Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/Single/2007-04-30

Wikipedia was the "textbook" in a Western Civilization course at

For such facts, Kelly reasoned, "Since they are going to use Wikipedia anyway, why not go ahead and assign it?"

Early in the course, students created short new entries on Wikipedia. They kept track of the changes over the past few months. This week the students posted about the Wikipedia experience in the course blog, Western Civ As We Know It.

The fates of the students' entries varied widely. Most students reported at least limited contributions from other editors, ranging from copy-editing and formatting to bot edits and categorization to substantive editing to deletion. Image policy was a particular source of frustration for the students, as a number reported the deletion of the images they had uploaded (in one case, multiple times). For many, it was a challenge to find an uncovered topic in the first place (and some only found an available title for a topic covered under another name—resulting in the removal of duplicated content). Though some students were excited that strangers had contributed to their articles, others were upset by the changes to their prose.

Students typically came away with more skepticism about Wikipedia content. One student wrote, "my views have very much changed about using this website as a real creditable[sic] source to get information. I say this because I had no real knowledge about the article that I had written..." However, a few came away more confident in Wikipedia's reliability. "Although perhaps there is some inaccurate information somewhere on the site," said one, "I am sure that before long it will be removed and replaced by more factual information." This student also found an instance of vandalism "kind of flattering"; the only other student to mention vandalism also found it more interesting and amusing than troubling.

The assignment itself was generally well-received. Students found it useful and in many cases enjoyable, and Kelly was confident that it would be educationally relevant as well: "The Wikipedia assignments I’ve been giving over the past year have certainly made a dent in my students’ belief that the Wikipedia is the best possible source for historical information and have taught them how to use this resource in appropriately critical ways."

A significant amount of data collected about Wikipedia has been coming out recently, especially from Internet monitoring firm Hitwise, revealing some interesting information about the project's readers and contributors.

Pew report

The largest single data release came in conjunction with the Pew Research Center for the Pew Internet & American Life Project (all of the information in this article is limited to the United States). Pew and Hitwise prepared a report (PDF) released 24 April and focused entirely on Wikipedia, using information collected in February and March.

Overall, according to Pew's survey, 36% of adults have consulted Wikipedia, with an average of 8% doing so on any given day. Factors related to Wikipedia use included education, household income, and home

. Wikipedia use increased steadily according to income level, but ultimately education had the strongest effect. Half of those having a college degree said they used Wikipedia, the highest of any group, along with 46% of current students.

The report concluded that for most people seeking information online, convenience was a higher priority than increased accuracy. The easy availability of Wikipedia combined with traffic drawn from search engines helps explain the project's popularity.

Additional data

Hitwise also came out with additional research, the results of which first began appearing a couple weeks ago at a Web 2.0 conference. Speaking at the conference, Hitwise researcher Bill Tancer gave some figures on the level of involvement at several participatory websites. He noted that the overwhelming majority of visits to sites such as YouTube and Flickr only involved passive consumption, not actually contributing to the site's content. They fell under the "90-9-1 Rule" identified by Jakob Nielsen, with less than 1% of visits involving actual uploads. By way of comparison, Wikipedia had a much higher participation rate, with 4.56% of visits being related to editing activity. (It should be noted, however, that YouTube or Flickr uploads imply earlier preparation of the content, while Wikipedia edits do not necessarily.)

This tidbit was included in a piece for Time magazine, also written by Tancer, that followed the Pew report. This article provided some interesting additional demographic data about Wikipedia. For example, Tancer said that the gender distribution of visitors was almost evenly divided male-female, but 60% of edits were by men. The imbalance among editors is actually mild in comparison with previous estimates, based on purely anecdotal guesswork, that contributors might be as much as 80-90% male.

The question of age

Even more intriguing was the data on the age distribution of Wikipedia editors. Tancer wrote that "82% of those making edits to the site are 35 years old or older." This claim met with considerable skepticism among Wikipedia editors who thought the balance would be skewed more in favor of younger college students.

While it is difficult to identify the true reason without knowing more about the methodology, some possible explanations come to mind. One possibility is that like other monitoring firms, Hitwise faces challenges in tracking the younger crowd: individual activity may be hard to differentiate behind library or school computers, or incorrectly credited when high school or college-age students use a shared household computer belonging to their parents. However, Tancer did specifically point to a significant gap between visits, of which 45% came from people under 35, and edits, which he had coming mostly from the 35-and-over crowd.

Another factor to consider is that even if the population of editors seems relatively young — because this group has more free time to develop a well-known identity — it does not mean this age distribution is universal. Thus the large mass of unknown, often unregistered, editors might lean more toward those who are significantly older, with additional responsibilities in life and only a small amount of time to devote to Wikipedia. The real answers would require more data, and could be an interesting issue for further study.

The featured list process this week reached a milestone of two hundred and fifty featured lists with the promotion of List of The Batman episodes on Wednesday.^[1] After being introduced in May 2005 (see archived story), the featured list process led the way for the creation of featured topics and portals, both of which were proposed later that year.

Based on the

of last year. Nearly seventy lists had been promoted by the end of 2005.

A featured content portal was created in January of 2006; it has since been added to the navigation section of the sidebar. Initially, a list of all the featured lists was placed under a header of "featured lists". On 11 September, CBDunkerson began transcluding a portion of a randomly selected featured list using <onlyinclude> and <includeonly> tags; this is how the list section of the portal can be seen today.

After earlier discussion

aimed at Wikipedia's lists. He said, "This project will encourage editors to write more lists. Lists are quite scarce now, and they're definitely needed to make Wikipedia as complete as possible."

Discussion also began in early April concerning

subpage

of Wikipedia's guidelines on fair use that pertains exclusively to lists was created. The page describes several advantages and disadvantages of non-free content in lists, although it was tagged as historical in January 2007.

On Thursday, 26 April, Lists WikiProject was created after a proposal by Ed. The final goal is to make all lists conform to the featured list criteria. A dozen editors have already agreed to assist in the effort.

Unlike the featured article process, there is no "featured list" director. Filiocht, ALoan and Rune.welsh have all taken a major hand in the promotion process; Tompw currently promotes or fails the vast majority of candidates. He was also a major contributor to the featured topic of Canadian elections, which currently contains fourteen featured lists.

Wikipedia is growing exponentially; most notably in size, but also in recognition. Inevitably, processes designed for the systematic improvement of articles have become severely backlogged. For the most part, worthwhile efforts are underway to clear the backlogs. Such efforts include minor innovations; others have seen a revamp and subsequent expedition of the process, or the creation of wikiprojects.

Cleanup

Readers and editors are probably most familiar with the generic cleanup template, which can be seen on an increasing number of pages. The category containing all articles needing cleanup currently exceeds 24,000 articles. Each month, nearly 2,500 additional articles are tagged and added to the category. Various editors have chipped in to help, by checking the history of pages and determining when the cleanup template was added. Once sorted, CbmBOT, created in July of last year by Dvandersluis, updates a table on the category page providing a summary of the number of articles that were tagged from each month. RedWordSmith created the Cleanup Taskforce in March of 2005, encouraging users to tackle the rapidly increasing number of articles in the category.

A procedure is provided for editors to request an article be fixed by the Taskforce. A

where it is needed, from a page containing more than fifty specialized messages.

Articles lacking sources

This article does not cite its references or sources. It's a message one has an increasingly frustrating probability of seeing. Several incidents have forced Wikipedia to look more closely at articles in which content has been copied from other locations. The message has thus been forced upon articles, particularly biographies, where it was previously unlikely to appear. The proposed policy page concerning the matter, Wikipedia:Attribution, is currently the site of discussion concerning the amalgamation of various other adopted policy pages. Elsewhere, discussion is ongoing about the format by which references and external links should be cited. The category containing all articles that lack sources is quickly approaching 70,000 articles. A project created to specifically process articles from the category has yet to be created.

Peer review

suggested that users who add an article to the list should also review at least one other article to help clear the backlog.

Good and featured articles

In late 2005, the

page.

Though a mostly successful outing, there has been concern about the 'division of resources' good articles create. Some editors feel that instead of reviewing articles for GA status, people should work on improving them further and bringing them up to featured status. In a situation similar to that at peer review, some opposers of featured candidates are quick to point out when an article has not yet received good article status. Since the longest unreviewed articles at GAC have been there since late March, casual editors may have already lost interest by the time said article receives GA status.

A graph on the statistics page for good article shows, by month, the percentage of total articles that have achieved either good or featured status. The rate at which articles have been promoted to featured status has remained relatively constant, but because of Wikipedia's quick growth the featured total against the total number of articles is steadily decreasing, now under 0.08%.^[2]

There are currently more than fifty articles with open nominations at FAC. When a general consensus has been reached, or when all outstanding issues have been addressed, the articles are promoted or failed (based on

.

---

WikiWorld is a weekly comic, carried by the Signpost, that highlights a few of the fascinating but little-known articles in the vast Wikipedia archives. The text for each comic is excerpted from one or more existing Wikipedia articles. WikiWorld offers visual interpretations on a wide range of topics: offbeat cultural references and personality profiles, obscure moments in history and unlikely slices of everyday life - as well as "mainstream" subjects with humorous potential. The comic can now be found on cartoon site Humorous Maximus.

Cartoonist

for use on Wikipedia and elsewhere.

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Board passes three resolutions

The Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees passed three resolutions in April which were made public this week. One resolution requires all stewards, OTRS volunteers, developers with access to nonpublic information, and users with "checkuser" or "oversight" access to provide identification and confirmation that they are 18 years of age, and of age in their jurisdiction. The identification would not be publicly provided except when required under the Wikimedia Privacy Policy. Deleted revisions are not considered nonpublic information for the purposes of this resolution, meaning that administrators who do not serve in any of the capacities listed above would be exempt from the policy.

The other resolutions create an Executive Director search committee and revise the Foundation's Mission and Vision statements.

Briefly

• Among
  Wired Magazine's 15 Lamest Technology Mascots: The obscure Wikipede (an unofficial mascot
  introduced in 2002, along with the Miwiki).
• The English Wikipedia has reached 500,000
  assessed articles
  .
• The Czech Wikisource has reached 2,000 pages.
• The Min Nan Wiktionary has reached 5,000 entries.
• The Nepali Wikipedia has reached 1,000 articles.
• The Bhojpuri Wikipedia has reached 1,000 articles.
• The Tamil Wikipedia has reached 10,000 articles.
• All Wikipedias have reached a combined 7,000,000 registered accounts.
• The Tongan Wikipedia has reached 1,000 articles.
• The Czech Wikiquote has reached 500 articles.
• The Serbian Wikiquote has reached 100 articles.

Administrators

Six users were

), ).

Bots

Five bots were

begin operating

this week: BotMultichill (task request), BotanyBot (task request), ToePeu.bot (task request), ),and GeorgeMoneyBot-status (task request).

Featured content

Eighteen articles were promoted to

).

One article was de-featured last week: Invasion (nom).

Six

).

No

were promoted to featured status this week.

The following featured articles were displayed last week on the Main Page as

.

The following featured pictures were displayed last week on the Main Page as picture of the day: Crystal Mountains, Black-bellied Whistling Duck, English Walnut, First Photograph of a Person, Great Red Spot, Whaling in the Faroe Islands, and Dust Storm.

Six pictures were promoted to featured status last week:

• 
  Praying Mantis (nom

  )
• 
  Broadway Tower (nom)
• 
  nom

  )
• 
  Battle of Normandy (nom

  )
• 
  United States Capitol (nom)
• 
  Yellowjacket (nom)

The Arbitration Committee opened two cases this week, and closed no cases.

New cases

• Piotrus: A case involving administrator Piotrus (talk · contribs) and other editors on Eastern Europe related articles. Multiple parties accuse others of edit warring, incivility, and biased editing. (An earlier arbitration case, Piotrus-Ghirla, was suspended due to inactivity on the part of Ghirlandajo (talk · contribs), who is a party in the new case.)

• TingMing: A case involving the actions of TingMing (talk · contribs). Ideogram (talk · contribs) alleges that he has engaged in "controversial edits", edit warring, incivility, and possibly sockpuppetry. TinMing denies the allegations, and alleges incivility on the part of Ideogram.

Evidence phase

• WP:ATT, on "articles on paranormal and pseudoscientific topics", such as parapsychology and Electronic voice phenomenon
  .

• Transnistria: A case involving the actions of MariusM (talk · contribs) and William Mauco (talk · contribs) on Transnistria-related articles. MariusM alleges that Mauco (who has not made a statement because he is blocked) has engaged in sockpuppetry, edit warring and other misconduct.

• talk · contribs
  ) who, while acknowledged as a productive contributor, has been called incivil on various occasions.

• Zeq-Zero0000: A case involving the actions of Zeq (talk · contribs) and Zero0000 (talk · contribs). Zero alleges that Zeq has engaged in POV-pushing, while Zeq alleges that Zero has misused administrative tools in blocking him, the case in particular involving the question of whether probations, article bans, etc. can be enforced by involved admins.

• Community enforceable mediation
  has the support of five arbitrators.

Voting phase

• Certified.Gangsta-Ideogram: A case involving the actions of Certified.Gangsta and Ideogram, both of whom Durova and others allege to have been involved in edit-warring on Taiwan-related articles. Ideogram, who has also been accused of improper behaviour on the community noticeboard, denies the allegations. Certified.Gangsta presented evidence, in which he alleges that Ideogram has engaged in canvassing, wikistalking, and orchestrating an anti-Certified.Gangsta campaign. He also denies Durova's allegiations. Kirill Lokshin has proposed remedies, with the support of five arbitrators, placing both parties on revert parole, and admonishing Ideogram.

• bot approvals group
  . Betacommand has noted that he makes numerous username-related blocks, and that most of his blocks were appropriate. Whether Betacommand used his administrative account for bot-related activity, whether he is unique in doing so, and whether such an action should be allowed or not, have also been questioned. Paul August has proposed a remedy, with the support of seven arbitrators, desysopping Betacommand; voting on other remedies is split.

• Mudaliar-Venki123: A case involving the actions of Mudaliar and Venki123 on a series of articles. Kirill Lokshin has proposed remedies banning both parties for one year, with the support of six arbitrators.

• Freedom skies: A case involving the actions of Freedom skies. JFD and others allege that he has edit warred to push his point of view. He denies the allegations. A remedy to place Freedom skies on revert parole has the support of five arbitrators.

• article probation
  has the support of five arbitrators; a series of other remedies placing various users on revert parole and/or banning them from Falun Gong and related articles and talk pages have been proposed, but voting on them is split.