We Demand Rally
The We Demand Rally was the first large scale
Background
One of the catalysts for the demonstration was RCMP discrimination against homosexuals following the 1969 changes to the Criminal Code decriminalizing certain gay acts with the passing of bill C-150. Specifically, attempts to drive out gay people and lesbians working in the civil service, government, and military, along with other forms of discrimination.[1] Up to this point, discrimination against sexuality was not legally prohibited and there was no way to complain through human rights commissions.[2] Other issues which drove the protest were the inequality of the Divorce Act, which placed homosexuality in the same category of severity for reasons to divorce as rape or bestiality, and the Immigration Act which banned gay men from immigrating to Canada.[3][2]
There is a history of gay activism, focusing on education and awareness,[2] in Canada before 1971, such as the work of Ted northe, however there was no large scale organization or demonstration up to this point.
The Rally
The Ottawa rally was organized by the groups Toronto Gay Action and the Community Homophile Association of Toronto. The rally contained approximately 200 demonstrators,[2] coming from CHAT and TGA and other homophile and gay rights activist groups. The rally began with a march to the steps of Parliament Hill in Ottawa. The rally had speeches given by demonstrators such as Charlie Hill of Toronto Gay Action, George Hislop and Pat Murphy of CHAT, Pierre Mason of Le front de libération des homosexuels, and John Williams of Cleveland, Ohio.[4][5] The demonstrators mainly consisted of white cis gay men. There was only one woman, Cheri DiNovo, who signed the original list of demands.[3] The demonstrators called for the end to RCMP surveillance on gay workers, the end to medical discrimination and intervention, amendments to divorce laws, and equal civil rights to be extended to gay people and lesbians.[5]
There was a parallel rally[6] in Vancouver coordinated in solidarity and organized by Gay Alliance Toward Equality.[7] Roedy Green, chairperson of GATE, spoke, as did representatives from Vancouver Gay Sisters and the GLF.[8] There is some debate as to the number of attendees, somewhere between 20 and 159 [9][10][11]
Demands
The groups involved presented, as part of the demonstration, a 13-page document containing a list of demands to the Canadian Parliament, drafted by Herbert Spiers and Brian Waite of TGA with contributions from 12 gay activist groups across Canada under the name August 28 Gay Day Committee[12][13] and signed by members of TGA.[5] The document contained ten main demands:[3]
- Removing 'buggery' and 'gross indecency' as grounds for indictment as a dangerous sex offender
- Amendments to the divorce act to allow for child custody to be decided based on parental merit rather than sexuality.
- Removing homosexuality from the same category as physical or mental abuse, bestiality, and rape for grounds for divorce.
- Amending the Immigration Act to allow homosexuals to immigrate and enter Canada
- Institute an equal age of consent for both homosexual and heterosexual acts
- For the RCMP to disclose whether they had been spying on queer people working in the government, and to discontinue the practice immediately.
- Equal employment and advancement in all levels of government.
- Allow gays, lesbians, and bisexuals to serve in the military.
- Equal rights to be extended to lesbians, bisexuals, and gays.
- Removal of "gross indecency" and "lewd acts" from the Criminal Code and replacement with terms equally applied to heterosexuals and homosexuals.
Aftermath and legacy
As a direct result of the rally, the Immigration Act was amended, removing the ban on gay men from travelling and immigrating to Canada.[14] All of the original ten demands of the rally have since been met and the laws they addressed have since been amended.
The Body Politic
The rally led to the creation of
We Still Demand
On August 28, 2011, a commemorative march organized by Queer Ontario called We Still Demand[6] was held on Parliament Hill. The march was both celebrating reforms which have won since the original rally and protesting continued inequality and issues, such as having cops at Pride events and LGBT homelessness.[6][17]
A conference entitled "'We Demand': History/Sex/Activism in Canada/Nous demandons: Histoire/Sexe/Activisme au Canada" was hosted on August 28, 2011, commemorating the forty year anniversary of the march.[13][12]
References
- S2CID 166025716.
- ^ ISBN 978-1-4426-7663-3.
- ^ a b c "The Demands · 1971 We Demand March · The ArQuives Digital Exhibitions". digitalexhibitions.arquives.ca. Retrieved 2020-11-15.
- ISBN 1550222732.
- ^ ISBN 9781773271002.
- ^ a b c Verge, Stéphanie. “The Battle Continues with We (Still) Demand.” Maclean’s, vol. 132, no. 6, July 2019, p. 63.
- ^ a b "Vancouver Gay Liberation". The Body Politic. 1. November 1971.
- ISBN 1550222732.
- ^ ""Gay Rallies: A Big First Step"". Georgia Straight: 17. 10 September 1971.
- ^ "Introduction · 1971 We Demand March · The ArQuives Digital Exhibitions". digitalexhibitions.arquives.ca. Retrieved 2020-12-02.
- ^ "Gay Rights Demo...". Georgia Straight: 17. 13 August 1971.
- ^ a b DiMera, Matthew. “We Demand 40 Years Later.” Xtra West (Vancouver), no. 470, Aug. 2011, pp. 12–13.
- ^ a b Tremblay, Manon. Queer Mobilizations: Social Movement Activism and Canadian Public Policy. UBC Press, 2015.
- ^ "We Demand | The Canadian Encyclopedia". www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca. Retrieved 2020-11-28.
- ISSN 2398-4112.
- ^ Waite, Brian, and Cheri DeNovo. “We Demand.” Body Politic, no. 1, Nov. 1971, p. 4.
- ^ "» We (Still) Demand!". Retrieved 2020-12-02.