. This is dated to the beginning of the 13th century. The windows of the sacristy, in Romanesque style, have survived.[8]

Other buildings

  • Old Town Hall (Altes Rathaus) (Two-storey, brick building with arcades - former Gerichtslaube - on the East Gable, 15th century) by Alter Markt
  • Old Fire Station (Single-storey, brick building, 19th century) by Alter Markt
  • Tudor-Gothic
    style, mid-19th century) with bullet hole from the Kapp Putsch of 1920 by Neuer Markt
  • Lion Chemist's (Löwenapotheke) (two-storey, timber-framed building, around 1800, with the Haus des Gastes), Neuer Markt 21
  • Town harbour (Stadthafen) with its old harbour warehouses (Hafenspeichern)
  • Kietzspeicher
  • Müritzeum, Germany's largest aquarium for native, freshwater fish.
  • Main building of the Richard Wossidlo Grammar School (Richard-Wossidlo-Gymnasium)
  • Weinberg House, a villa grandly called a Schloss
  • Community and Administrative Centre (Bürger- und Verwaltungszentrum)
  • Müritz Brewery

Historic monuments

  • Memorial tablet on the Volksbank (Kiezstraße) to those tortured by the Soviets post-1945
  • Monument in the cemetery (on the B 192 road) to wartime refugees from the German eastern territories
  • Memorial tablet put up in 1994 at the head office of the European Academy of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania (Europäische Akademie Mecklenburg-Vorpommern) to
    prisoners of war
    from eight European countries who had to work in the Memefa armaments factory
  • Monument put up in 1945 on the cemetery by the graves of Soviet soldiers and forced labourers
  • Memorial stie established in 1947 and 1950 at Am Kietz for 224 female concentration camp inmates who were victims of forced labour
  • Memorial tablet from the 1960s on the house at Feldstraße 19 to the
    resistance fighter
    , Hermann Gatzke, who was given a long prison sentence for his resistance
  • Memorial tablet from the 1960er in Papenbergstraße 12 to the Communist town councillor, Paul Rachow, who was murdered in 1945 in Neuengamme concentration camp
  • Memorial site with wooden sculpture from the year 1994 by sculptor, Sven Domann, on the corner of Geschwister-Scholl-Straße and Dietrich-Bonhoeffer-Straße to commemorate the Christian resistance of the White Rose movement
  • Memorial site and tablet on the Papenberg hill on the road to Neubrandenburg to the Jewish cemetery that was desecrated by the Nazis in 1938. On the enclosing wall is a travertine stele by sculptor, Walter Preik, to the Jewish victims of Fascism
  • Monument on the southern shore of the Tiefwarensee lake to the Waren synagogue

Regular events

  • Since 2002 the Müritz Sail event has taken place every May, in which inland and offshore sailors take part and which attracts over 50,000 visitors
  • On the last weekend in July the Mecklenburg-Vorpommern triathlon takes place.
  • The Müritz Swim (Müritz-Schwimmen) has taken place annually for over 40 years over a 1,950 metre long course in the northern part of the Müritz. Several hundred swimmers take part.
  • Since 2001 the Müritz Run (Müritz-Lauf) has become part of the sporting scene. Every year in August national and international sportsmen and women take part in the various competitions around the Müritz. The Müritz Run is the biggest event in the region in terms of numbers of participants

Transport

Public transport

Waren (Müritz) station offers fast rail connections to Rostock at the Baltic Sea, Berlin, Leipzig and Munich. Within the town a network of buses is available. Several regional buses connect the town to almost every village in the district and the towns in the surroundings.

Boat connections

There are also boat connections to Klink, Röbel, Malchow, Plau and Land Fleesensee via the lakes of the lake district.

Twin towns – sister cities

See also: List of twin towns and sister cities in Germany

Waren is twinned with:[9]

Notable people

Sylvia Bretschneider, 2017

References

  1. Statistisches Amt Mecklenburg-Vorpommern
    . 2023.
  2. ^ "Regions". r2encv2.totalwar.com. Retrieved 2024-10-15.
  3. ISSN 0259-7772
  4. ^ Renate Krüger: Mecklenburg Wege eines Landes
  5. ISBN 978-3-940207-16-6
  6. ^ "World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1991–2020". World Meteorological Organization Climatological Standard Normals (1991–2020). National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Archived from the original on 12 October 2023. Retrieved 13 October 2023.
  7. ^ Official website of St. George's Church, Waren
  8. ^ Official website of St. Mary's Church, Waren
  9. ^ "Partnerstädte". waren-mueritz.de (in German). Waren (Müritz). Retrieved 2021-02-17.
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