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Expertise
| ACADEMIC JOURNAL | This user has had his/her work published in an academic journal. |
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This user attends or attended
the Cracow University of Economics .
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Other
 | This user is interested in Utilitarianism, the belief that a moral action is one which increases the total happiness of humanity. |
Citizen of the World ( Terra, ⊕ |
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This user supports the .
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 | This user supports real autonomy for Chechnya. |
A word from the editor
Piotr Konieczny aka Prokonsul PiotrusMagister Artium in economics since April'04 and in sociology since April'07, one of Top 50 (or Top 0.0001%) of most active Wikipedians (42nd in March'08 is my best record); as of September'09 I was one of the 59 editors who had over 100,000k edits to English Wikipedia. I registered on Wiki on 10 Apr 2004 (User ID 59,002) but I have been editing since December 2003 as an anon. Oh yes, I am a Pole so read on how to deal with Poles! I love sharing my knowledge and the idea of spam and like .
My interests concentrate around Ludology Association, after all :)
On the professional side I am a sociologist of the use Wikipedia as a teaching tool .
I have taught dozens of university-level courses with students submitting writing assignments in form of Wikipedia articles, and I've even developed a course about Wikipedia. For most of my courses I have developed a series of freely licensed Prezi slides, check them out, copy and reuse! More about my teaching stuff, from tools I've developed to the list of articles my students created or improved, can be found here.
Here are some of my published papers about Wikipedia you may find interesting. If you hit a paywal, stop by LibGen .
In Fall 2016 WMF published a blog about me based on an interview :) Korean TL)
If for some bizarre reason you need to know more about me, just ask. I don't believe anonymity is good for this project.
Interesting article list
Some interesting articles which I created or significantly contributed to that were featured on Wikipedia's Main Page (update). Did you know...
- (19 January 2006) ... that Józef Olszyna-Wilczyński, a high-ranking commander of the Polish Army, a veteran of World War I, Polish-Ukrainian War and the Polish-Soviet War, was executed by the Soviets during the Polish Defensive War of 1939?
- ... that the main languages of
Slavic poet?
- ... that in the Battle of Gdynia during the Polish September Campaign, the German armed forces captured Gdynia, an important port and industrial center of the Second Polish Republic?
- ... that
Polish Enlightenment ?
- ... that during the Battle of Hel, one of the longest battles in the 1939 Polish September Campaign, Polish forces temporarily separated the peninsula from the mainland, forming an island?
- ... that the
scientific revolution ?
- ... that firing of Anna Walentynowicz, a Polish free trade union activist, was one of the events that led to the giant wave of strikes in Poland and eventually the creation of Solidarity?
- ... that throughout the development of science, many ideas have been obliterated by incorporation?
- ... that in the aftermath of the
Defence of the Polish Post in Danzig, in the Polish September Campaign of 1939, all the Polish civilians who had held out for 15 hours against the SS
- ... that in the
Ministry for State Security, ensured its victory by vote rigging
- ... that ?
- ... that A Perfect Vacuum, a 1971 book by Polish author Stanisław Lem, is an anthology of imaginary reviews of nonexistent books?
- ... that ?
- ... that the ?
- ... that a 17th century Polish politician Mikołaj Sienicki held the office of marshal of the Sejm recordary nine times and was called a 'Polish Demosthenes' for his oratory skills?
- ... that
customs ?
- ... that in the Bezdany train robbery of 1908, led by the future Polish dictator, Józef Piłsudski, the revolutionaries stole over 200,000 rubles?
- ... that Stanisław Warszycki, a wealthy 17th-century Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth magnate, gave rise to many legends about his cruelty, and several places in Poland claim sightings of his ghost?
- ... that
studied in the underground university in his youth, died in mysterious circumstances?
- ... that in the ?
- ... that ?
- ... that ?
- ... that ?
- ... that Aleksandra Piłsudska, a Polish revolutionary and second wife of dictator Józef Piłsudski, helped plan the Bezdany train raid?
- ... that ?
- ... that
industrialization of the city of Łódź
- ... that the
State Council of Poland ?
- ... that , is also one of Lem's strongest critiques of the science-fiction genre itself?
- ... that ?
- ... that student development theories are tools used by scholars and teachers in understanding how students gain knowledge?
- ... that
performers ?
- ... that ?
- ... that ?
- ... that the 's army?
- ... that the Worek Plan, a submarine operation by the Polish Navy in the early days of the Polish September Campaign, was a failure as the submarines did not manage to sink a single German vessel?
- ... that princes while blinded, muted and exiled?
- ... that in the
Second World War, four unfinished and undermanned Polish bunkers
- ... that
laws of physics ?
- ... that although the ?
- ... that although the last game in the
Advanced Strategic Command , to recreate the series?
- ... that to determine the likely outcomes of an individual's life, on the basis of certain underlying factors?
- ... that
Ottoman Turkish language ?
- ... that Flying University was the secret educational conspiratorial enterprise that existed in Warsaw, Poland, in various forms in the 19th and 20th century to provide education outside of the dominating ideology?
- ... that in the late ?
- ... that Jacek Dukaj's Black Oceans, a Polish science-fiction novel, received the Janusz A. Zajdel Award Polish award for sci-fi literature in 2001?
- ... that the
humans, which facilitated the development of speech
- ... that the fictional goat Koziołek Matołek has been a popular Polish children's literature character since first appearing in 1933?
- ... that Walerian Łukasiński, a 19th century Polish Army officer, was sentenced to 14 years of imprisonment by the Russian Empire, and died in prison after 44 years, becoming one of the martyrs of the Polish struggle for independence under the partitions?
- ... that in their ?
- ... that
Vytautas the Great ?
- ... that ?
- ... that ?
- ... that
Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists despite his relatively moderate stance in the Polish- Ukrainian
- ... that Fighting Solidarity, created in response to the martial law in Poland of 1982, was among the most radical splinters of Solidarity?
- ... that Mury, a protest song by Jacek Kaczmarski about events in Catalonia, became the unofficial anthem of Solidarity?
- ... that among the ?
- ... that
Enlightenment in Poland ?
- ... that the cry
independence movements all over the world?
- ... that the
Polish-Lithuanian Wars ?
- ... that
invasion of Poland in September 1939?
- ... that
Polish Renaissance , were inspired by the death of the poet's young daughter, Urszula?
- ... that the ?
- ... that 17 days after the ?
- ... that in the early ?
- ... that ?
- ... that the Political Instability Task Force might have predicted over 85% of major state crises occurring in 1990–1997?
- ... that the
World Wars ?
- ... that the ?
- ... that
First World War ?
- ... that on October 5 1914, a French Voisin III pilot scored the first air-to-air kill of World War I?
- ... that ?
- ... that a church of the Order of the Holy Ghost once stood at the site of the Juliusz Słowacki Theatre in Kraków?
- ... that the
Barbican of Warsaw became obsolete almost immediately after its construction in 1548
- ... that the and returned to Poland undefeated?
- ... that the
German invasion of Poland began?
- ... that in the alliance?
- ... that the Swedish forces at the
Charles X Gustav ?
- ... that the ?
- ... that the title of
namestnik ?
- ... that the Constitution of the Kingdom of Poland of 1815, considered among the most liberal constitutions of its time, was increasingly disregarded by the Polish government, leading to the November Uprising of 1830?
- ... that the ?
- ... that there are several
name of Poland ?
- ... that construction of Żarnowiec, Poland's only nuclear power plant, was cancelled as the project neared completion?
- ... that Russian general Władysław Wejtko joined the Polish Army and constructed fortifications in the decisive Battle of Warsaw?
- ... that a
the first major Polish protest against communism
- ... that
Stalinization period?
- ... that the
Second World War ?
- ... that
oncological research, was one of the 100,000 victims of the Ponary massacre
- ... that ?
- ... that
Polish Minister of Foreign Affairs, was one of the chief supporters of the Prometheism policy aimed at breaking up the Soviet Union
- ... that a part of channel?
- ... that the main force of the ?
- ... that ?
- ... that confusing orders prevented most in 1939?
- ... that reopening of the Cemetery of the Defenders of Lwów in 2005 marked a major improvement of Polish-Ukrainian relations?
- ... that following
communist puppet government ?
- ... that ?
- ... that unit stationed in Poland from 1945 to 1993, was formally regulated by Soviet-Polish treaty only in 1956?
- ... that
Western Allies military formations?
- ... that
Polish uprising ?
- ... that the
People's Republic of Poland ?
- ... that ?
- ... that in the
1957 Polish legislative elections , only 723 of 60,000 candidates were allowed to run?
- ... that the events of Polish October together with Hungarian November shook the Eastern Bloc in 1956 and set the course for the Revolutions of 1989?
- ... that ?
- ... that the ?
- ... that the
fall of communism six decades later?
- ... that ?
- ... that the
Polish politics ?
- ... that
human population ?
- ... that the Jagiellonian Library of Kraków, dating back to the 14th century, is the largest Polish collection of pre-19th century texts?
- ... that 's parks"?
- ... that the concept of a
prosecution of crimes committed by people in authority
- ... that the Kraków szopka is a unique Polish Christmas tradition that portrays artistic interpretations of buildings of Kraków along nativity scenes?
- ... that the summer 1944 began?
- ... that Władysław Orkan, a Podhale Polish writer and poet of the Young Poland movement, never passed his matura exams?
- ... that Matysiakowie is both the most popular radio drama in Poland and one of the longest running in the world, with over 2600 episodes broadcast since 1956?
- ... that
shops ?
- ... that Józef Franczak, last of the cursed soldiers, was a resistance fighter for over half his life?
- ... that a Three-Year Plan succeeded in rebuilding the economy of Poland from World War II devastation?
- ... that before
a plan against German invasion until the late 1930s?
- ... that ?
- ... that 19th century Polish general Ludwik Mierosławski led revolutionaries in Poland, Germany and Italy?
- ... that Miss Pittsburgh was the first plane to deliver airmail between Pittsburgh and Cleveland?
- ... that 19th century Polish noble and farmer Stanisław Chełchowski published academic works ranging from ethnography through agriculture to mycology?
- ... that Polish I Corps in Russia, originally intended to fight for the Triple Entente against the Central Powers, was forced to ally itself with the German Ober Ost forces?
- ... that the ?
- ... that the 1621 Battle of Khotyn resulted directly in the death of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth leader, hetman Jan Karol Chodkiewicz, and indirectly in the death of the Ottoman Empire commander, sultan Osman II?
- ... that
medieval Poland, fell into disrepair in the Renaissance
- ... that one of the most influential people in
Polish national anthem ?
- ... that in the was forced to sign an unfavorable treaty with the Empire?
- ... that according to a legend,
Mikołaj Sapieha stole a Holy Painting from a private Papal
- ... that the April 1920
Bolshevik Russia ?
- ... that the
Polish First Army , destroying most of the city?
- ... that the ?
- ... that
Polish legal system ?
- ... that in the military innovations and strategies for the first time?
- ... that
election sejm of 1632 ?
- ... that the
communist Poland ?
- ... that coffin portraits of nobility of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth were meant to create an impression that the deceased is taking part in the funeral?
- ... that the Polish historian and survivor of the in defiance of Nazi edicts?
- ... that the real objective of the 1732
Polish throne, was to create a rift between France
- ... that in 1526, with the heirless death of ?
- ... that the military doctrine of the cult of the offensive was one of the main causes of World War I?
- ... that Piłsudski's Mound, built in 1937, is the youngest and largest of the four mounds of Kraków?
- ... that after the November Uprising in partitioned Poland, the government of the Russian Empire offered a bounty for one of the Polish leaders, Jan Czyński?
- ... that the leaders of the failed
coup in Poland in 1919 were arrested by their intended troops?
- ... that Polish
108 Martyrs of World War Two ?
- ... that
WWII ?
- ... that the ?
- ... that Polish painter and politician Henryk Józewski protected Ukrainian leader Symon Petliura from extradition to Soviet Union by hiding him in his flat?
- ... that
occupied Poland, escaped arrest and under false name managed a Bonn chocolate
- ... that the now-Polish Gliwice Canal was known as the "Adolf Hitler Canal" during WWII?
- ... that the
ethnic minority -protection regime?
- ... that the ?
- ... that popularity of , has been steadily declining since its establishment?
- ... that despite losing almost one third of their men in the Battle of Osuchy, Polish resistance in the Zamość region successfully engaged Germans during the nationwide Operation Tempest only a month later?
- ... that ?
- ... that Bonawentura Niemojowski, a Polish politician during the Congress Poland period, became one of the most vocal supporters of the November Uprising against the Russian Empire and a leader of the revolutionary Polish government?
- ... that among the founding members of ?
- ... that Berlinka was a partially constructed highway built by Nazi Germany that was intended to span the Polish Corridor from Berlin to Königsberg, Prussia?
- ... that during the
Vytautas the Great ?
- ... that in 1866
staged an uprising trying to escape to China
- ... that ?
- ... that Golden Liberty, the political system of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, similar to federation and democracy, became ineffective when faced with the surrounding monarchies?
- ... that Żeligowski's Mutiny, which resulted in the creation of the Republic of Central Lithuania in late 1920, was in fact staged and carried out with the knowledge of Polish leader Józef Piłsudski?
- ... that the Polish
Beatles ?
- ... that Otto Magnus von Stackelberg, Russian ambassador to Poland, can be considered an unofficial but de facto ruler of Poland?
- ... that the Polish side tried to keep the Suwałki Agreement limited in scope so that it would not interfere with the planned Żeligowski's Mutiny?
- ... that the ?
- ... that without adequate army much larger than expected?
- ... that the ?
- ... that
King of Poland so much that he was paid a debt that was promised him four years earlier?
- ... that the
Brusilov Offensive in summer 1916 is considered the largest and most vicious of the battles involving the Polish Legions
- ... that the
fragmentation of Poland which lasted for 200 years?
- ... that
alternate history novel of over 1000 pages?
- ... that in the ?
- ... that
Polish communist government ?
- ... that Nazi Germany planned to starve tens of millions of Jews, Poles and Soviet citizens in order to simultaneously eliminate "surplus population" and feed German citizens and their army?
- ... that despite German and
newsreels ?
- ... that Polish duke Władysław the White gained a nickname of King Lancelot due to his adventurous life?
- ... that ?
- ... that ?
- ... that since its creation in 2003?
- ... that the
Fryderyk Chopin ?
- ... that about 12 million people were
forced laborers in Nazi Germany during World War II , and less than 2 million received direct compensation after the war?
- ... that
German invasion of Poland in 1939?
- ... that Red Plague, a
anti-Soviet sentiments?
- ... that the battle of the Dukla Pass was one of the bloodiest battles in Slovakia's history and contributed to the failure of the Slovak National Uprising?
- ... that in 1941?
- ... that Jakub Wejher, one of 17th century Poland's richest magnates, founded the town of Wejherowo?
- ... that despite much preparation by Prussia, Toruń Fortress, one of the largest defence complexes in Central and Eastern Europe, did not play a significant role in World War I?
- ... that
self-taught as he was expelled from university?
- ... that
German invasion of Poland was a defensive war provoked by a Polish attack on Germany?
- ... that
GULAG camp, writing down each day a few lines on a bar of soap?
- ... that over 90% of
Holocaust in Lithuania ?
- ... that in the 1944 ?
- ... that the ?
- ... that
fall of communism , and both countries now have a strong strategic relationship?
- ... that Polish
People's Republic of Poland ", for criticizing the state in a private letter?
- ... that
Russian Revolution, included a three-year-long school strike against the russification
- ... that ?
- ... that neither the ?
- ... that silva rerum was a type of a multi-generational chronicle, kept by many Polish noble families from the 16th through 18th centuries?
- ... that ?
- ... that the book Fear by Jan T. Gross has been a subject of significant controversy in Poland?
- ... that to preserve national unity,
an uprising ?
- ... that
Stalinist period 1948–1956?
- ... that the ?
- ... that rabbi Dow Ber Meisels of Kraków and Warsaw was a prominent supporter of Polish independence, including both the November and January Uprisings?
- ... that ?
- ... that after agreeing to a
deserters "?
- ... that ?
- ... that
social sciences both in a theoretical literature, and in a practical design of computer user interfaces
- ... that —traces its history to 1960s or earlier?
- ... that the ?
- ... that the
Polish hussars ?
- ... that despite total defeat of the Polish forces in the Mongol invasion of Poland, the Mongols did not occupy the country?
- ... that after the Battle of Chmielnik, a major victory for the Mongols during their invasion of Poland, inhabitants of Kraków abandoned their city?
- ... that the
large massacres of Polish civilians by Nazi Germany ?
- ... that
social movements by their dependence on outside, political factors?
- ... that Polish mountaineer Tadeusz Piotrowski, one of the finest winter mountaineers of the 1970s and '80s, died during descent from K2, after completing the first and only ascent by the "South Face"?
- ... that
Auschwitz Trial ?
- ... that cancer specialist
Polish Righteous ?
- ... that
Polish law ?
- ... that in the aftermath of the Second Partition of Poland in 1793, the Kościuszko Uprising occurred in 1794?
- ... that Three Emperors' Corner is a former tripoint between the Austrian Empire, German Empire and the Russian Empire, created in the late 19th century in the aftermath of the partitions of Poland?
- ... that Nazi Germany used thousands of Polish laborers to build infrastructure for their invasion of the Soviet Union?
- ... that in 1919, Poland resulted in the plan's failure?
- ... that historian Richard C. Lukas estimated that upwards of one million Poles were involved in the rescue of Jews during the Holocaust?
- ... that Mieczysław Jagielski negotiated the agreement which recognized Solidarity as the first independent trade union within the Eastern Bloc?
- ... that
People's Republic of Poland ?
- ... that overchoice refers to the situation where when faced with too many choices, people become indecisive and unhappy?
- ... that
Soviet invasion and ultimately organized the first Polish embassy to the Soviet Union
- ... that
German invasion of Poland in 1939, and died a year later as a Soviet prisoner of war in the Katyn massacre
- ... that after the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk, the Polish II Corps in Russia refused to surrender to the Germans?
- ... that in the
Germanization policies had the opposite effect of strengthening Polish national consciousness?
- ... that out of three
Russian partition was the largest and most populous?
- ... that out of three
Austrian partition had the most local autonomy, but was also the poorest?
- ... that the
Polish-Georgian alliance from being fully implemented?
- ... that the song "
The Red Poppies on Monte Cassino", one of the best-known Polish war songs, was written during the Battle of Monte Cassino
- ... that
endecja movement?
- ... that one of Russia's most famous writers,
Russian autocracy ?
- ... that Czesław Wycech, Polish peasant movement activist, was also involved with underground education in occupied Poland during WWII?
- ... that
socrealism doctrine in Poland ?
- ... that in light of the Nazi Germany attempt to destroy Polish culture, the Secret Teaching Organization created an underground education system with over a million students?
- ... that the
Polish resistance which used it as a source of falsified documents?
- ... that in the ?
- ... that Mykhailo Krychevsky, a respected military commander, switched sides during the Khmelnytsky Uprising, joining the Cossacks, and died soon afterwards in the Battle of Loyew?
- ... that
communist secret police in 1947 and died in prison two years later?
- ... that from 14th to 17th century, the Tęczyński family from Lesser Poland had a major influence in the Kingdom of Poland?
- ... that
Auschwitz ?
- ... that the was probably the largest underground publisher in the world?
- ... that ?
- ... that French submarine Doris was sunk by German submarine U-9 in May 1940, after being ordered to sortie with significant damage, rendering it unable to dive?
- ... that in the Battle of Warsaw in 1705, a Swedish force of 2,000 men defeated a Polish-Lithuanian-Saxonian force five times as strong?
- ... that despite historical border disputes, ?
- ... that Minsk Ghetto was the largest ghetto in the German-occupied territory of the Soviet Union?
- ... that an uprising led by local chapter of the Jewish Combat Organization occurred in the Będzin Ghetto during its final liquidation in early August 1943?
- ... that the most successful of ?
- ... that some ?
- ... that , was so influential that his network was called an "empire" or "state within a state"?
- ... that in the mid-17th century?
- ... that Polish merchant Jan Dekert was a vocal advocate for the enfranchisement of burghers during the Great Sejm in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth?
- ... that American Louis Littlepage had to receive a special permission from the US Congress to serve as a secretary to the last king of Poland, Stanisław August Poniatowski?
- ... that while most praised it for the very same reasons?
- ... that the
Polish II Corps ?
- ... that the
Polish II Corps in World War II?
- ... that Jan Piekałkiewicz, a leading Polish statistician, became the Polish Underground State's Government Delegate, and died at the hands of Nazi Germany?
- ... that
Gazette de Leyde was likely the most important newspaper of the late 18th-century Europe, and the only one read by Louis XVI
- ... that the Black Procession of Polish burghers in 1789 resulted in the passage of the belated major urban reform in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth?
- ... that the 1923 Kraków riot resulted in over 30 fatalities and helped in the fall of the Chjeno-Piast government of Wincenty Witos?
- ... that the study of sociology in China was repressed as a bourgeois pseudoscience during the early communist era?
- ... that the
Środa treasure, one of the most valuable archaeological finds in 20th-century Europe, was originally lost during the Black Plague
- ... that
suppressed in the Soviet Bloc, while flourishing in the West
- ... that the Soviet Peace Committee, a peace movement created and sponsored by the Soviet Union, criticized Western policies but defended Soviet ones?
- ... that
Dartmouth Conferences is one of the longest ongoing bilateral unofficial dialogues between American and Soviet (now, Russian) representatives?
- ... that
Polish law ?
- ... that ?
- ... that Polish historian and socialist activist, Adam Próchnik, was alleged to have been an illegitimate son of the Polish Prime Minister Ignacy Daszyński?
- ... that the architectural style of the
Polish Renaissance period still inspires some contemporary Polish manors?
- ... that while
Venetian–Genoese Wars ?
- ... that ?
- ... that in 1900 alone the Eastern German provinces lost about 1,600,000 people due to Landflucht?
- ... that
Polish territories annexed by Nazi Germany ?
- ... that in the Polish – Muscovite War of 1577–1582, Muscovy failed in its attempt to gain access to the Baltic Sea?
- ... that in 1882, almost a century after the ?
- ... that Kordian, a romantic drama by one of Poland's Three Bards, Juliusz Słowacki, is a polemic with Dziady, an earlier work by another of the Three Bards, Adam Mickiewicz?
- ... that many Jews of the
local arms factory ?
- ... that one of the most notable actions of (Mikołaj Kopernik)?
- ... that the ?
- ... that Wronki Prison is the largest prison in Poland?
- ... that Polish general ?
- ... that the ?
- ... that Sosnowiec Ghetto was the setting of the Maus comic book?
- ... that ?
- ... that the proposed ?
- ... that the
Austro – Hungarian Army, an initiative of Piłsudski
- ... that the ?
- ... that the Jakub Wujek Bible served as the main Catholic Bible translation into Polish for more than three centuries?
- ... that one of the findings of sociology of leisure has been that amount of free time is not significantly dependent on one's wealth?
- ... that ?
- ... that a double-barreled question asks about more than one thing, but allows only one answer?
- ... that ?
- ... that
right handed ones?
- ... that people's veto is a type of a referendum that allows citizens to appeal an existing law?
- ... that Gazette d'Amsterdam was one of the most important European newspapers of the Enlightenment period?
- ... that not all complex questions are informal fallacies?
- ... that Justus van Effen has been recognized as one of the most important Dutch language writers of the eighteenth century and an influential figure of the Dutch Enlightenment?
- ... that the period?
- ... that
Gazette de Leyde, was significantly controlled by the Prussian
- ... that controversies related to the ?
- ... that Haiti economic reforms of 1996 were designed to restore the economy of Haiti after the economic shocks of early 1990s?
- ... that American sociologist ?
- ... that much of the information that reaches , not in the regular press?
- ... that James Morris Blaut's death prevented him from finishing his trilogy of books criticizing Eurocentrism?
- ... that economist
European Miracle ?
- ... that Venezuelan farmer Franklin Brito amputated a finger for the television cameras and died as a result of several years of a hunger strike in protest over a series of court rulings?
- ... that the
Mexican Drug War ?
- ... that proper design of a sampling frame can be crucial in statistical research?
- ... that variables and attributes are some of the most basic concepts in science?
- ... that bivariate analysis is one of simplest forms of quantitative (statistical) analysis?
- ... that interments at the Gunnersbury Cemetery in London include a Polish president and Commander-in-Chief?
- ... that Francesco Nullo is commemorated in both Italy and Poland as a hero of those countries' struggle for independence?
- ... that public perception of
graffiti in New York is slowly changing from an act of vandalism to a form of art
- ... that François Rochebrune, the French commander of the Zouaves of Death, once disciplined panicked Polish troops by asking them what time it was, which was the only Polish he knew?
- ... that Eric Hobsbawm's The Age of Empire: 1875–1914 is a Marxist study of the period of the Belle Époque?
- ... that several ?
- ... that ?
- ... that the Battle of Grochowiska, one of the largest battles of the January Uprising, has been also described as the "most bloody" and a "Pyrrhic victory" for the Polish insurgents?
- ... that the Polish canned fish paste
paprykarz szczeciński was inspired by an African dish?
- ... that, according to the theory of generations, major historical events that occur in a generation's youth, determine the actions they take later in life?
- ... that the authors of the
recent Iranian events could endanger their relatives in Iran
- ... that Polish and Italian prisoners taken by the Russians after the Battle of Krzykawka were deported to Siberia?
- ... that in
world-system theory, sociologists debate whether two world-systems
- ... that scholars estimate that it takes two or three generations for a tradition to emerge?
- ... that Polish poet Juliusz Słowacki is one of the Three Bards of Polish literature?
- ... that the Polish
Catholic character?
- ... that with over 40,000 citations in scientific literature, in the world?
- ... that the Commission for Polish Relief provided limited food and medical supplies to occupied Poland until late 1941, in spite of Britain's 1940 blockade of shipments to Nazi occupied Europe?
- ... that Polish best-selling
removed from distribution and prohibited from printing ?
- ... that in the ?
- ... that in his youth, Karl Marx wrote a comedic novel, Scorpion and Felix?
- ... that about 90% of the world's ?
- ... that the 1833 newspaper Vorwärts!, edited by Karl Marx, has been described as the "most radical" European newspaper of its time?
- ... that the 1997 Central European flood was caused by some of the heaviest rains ever recorded?
- ... that Polish ?
- ... that Władysław Marian Jakowicki, a Polish physician and rector of the Stefan Batory University, was one of 19 faculty members arrested by the Soviets in 1939 and disappeared without a trace?
- ... that
2011 Chinese protests ?
- ... that Émile Durkheim, one of the fathers of sociology, intended The Rules of Sociological Method (1895) to be a manifesto of this discipline?
- ... that ?
- ... that
Timothy D. Snyder, discusses the estimated 14 million deaths that occurred in Eastern Europe
- ... that the adjective "?
- ... that Baron Ludwig von Westphalen was a friend and mentor of young Karl Marx?
- ... that a
1932 German elections ?
- ... that the
Battle of Bzura in 1939?
- ... that in the ?
- 2 hook placeholder
- ... that the Polish faculty expelled by the
- ... that the phenomenon of ?
- ... that the 1945 Augustów roundup which resulted in the disappearance and likely murder of about 600 Polish citizens by the Soviet Union is considered the largest crime committed in Poland after World War II?
- ... that Polish-German "cotton king" Juliusz Karol Kunitzer survived a 1893 assassination attempt, but died during that of 1905?
- ... that during World War II the Polish Teachers' Union was mostly active through the Secret Teaching Organization?
- ... that , was a surprise to both the communists and the opposition?
- ... that the issue of Dominium maris baltici was central to Danish and Swedish foreign policy for several centuries?
- ... that the noted he once ate 18 of them as part of a bet?
- ... that the
aerospace industry ?
- ... that
ebook after a 10-year delay due to fears of litigation?
- ... that the Nigerian
hacktivists ?
- ... that the ?
- ... that Duchy of Opole and Racibórz, one of many Duchies of Silesia, was created in the 13th century, split by the end of it, and recreated in the 16th by the last Piast?
- ... that the figure of
2005 Polish presidential election ?
- ... that the late 19th-century novel
obscene ?
- ... that
People's Republic of Poland ?
- ... that as , demanding better conditions and an amnesty?
- ... that
German invasion of Poland ?
- ... that the official magazine of the Polish Underground State published 80 issues in the dangerous conditions of occupied Poland?
- ... that the World War II idea of
Polish-Czechoslovakian confederation was eventually discarded by the Czechs, whose leader chose instead to believe in the Soviet Union
- ... that the British-supported , but never came to pass?
- ... that Polish Jacobin activist, officer of the Polish Legions, Kazimierz Konopka, gained notoriety for his involvements in the unrest and hangings during the Kościuszko Uprising?
- ... that
Constitution of May 3, 1791 ?
- ... that the
Kościuszko Insurrection ?
- ... that the
Golden Liberties ?
- ... that the reformers of Kołłątaj's Forge popularized the ideals of the French Revolution in the Polish – Lithuanian Commonwealth?
- ... that the Patriotic Party of the late 18th century Great Sejm succeeded in passing one of the first constitutions in Europe influenced by the Enlightenment ideals?
- ... that both the Tarnogród Confederation and the Silent Sejm were engineered by Russian Tsar Peter the Great to strengthen Russia's influence in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth?
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- ... that Tadeusz Rejtan is remembered in Poland for his dramatic gesture as a symbol of patriotism?
- ... that the
Alamo ?
- ... that the same Partition Sejm that acceded to the First Partition of Poland also created the celebrated Commission of National Education, seen as Europe's first ministry of education?
- ... that Prussian Homage by Jan Matejko was among the most wanted Polish paintings searched for by Nazis during World War II?
- ... that the 1773 French satirical drawing of the First Partition of Poland, The Troelfth Cake, was banned in several European countries?
- ... that the report National Science Foundation: Under the Microscope, by US Senator Tom Coburn, has generated controversy for portraying much scientific research as "silly"?
- ... that the ?
- ... that Prussian statesman Georg von Vincke, known as one of the great orators of contemporary German politics, fought a duel with Otto von Bismarck?
- ... that American Sociological Association's annual award in the sociology of education is named after Willard Waller?
- ... that the 2003 historical Chinese TV series of 1989?
- ... that before his death in 2011, Tadeusz Sawicz was believed to have been the last surviving Polish pilot to have fought in the Battle of Britain?
- ... that the reputedly impeccable moral character of Celestyn Czaplic, marshal of the Sejm of 1766 in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, became the subject of a proverb?
- ... that ?
- ... that the in Poland?
- ... that nobleman and diplomat ?
- ... that ?
- ... that Wroniec, a dark fairy tale by Jacek Dukaj, was a taboo-breaking take on martial law in Poland, which was in effect from 13 December 1981?
- ... that Kazimierz Karwowski holds the record for being elected to the most Sejms of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth?
- ... that the ideas of 17th-century Polish reformer Stanisław Dunin-Karwicki have been both praised as the harbinger of later reforms, and criticized for not going far enough?
- ... that Karl Marx's theory of historical trajectory attempted to prove the long-term unsustainability of capitalism?
- ... that the Triple Alliance of 1788, formed on the verge of the French Revolution, almost led to the war which would have pitted England and Prussia against Russia?
- ... that the
totalitarian message, was initially praised both by communist Poland's censors and in North Korea itself?
- ... that Public Domain Day is celebrated on January 1 in several countries, but not in the United States or Australia, where no works will enter the public domain until 2019 and 2026 respectively?
- ... that Prussia refused to meet its obligations from the Polish–Prussian alliance of 1790, and instead of aiding Poland during the Polish–Russian War of 1792, helped Russia to quell the Kościuszko Uprising the following year?
- ... that the figure of Abbé Morio in
Constitution of May 3, 1791 ?
- ... that the ?
- ... that the 1764 Russo-Prussian alliance, formed two years after the signatories clashed in the Seven Years' War, allowed them to intervene in internal matters of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth?
- ... that one of the largest operations of the Combat Organization of the Polish Socialist Party became known as the Bloody Wednesday?
- ... that the exploits of the Polish partisan
propaganda of the People's Republic of Poland ?
- ... that Siedlce pogrom in the Congress Poland was organized by the Russian Empire's secret police, and carried out by the Imperial Russian Army, whose soldiers were later decorated?
- ... that the ?
- ... that
power relationships within it, and how the power shapes the language used?
- ... that Kaytek the Wizard, the second of the novels by Polish author and pedagogue Janusz Korczak to be translated into English, has often been compared to Harry Potter?
- ... that in one of its last acts, the
King of Poland ?
- ... that deputies of the Sejm of the Duchy of Warsaw circumvented the restriction on debating by staying in the chamber after the session officially ended?
- ... that Polish cabaret creator,
homeless ?
- ... that an
unit of administration that predated the first formal Polish state?
- ... that
serfs ?
- ... that Polish writer Łukasz Orbitowski was one of the pioneers of setting horror stories in mundane, modern Polish cities?
- ... that at its extreme, serfdom in Poland required a peasant to work eight days a week for his feudal lord?
- ... that the
Baptism of Poland in 966 led to the emergence of Poland as a proper European state, recognized by other European powers?
- ... that the cute cat theory of digital activism draws a connection between Internet censorship and lolcats?
- ... that
the privileges of Polish nobility were unprecedented in Europe, giving the nobles the right to control most legislation, foreign relations, taxation, elect a king and rebel against him
- ... that
Anonymous ?
- ... that the
Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth army was so underfunded that it was often outnumbered 12 to 1 by neighboring armies?
- ... that Tunisian police officer and whistle-blower Samir Feriani became known as "the first 'Prisoner of Conscience' in post-revolutionary Tunisia"?
- ... that the
Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth ever could for its army
- ... that the
Polish Army for close to a century?
- ... that ?
- ... that depending on a time and place, the same social movement may be revolutionary or not?
- ... that
court jester , is considered one of the most recognized and significant paintings of Poland?
- ... that diplomat Karol Boscamp-Lasopolski was executed by an angry mob during the Kościuszko Uprising?
- ... that Polish historian
PhD degree in modern Europe?
- ... that Ignacy Krasicki's Pan Podstoli (1778) was one of the first Polish novels?
- ... that Jan Matejko created an ironic self-caricature of himself painting one of his works, the Astronomer Copernicus, or Conversations with God ?
- ... that
National Stadium in Warsaw ?
- ... that the 1976 song "Let Poland be Poland" by Jan Pietrzak became one of the anthems of Solidarity?
- ... that Kabaret TEY was one of the most popular Polish cabarets of the 1970s and 1980s?
- ... that the mountain
Low Beskid range is the site of a pond and stream where Saint John of Dukla
- ... that Bajan's list lists the kill scores of Polish fighter pilots of World War II?
- ... that sources give two different commanders for the Polish forces participating in the Battle of Grudziądz?
- ... that one of the most popular Polish cabarets,
People's Republic of Poland ?
- ... that the Cossack
Zhmaylo Uprising ended without a decisive battle having been fought?
- ... that the Battle of Ochmatów in 1644 was one of the largest victories of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth over the Crimean Tatars?
- ... that the
Tatar raiders?
- ... that the Swedes withdrew from the nearly won 1627
Gustav II Adolf ?
- ... that during World War II, British special forces developed an explosive rat booby trap?
- ... that the ruined town of Miedzianka in Poland was a site of a secret Soviet uranium mine?
- ... that a majority of German-Swedish forces in the
Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth Army ?
- ... that the International Sociological Association was established in 1949 under the auspices of UNESCO?
- ... that Stanisław Baranowski Spitsbergen Polar Station is named after the Polish glaciologist Stanisław Baranowski who died in a coma following an accident at the Henryk Arctowski Polish Antarctic Station?
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- ... that Teofila Ludwika Zasławska and her second husband owned Baranów Sandomierski Castle and three other palaces designed by royal architect Tylman van Gameren?
- ... that
People's Republic of Poland ?
- ... that in 1937 the ?
- ... that Władysław Machejek was a political hack writer during the Stalinist reign of terror in Poland following World War II?
- ... that the June 26, 2012, Beijing Treaty on Audiovisual Performances has been criticized by the Electronic Frontier Foundation?
- ... that
social movements ?
- ... that Poczta Królewiecka, published 1718–20 in Królewiec (Königsberg), was the second oldest Polish newspaper?
- ... that
pseudo-science " and banned from the 1930s to the 1950s?
- ... that the Poland–Russia border, now only 232 km (144 mi) long, used to be much longer?
- ... that Albert Einstein's letter to the 1948 World Congress of Intellectuals in Defense of Peace was censored to remove his call for a world government?
- ... that editors and readers?
- ... that
civilizations ?
- ... that CNN International has been accused of suppressing the documentary iRevolution: Online Warriors of the Arab Spring to appease the Bahraini government?
- ... that the ?
- ... that social engagement has been positively linked to health and happiness?
- ... that the enforcement of a 2009 has led to tens of thousands of Koreans being disconnected from the Internet?
- ... that hundreds of thousands of art pieces were ?
- ... that
Falstaff ?
- ... that the recent changes to the copyright law of Panama, introduced as part of the Panama–United States Trade Promotion Agreement, have been criticized by the Electronic Frontier Foundation?
- ... that to seek self-fulfillment is to seek the good life?
- ... that the 82nd Airborne Division participated in two end-of-World War II victory parades, the Berlin Victory Parade of 1945 and the New York City Victory Parade of 1946?
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- ... that 444 years ago, Poland's Royal Posts were entrusted to an Italian banker, Sebastiano Montelupi?
- ... that Poland and Spain had no diplomatic relations following the end of World War II, until two years after general Francisco Franco's death?
- ... that the term
Al Jazeera network on Arab world media has been generalized more globally to other forms of new media
- ... that during the
Sejm of the Land ?
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- ... that in the first half of the 19th century, the
Prussian partition ?
- ... that some conflicts may be beneficial?
- ... that the French author of the World War II ?
- ... that
polonized with time?
- ... that
Sulima Uprising ?
- ... that the Legislative Sejm of 1919–21 was the first national parliament of Poland since 1793?
- ... that Wikipedia is an example of a produsage community?
- ... that the monuments?
- ... that while the roots of the international human rights movement are about a century old, it grew in global significance around the 1970s?
- ... that the South Korean Cyber Terror Response Center raided Korean Google offices over concerns about Google Street View?
- ... that in
communist utopia ?
- ... that
a number of conspiracy theories ?
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- ... that during the
Tatar army about twenty times its own size?
- ... that during the constructed a bridge under the cover of darkness to relocate their camp?
- ... that at the Battle of Dubienka, Tadeusz Kościuszko repulsed an attack from Imperial Russian Army forces five times the size of his own?
- ... that while
relative poverty has recently risen?
- ... that while spending on
OECD countries?
- ... that in January 2013 the cybercrime Virut botnet was partially taken down through the actions of the Polish domain registrar, NASK?
- ... that Michael G. Santos became the first American prisoner to be released from a maximum security facility?
- ... that cultural conflict can lead to ethnic cleansing or wars?
- ... that the
Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth ?
- ... that the humanistic coefficient is a major element in the sociological theory of Florian Znaniecki?
- ... that trade globalization is an economic indicator and one of the measures of economic globalization?
- ... that ?
- ... that hyperconsumerism, "a consumerism for the sake of consuming", refers to consuming goods for non-functional purposes?
- ... that August Agbola O'Browne was the only black participant of the Warsaw Uprising of 1944?
- ... that poverty in Poland is more likely to affect young than old people?
- ... that during the Kościuszko Uprising in 1794, Tadeusz Kościuszko's army successfully defended the Polish capital of Warsaw from forces under Frederick William II of Prussia?
- ... that
social security as a right of all citizens?
- ... that Giedroyc Doctrine, developed by emigree publicist Jerzy Giedroyc in 1970s, shaped the eastern policy of Poland after 1989?
- ... that
computer code in regulating our behavior?
- ... that the testimony of
Auschwitz trials ?
- ... that one of the Easter traditions in Poland includes making and displaying of the Easter palm, the tallest of which can reach over 30 metres (98 ft)?
- ... that smile mask syndrome may affect people whose jobs force them to smile for many hours per day, and is particularly common in Japan and Korea?
- ... that the last Polish ?
- ... that
Kingdom of Poland threw the young Polish realm into chaos?
- ... that after he lost a power struggle?
- ... that consumption of sweetened beverages has been linked to obesity and related health problems?
- ... that ?
- ... that the most common sources of added sugar consumption are sweetened beverages?
- ... that the function of safety-valve institutions such as gambling or pornography is to reduce the tensions in the society?
- ... that late 19th century poverty in Austrian Galicia, punctuated by numerous famines, resulted in millions of migrants and even became proverbial?
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- ... that the soldiers who enlisted in the Polish Armed Forces in the West during WWII were known as "Sikorski's tourists"?
- ... that one of the skyscrapers proposed for the Yongsan Dreamhub in Korea caused controversy over its design reminiscent of the 9/11 events?
- ... that
US Congress resolution calling for it?
- ... that Poland has over 2,000 nature reserves, the first of which were created in the 19th century?
- ... that ?
- ... that Maria Konopnicka's poem Rota became so popular it was seen as unofficial anthem of Poland?
- ... that the Wawel Dragon statue in Kraków, Poland, breathes fire?
- ... that ?
- ... that the short story Janko Muzykant was one of Henryk Sienkiewicz's works mentioned in a speech during his 1905 Nobel Prize in Literature ceremony?
- ... that in 15th century Europe?
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- ... that Christianization of Bohemia in late 9th century was one of the factors leading to the Christianization of Poland a century later?
- ... that publication of one of Adam Mickiewicz's first poems, "Ode to Youth", was delayed due to censorship?
- ... that much of the success of the
Saints Cyril and Methodius ?
- ... that the 2012
political empowerment ?
- ... that the
four year Russo-Turkish War that ended a month later?
- ... that although the 1822
Andreas Vokos Miaoulis ?
- ... that the slapstick joke of slipping on a banana peel might have originated from the perception of those peels as dangerous garbage in 19th-century America?
- ... that scholars are not sure who is portrayed in Rembrandt's painting A Polish Nobleman?
- ... that the Medieval Town of Toruń, one of the World Heritage Sites in Poland, is recognized as an excellent example of a European medieval town?
- ... that the
planned town "?
- ... that the very existence of Mimana state is a major controversy for Korean and Japanese historians?
- ... that the Polish question was a major recurring issue in European diplomacy for well over a century, following the partitions of Poland in the late 18th century?
- ... that the
Thirteen Years' War ?
- ... that Russian television personality Anton Krasovsky caused a controversy in Russia by publicly declaring he is gay?
- ... that ?
- ... that one of the order?
- ... that only two and a half pages survive today of the
Old Polish language ?
- ... that the Polish book
occupied Poland ?
- ... that the inactive Polish
A.B. Dobrowolski Polar Station is still occasionally visited by explorers of the Antarctic?
- ... that dozens of in 1939?
- ... that Testament mój was the poetical testament of Juliusz Słowacki, one of the Three Bards of Polish poetry?
- ... that 1970s ?
- ... that
Korean history ?
- ... that Ryszard Siwiec, protesting the Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia, was the first political protester to commit suicide by self-immolation in Central and Eastern Europe?
- ... that sociologist
ISI Highly Cited database of "highly cited researchers" in the Social Sciences category?
- ... that localization of
Józef Piłsudski Monument in Warsaw has been criticized by its designer?
- ... that ?
- ... that
Polish history ?
- ... that Polish jurist and activist
Polish Legions in Italy ?
- ... that
looted by Nazis ?
- ... that shortly before the First World War,
Slavic states?# ... that
- ... that the
Anti-Superstition and Black Magic Ordinance was recently passed in India following the assassination of its proponent, Narendra Dabholkar
- ... that the ?# ... that
- ... that Polish nationalism is more restrictive in terms of ethnicity and religion than the earlier Polish-Lithuanian identity?# ... that
- ... that actor ?
- ... that
Babylonian Talmud ?
- ... that the Bródno Jewish Cemetery is one of the largest Jewish cemeteries in Europe?
- ... that the
Tęcza in Warsaw has been vandalized several times, most commonly due to anti- LGBT
- ... that a
civil war in Poland gave rise to a proverb about a state of division, disorder and anarchy?
- ... that while international rankings show corruption in Poland as steadily decreasing, over 80% of the Polish public still sees it as a significant problem for the country?
- ... that neither of the principal combatants won the bloody
Polish throne ?
- (12 January 2014) ... that the
People's Republic of Poland ?
- (18 January 2014) ... that the Japanese Shinto shrine Omi Jingu, dedicated to Emperor Tenji, holds karuta and water clock festivals and has been recently popularized by the manga Chihayafuru?
- (20 January 2014) ... that Polish writer
WWII ?
- (24 January 2014) ... that although
Sejm Sermons political treatise was ignored during his lifetime, he was labeled a "patriotic seer" centuries after his death?
- (29 January 2014) ... that imperialism also happens within academia?
- (30 January 2014) ... that the
Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth ?
- (1 February 2014) ... that the Upper Silesian Railway was part of the first rail network connecting Berlin, Vienna, Kraków and Warsaw by the late 1840s?
- (6 February 2014) ... that Polish Jesuit
Lives of the Saints (1579) contained graphic and detailed description of tortures and suffering?
- (8 February 2014) ... that
ancient Mesopotamia ?
- (9 February 2014) ... that delay of the planned restoration of the ruined
Katowice historic train station , which attained monument status in 1975, has led to public protests?
- (10 February 2014) ... that the 13th-century Floriańska Street in Kraków is one of the most prestigious streets in Poland?}
- (15 February 2014) ... that Polish historian
Polish communist authorities, has published over 1,000 works?
- (16 February 2014) ... that South Korea's proposed highest-denomination 100,000-won banknote was cancelled in 2008, since the 19th-century map Daedongyeojido depicted on the note did not portray the Liancourt Rocks?
- (17 February 2014) ... that Zbigniew Bródka, the first Pole to win an Olympic gold medal in men's 1500 metres speed skating, is a professional firefighter?
- (16 March 2014) ... that the canvas of , covers more than 8 square metres (86 sq ft)?
- (20 March 2014) ... that the
subsequent repressions ?
- (20 March 2014) ... that the Szombierki Heat Power Station is considered to be one of the "Seven Architectural Wonders of the Silesian Voivodeship"?
- (9 April 2014) ... that Prussian Fort Srebrna Góra in Poland is a rare example of a surviving 18th-century European mountain stronghold?
- (10 April 2014) ... that because of opposition by it commemorates?
- (14 April 2014) ... that the death of ?
- (19 April 2014) ... that pointy ears are a common characteristic of numerous races in the fantasy genre?
- (19 April 2014) ... that the 1911 American caricature of capitalism, , is based on a 1900 Russian work?
- (15 May 2014) ... that the
2014 Ukrainian revolution , according to the BBC?
- (16 May 2014) ... that ecological-evolutionary theory posits that level of technology is the key factor in whether societies flourish or perish?
- (19 May 2014) ... that the ?
- (25 May 2014) ... that the Poland–Ukraine border, the most often crossed eastern border of the European Union, is also a major smuggling route?
- (7 June 2014) ... that The Polish Peasant in Europe and America has been called a "neglected classic" of American empirical sociology?
- (11 June 2014) ... that the Germany–Poland border after WWII mostly follows the Oder–Neisse line, dividing several towns?
- (12 June 2014) ... that Polish-American philosopher and sociologist Florian Znaniecki coined the terms culturalism and humanistic coefficient?
- (2 July 2014) ... that the Polish resistance stole over a million US dollars in młynarki, a currency named after Polish economist Feliks Młynarski?
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- (8 July 2014) ... that officially reported unemployment in Poland rose from near zero in 1989 to over 13% in 2012?
- (9 July 2014) ... that the 2014
Korea Queer Culture Festival was disrupted by anti-LGBT, conservative Christian demonstrators?
- (14 July 2014) ... that the Counter-Reformation in Poland concluded successfully with the Repnin Sejm of 1768, which abolished legal discrimination against religious dissidents?
- (24 July 2014) ... that the play Golgota Picnic has been the target of protests by conservative Christian groups in France and Poland?
- (25 July 2014) ... that the trilingual 14th-century Sankt Florian Psalter contains one of the oldest texts in Polish?
- (7 September 2014) ... that the 1911 book
social sciences ?
- (12 September 2014) ... that Jan Matejko (self-portrait pictured), one of the most famous Polish painters, transported arms to the insurgents' camp during the January Uprising of 1863?
- (28 September 2014) ... that the size of its automotive industry makes Poland the second largest producer of light vehicles in Central and Eastern Europe?
- (17 October 2014) ... that the 2014 Internet Slowdown Day (logo pictured) has been compared to the Internet Blackout Day of 2012?
- (17 October 2014) ... that poor education and an immature pension system are contributing to high levels of poverty in Cyprus?
- (19 October 2014) ... that the first Wikipedia Monument in the world will be unveiled in Słubice, Poland, in late October 2014?
- (19 October 2014) ... that Florian Znaniecki was the founder of sociology in Poland?
- (30 October 2014) ... that the first president of Poland, Gabriel Narutowicz, was assassinated five days after taking office, amidst a right-wing propaganda campaign accusing him of being "an atheist, a Freemason, and a Jew"?
- (1 November 2014) ... that Jeremi Wiśniowiecki (pictured) was one of the wealthiest magnates of Poland and Lithuania, ruling over 200,000 subjects living on estates in what is today Ukraine?
- (17 December 2014) ... that the temporary removal of
Polish-American community?
- (21 December 2014) ... that the Inglehart–Welzel cultural map of the world groups countries into nine cultural clusters?
- (22 December 2014) ... that Kolejka, a popular Polish educational board game about shortages in the communist shortage economy, has itself been in short supply?
- (28 December 2014) ... that ?
- (28 January 2015) ... that although
modern slavery is still a concern?
- (18 March 2015) ... that during the Września children strike of 1901–04, ethnic Polish schoolchildren were flogged for protesting against religious instruction in German?
- (15 April 2015) ... that the ?
- (16 May 2015)... that 'Gellner's theory has been called "the best-known modernist explanatory theory of nationalism"?
- (23 May 2015) ... that six members of the Polish-Ruthenian noble Szeptycki family were bishops, some Eastern Catholic and one Roman Catholic?
- (2 June 2015) ... that the Seoul slum of Guryong lies across the street from the luxurious Dogok-dong district?
- (22 June 2015) ... that André Langrand-Dumonceau, a mid-19th-century Belgian financier, was convicted of financial fraud, tried in absentia, and died in exile?
- (1 July 2015) ... that the "P"-badge for Polish forced laborers was the first official, public badge introduced by Nazi Germany, preceding the "Jewish yellow star" by over a year?
- (8 August 2015) ... that South Korea has introduced ?
- (19 November 2015) ... that Vietnamese people in Poland, significantly composed of illegal immigrants, are one of the largest ethnic group minorities in Poland?
- (29 December 2015) ... that with the recent Korean textbook controversy, South Korea has been perceived as losing its moral high ground in regard to its criticism of the perceived problems with Japanese history textbooks?
- (24 January 2016) ... that American sociologist Salvatore Babones specializes in topics related to the world system and China?
- (29 February 2016) ... that during the Cold War, American intelligence tricked Soviet nuclear researchers into working on a nonsensical meson bomb?
- (3 March 2016) ... that the web series Go Princess Go has been cut by about a third by Chinese censors concerned about its themes of sex and time travel?
- (27 April 2016) ... that one of the claims of ?
- (9 June 2016) ... that one of the key elements of political globalization is the decreasing role of the nation-state and the rise of global civil society?
- (18 June 2016) ... that the concept of lost sales used by the content industry assumes that if pirated products were not available, people would buy them at market rate?
- (11 July 2016) ... that the significant gender inequality in South Korea is illustrated by a Global Gender Gap Report indicator which shows that South Korean women earn on average about 55% of what men earn?
- (11 August 2016) ... that environmental activists might might be opposed to economic globalization, but advocate environmental globalization?
- (8 November 2016) ... that the author of Progress: Ten Reasons to Look Forward to the Future argues we are living in a golden age?
- (9 November 2016) ... that the peak farmland theory predicts that global acreage of farmland will decrease, even as the world population grows?
- (14 November 2016) ... that the One Piece Treasure Cruise mobile game has been one of the highest grossing titles in Japan and the US?
- (24 December 2016) ... that most modern nutcracker dolls are not functional, but merely decorative?
- (4 January 2017) ... that the 1936 Korean novel Sangnoksu has been made into two films?
- (14 January 2017) ... that it was not illegal to possess or use cannabis in Poland until 1997?
- (16 January 2017) ... that the Rifa-e-Aam Club in Lucknow was open to everybody at a time when British clubs excluded Indians?
- (21 January 2017) ... that the South Korea Improper Solicitation and Graft Act counts private teachers and journalists among the ranks of public officials?
- (8 February 2017) ... that freedom of the press in South Korea has declined since 2010?
- (24 February 2017) ... that the majority of people seeking refugee status in Poland are citizens of the former Soviet Union?
- (23 March 2017) ... that Izydor Borowski was born in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth but later rose to the rank of general in Qajar Iran?
- (31 March 2017) ... that two major landmarks of Gwanghwamun Plaza in central Seoul are the statue of King Sejong and the statue of Admiral Yi Sun-sin?
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- (5 June 2017) ... that a post-apocalyptic, cyberpunk vision of Earth, incorporates hypertext and 3D-printable models of its characters?
- (18 June 2017) ... that one of the reasons for the ?
- (2 July 2017) ... that in 2013, Poland became the world's largest producer of mead made according to traditional methods?
- (6 July 2017) ... that elevated parks are becoming more common, inspired by the success of New York's High Line?
- (8 July 2017) ... that Janina Goss has been described as the "power behind the throne" in modern Polish politics?
- (18 July 2017) ... that disclosure of
government transparency activists?
- (25 August 2017) ... that the , and outright ransacking?
- (5 September 2017) ... that
gothic Lolita fashion fans?
- (24 September 2017) ... that the Kraków Fire of 1850 destroyed approximately 10% of the city?
- (20 November 2017) ... that the Marshall Islands Nuclear Claims Tribunal ran out of funds in 2009?
- (25 December 2017) ... that one-quarter of respondents to a 2016 survey of Europeans said they had re-gifted their Christmas presents to someone else?
- (20 April 2018) ... that Russia's ?
- (22 April 2018) ... that Polish Jewish communist activist Eliezer Gruenbaum wrote a memoir about his experiences as a kapo in the Auschwitz concentration camp?
- (24 April 2018) ... that the 2015 Ukrainian decommunization laws mandate removing communist-era monuments, and renaming places named after communist themes?
- (12 May 2018) ... that Spring is Coming coming was the first South Korean musical performance in the North in over a decade, and was attended by North Korean leader Kim Jong Un?
- (27 June 2018) ... that in his 2002 book
- (17 July 2018) ... that the 1944
US State Department officials of willfully obstructing attempts to rescue Holocaust refugees?
- (4 August 2018) ... that Maria and Bogdan Kalinowski were recognized as the most avid filmgoers in Poland, having seen more than 13,000 movies together?
- (1 September 2018) ... that Wieluń, Poland, became the first city to sustain major damage and casualties from German bombing in World War II?
- (7 September 2018) ... that the surrender of the Polish garrison at the Battle of Westerplatte on 7 September 1939 ended what has been described as the opening battle of World War II?
- (13 September 2018) ... that the Hanbo scandal, one of South Korea's largest corruption cases, involved presidential aides, a former minister, and top banking executives?
- (4 October 2018) ... that the Furgate scandal in the late 1990s, described as one of the largest in South Korea, involved influence peddling through the giving of luxury items?
- (31 October 2018) ... that The Hexer, the first attempt to portray The Witcher universe in film, was "crushed by the reviewers and laughed out by fans", and has since been described as "the film we all want to forget"?
- (21 November 2018) ... that before becoming a Yad Vashem historian, Shmuel Krakowski worked for Polish communist intelligence and security organizations?
- (26 November 2018) ... that the concept of an ethnographic group is more commonly found in Soviet and post-Soviet, rather than Western, scholarly works?
- (10 December 2018) ... that Chinese film director Lü Ban was banned from film-making for life for his satirical comedies, the last of which, also banned, discussed the topic of film censorship?
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- (13 January 2019) ... that the Swiss-German spy Carmen Mory, later a Nazi concentration camp kapo, was described as a "third-rate Mata Hari"?
- (10 February 2019) ... that the 1954 social psychology book The Nature of Prejudice is considered a classic that defined the field of intergroup relations?
- (27 February 2019) ... that the 1945 Bierut Decree nationalized all land in the Polish capital of Warsaw after the city's destruction by the Nazis?
- (12 March 2019) ... that the Eiss Archive is composed of materials that document the rescue of Jews threatened by the Holocaust through the efforts of Polish diplomats?
- (19 March 2019) ... that the reversal of post-World War II nationalization in Poland resulted in considerable amounts of chaos and fraud?
- (31 March 2019) ... that in 1905, three days of violence in Warsaw were possibly sparked by a Bund activist trying to save his sister from sexual slavery?
- (10 April 2019) ... that Alfons Zgrzebniok commanded the first two of the three Silesian Uprisings?
- (11 April 2019) ... that journalist Roman Sushchenko was named by the European Parliament as one of 30 Ukrainian citizens illegally detained or imprisoned in Russia?
- (22 April 2019) ... that the 1996 video game
cult classic in Poland?
- (29 April 2019)) ... that a book-length interview with Stanisław Lem was subject to cuts due to censorship in Communist Poland?
- (3 May 2019) ... that Polish nun and supercentenarian Maria Roszak was named a Righteous Among the Nations for helping shelter Jewish refugees during the Holocaust?
- (4 May 2019) ... that
the Mongol invasion was likely the most devastating event for 13th-century Lithuania?
- (8 May 2019) ... that the mecha dieselpunk art of Polish painter Jakub Różalski has inspired a board game, a video game, a short film, and a book anthology?
- (25 May 2019) ... that a classic example of
abolition of slavery ?
- (10 June 2019) ... that the International Day Against DRM, organized by the Defective by Design initiative, has been observed since 2006?
- (12 June 2019) ... that the fictional character Jakub Wędrowycz—an exorcist, drunkard, moonshine producer, and poacher—is one of the icons of Polish pop culture?
- (14 June 2019,) ... that the book The Expanding Circle bridged sociobiology and ethics, discussing how humans have used reason to expand their moral considerations from family and tribe to the entire of society?
- (25 July 2019) ... that Samuel Adalberg, pioneer of Polish paremiology, committed suicide upon learning of the Germans' plans to construct the Warsaw Ghetto?
- (3 August 2019) ... that the
communist crimes ?
- (11 August 2019) ... that ?
- (15 August 2019) ... that Polish colonel Andrzej Marecki was one of the victims of the controversial 1943 Gibraltar B-24 crash?
- (21 August 2019) ... that Polish philosopher and World War II resistance member Jan Gralewski likely died in the controversial 1943 Gibraltar B-24 crash?
- (3 September 2019) ... that in some Polish homes, an image of a Jew holding a coin hangs to the left of the doorway, and is customarily turned upside down on the Sabbath so that good fortune may fall upon the household?
- (8 September 2019) ... that the prisoners of war massacre in Ciepielów is the most infamous instance of the war crimes of the Wehrmacht committed during the invasion of Poland?
- (20 September 2019) ... that Polish resistance member Alicja Iwańska became an academic and compared political, religious, and racial persecution in Europe to U.S. segregation restrictions?
- (28 September 2019) ... that in the Zambrów massacre, during the September 1939 invasion of Poland, German Wehrmacht soldiers murdered more than 200 Polish prisoners of war?
- (2 October 2019) ... that drunk driving is among the most common alcohol-related crimes in the United States?
- (23 October 2019) ... that Józefa Joteyko believed that wages should be based upon scientific research and the amount of effort required to do a job, rather than arbitrary factors like gender?
- (28 October 2019) ... that Turkish correspondent Pelin Ünker' is the only journalist in the world sentenced for writing about the Paradise Papers investigation?
- (1 November 2019) ... that Swedish sociologist Ulf Himmelstrand has been called the "father of sociology in Nigeria"?
- (18 November 2019) ... that Japanese fighter ace Naoshi Kanno, credited with 25 confirmed kills, appears in the anime Drifters?
- (26 November 2019) ... that Reuben Hill is considered the "founding father" of the sociology of the family discipline?
- (30 November 2019) ... that following the defense of Katowice on 4 September 1939, dozens of defenders, including a number of Polish Boy and Girl Scouts, were summarily executed?
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- (3 December 2019) ... that the Polish–Bohemian War of 990 resulted in Poland taking control of Silesia?
- (5 December 2019) ... that the otherwise inconclusive Polish–Bohemian War of 1345–1348 cemented Bohemian control of Silesia?
- (11 December 2019) ... that A Stanislaw Lem Reader showcases the work of one of the most widely read science fiction writers, including interviews on the relation of literature to philosophy and science?
- (28 December 2019) ... that the Enlightenment concept of doux commerce suggests that commerce civilizes people and can even eliminate violence?
- (29 December 2019) ... that Michler's Palace, a townhouse destroyed in the Warsaw Uprising, is remembered for a wartime song named after it?
- (29 December 2019) ... that Polish courtier and writer Krzysztof Warszewicki was a respected orator who spoke at the funerals of Catherine, queen consort of Poland, and Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor?
- (30 December 2019) ... that medical scholar Ronald Grossarth-Maticek directed a long-term study involving 30,000 people from 18,000 households, spanning more than 20 years?
- (1 January 2020) ... that The J. R. R. Tolkien Encyclopedia was published before the copy-editing process was completed?
- (15 January 2020) ... that the Polish publishing house WSiP had a monopoly on textbook publishing from the 1950s to 1989?
- (31 January 2020) ... that the song Toss a Coin to Your Witcher from the Netflix television show The Witcher became a viral hit within days of the series' release?
- (2 February 2020) ... that the mobile game Bleach: Brave Souls features story arcs from the manga Bleach that did not appear in its anime adaptation, including the unaired final arc?
- (25 March 2020) ... that Cecylia and Maciej Brogowski, a Polish Catholic couple, were posthumously recognised as Righteous Among the Nations for having sheltered a Jewish girl during the Holocaust?
- (28 April 2020) ... that
war crimes ?
- (29 April 2020) ... that the
Hellenistic statue in Rome on which anonymous postings were made?
- (13 May 2020) ... that
ethnographic study of the culture of Wikipedia
- (17 May 2020) ... that the book
The Forgotten Holocaust: The Poles Under German Occupation, 1939–1944 resulted in a series of reviews and letters that were described as "particularly vicious"?
- (26 May 2020) ... that readings of
Jedwabne massacre , have been picketed by the book's opponents?
- (5 June 2020) ... that the veterinarian Janina Oyrzanowska-Poplewska, whose work led to the creation of the first Polish canine distemper vaccine, has been honored as a Righteous Among the Nations?
- (13 June 2020) ... that a proposed Jewish unit in the Polish Armed Forces in the Soviet Union was described as a "moral victory" for Nazism?
- (17 June 2020) ... that the drama The Undivine Comedy has been recognized as one of the most significant works of literature of the Polish Romantic period?
- (3 July 2020) ... that the book The Polish Underground and the Jews, 1939–1945 has been praised for bridging widely different views of the Polish resistance found in Jewish and Polish historiographies?
- (7 July 2020) ... that railway sabotage during World War II was one of the most common forms of resistance against German occupation?
- (10 July 2020) ... that during World War II, Polish-Jewish economist
occupied Poland ?
- (11 July 2020) ... that
Polish Jews who became communists and were later "demonized" as part of the Żydokomuna
- (14 July 2020) ... that a report by Chinese journalist Chen Jieren on university students turning to prostitution to pay for their tuition fees sparked a major debate about prostitution in China?
- (16 July 2020) ... that to bypass censorship in Poland, some authors turned to self-censorship, Aesopian language, and the Polish underground press?
- (28 July 2020) ... that the 1990 Message from Turnberry issued by NATO has been called the "first official recognition of the end of the Cold War"?
- (30 July 2020) ... that the 1994 video game Kajko i Kokosz, the first based on [[Kajko and Kokosz|the Polish comic book series of the same name, was not playtested, and the initial release had to be recalled and replaced?
- (31 July 2020) ... that Irena Sawicka, a Polish archeologist, educator and communist activist, helped Jews during the Holocaust and perished in the Warsaw Uprising?
- (4 August 2020) ... that Polish boxer Tadeusz Pietrzykowski is best known for his string of victories in Nazi concentration camps?
- (13 August 2020) ... that the video game Iron Harvest, set in a 1920+ alternate universe inspired by the Polish–Soviet War, has a dieselpunk and mecha theme?
- (24 August 2020) ... that the Żegota Monument in Warsaw was unveiled by Władysław Bartoszewski, the last surviving member of Żegota, an organization dedicated to rescuing Jews during the Holocaust?
- (26 August 2020) ... that during WWII?
- (31 August 2020) ... that Kurier Litewski was the first periodical newspaper of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and retained the Lithuanian state name until 1840, despite the final partition of the Commonwealth in 1795?
- (2 September 2020) ... that during World War II, the Polish-Jewish
Nazi ghettos in occupied Poland?
- (4 September 2020) ... that by the time it closed this year, KissAnime was described as the world's most popular illegal anime streaming site?
- (6 September 2020) ... that the 1998 books , calling it a "handbook of hate" and "nine parts fable"?
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- (15 September 2020) ... that Polish children's author Maria Kownacka wrote for an underground children's magazine during the Warsaw Uprising?
- (20 September 2020) ... that the 1997 Polish box-office-hit comedy Szczęśliwego Nowego Jorku criticizes Polish and American myths such as the American Dream?
- (24 September 2020) ... that Zofia Poznańska, cipher clerk to the Red Orchestra espionage group, was captured in Belgium by the Abwehr in 1941 and hanged herself in prison in 1942?
- (4 November 2020) ... that four justices dissented in the verdict of the European Court of Human Rights case concerning the Katyn massacre, calling it a denial of justice and a failure of conscience?
- (10 November 2020) ... that works of fiction can describe both the near and far future?
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- (15 November 2020) ... that the early French science-fiction novel
Memoirs of the Year 2500 was one of the most popular titles of the 18th century, despite being banned by the Holy See and the Inquisition
- (11 December 2020) ... that Condescending Wonka is one of the most popular internet memes?
- (15 January 2021) ... that The
Gospel of Afranius, a 1995 Russian novel and polemic challenging an American evangelical apologist
- (3 February 2021) ... that
Live from Golgotha has been called a "masterpiece of blasphemous vulgarity"?
- (18 February 2021) ... that the Ćmielów Porcelain Works are Poland's oldest porcelain works, and Europe's largest thin-walled-china works?
- (7 March 2021) ... that the 1959 short story Now: Zero, while sharing some concepts with the popular 2003 manga Death Note, has been described as one of J. G. Ballard's weakest works?
- (10 March 2021) ... that Arthur C. Clarke's short story Time's Arrow from 1950 predicted that paleontologists may learn about dinosaurs by analyzing their footprints before the method was implemented in real science?
- (10 March 2021) ... that the board game Glory to Rome, despite being well-received, led to its publisher's bankruptcy in the mid-2010s and has been out of print since?
- (18 March 2021) ... that the publication of A Companion to J. R. R. Tolkien in 2014 by Wiley-Blackwell has been described as proof that Tolkien had finally attained acceptance by the literary establishment?
- (18 April 2021) ... that the , has been described as possibly "the richest ancient shipwreck yet discovered"?
- (30 April 2021) ... that the 1975 book Fighting Auschwitz: The Resistance Movement in the Concentration Camp was the first work to discuss in detail the story of the resistance's founder, Witold Pilecki?
- (3 May 2021) ... that a report by
The Auschwitz Volunteer: Beyond Bravery ?
- (5 May 2021) ... that eight-year-old Róża Maria Goździewska was "the youngest child nurse" in the Warsaw Uprising?
- (24 May 2021) ... that bishop Adam Naruszewicz was a prominent writer of the Polish Enlightenment, and one of the first modern historians of Poland?
- (31 May 2021) ... that some Polish military cooperatives, formed to provide supplies to service personnel at low prices, issued their own coins?
- (7 June 2021) ... that the proverb "speech is silver, silence is golden" has been attributed to "wise men of old", and traced to Arabic texts more than a millennium old?
- (28 June 2021) ... that the largest dictionary of the Polish language is 50 volumes long?
- (7 July 2021) ... that neither holochess (dejarik) nor sabacc, two games invented for the Star Wars films, have a definitive ruleset despite several real-world licensed releases?
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- (21 July 2021) ... that during the 1940 Bloody Wednesday of Olkusz, all the male inhabitants of the occupied Polish town, Jews and non-Jews alike, were subjected to hours of abuse by German soldiers?
- (10 August 2021) ... that The Greenwood Encyclopedia of Science Fiction and Fantasy contains an idiosyncratic selection of topics, from "Aliens in Space" to "Rats and Mice"?
- (14 August 2021) ... that the vandalism and eventual removal of the statue of Ivan Konev in Prague has negatively impacted recent Czech Republic–Russia relations?
- (15 August 2021) ... that Zygmunt Krasiński, one of Poland's Three Bards, published most of his works anonymously and was known as the Anonymous Poet of Poland?
- (16 August 2021) ... that the 2015 video game Worlds of Magic, intended as a spiritual successor to the classic game Master of Magic, failed to impress most reviewers?
- (19 August 2021) ... that although its publisher Dark Horse Comics is American, a significant proportion of artists involved with the comic book series The Witcher have been Polish?
- (26 August 2021) ... that the death of Uyghur writer Nurmuhemmet Tohti has been linked to mistreatment in the Xinjiang internment camps, a claim China denies?
- (31 August 2021) ... that the vast majority of fiction, including science fiction, takes place on Earth?
- (2 September 2021) ... that DOMELRE was the first domestic electrical refrigerator in America?
- (22 September 2021) ... that there are tens of thousands of Polish proverbs, the oldest known of which dates to the year 1407?
- (24 September 2021) ... that rockets are one of the classic methods of space travel in science fiction?
- (26 September 2021) ... that Poles who fought in the Russian Partition during the January Uprising were detained as political prisoners in Magdeburg and Graudenz, Prussia, even though the uprising never crossed the border?
- (27 September 2021) ... that while The Gods from Outer Space, based on Erich von Däniken's theories about the ancient astronauts, has eight volumes, only four were published in English?
- (30 September 2021) ... that criticism of armchair theorizing in anthropology has resulted in scholars "coming down off the verandah"?
- (11 October 2021) ... that academese has been criticized for being unnecessarily complex and in extreme cases, purposefully discriminating and obfuscating?
- (30 October 2021) ... that Kaczyzm is a pejorative term describing the political ideology of Polish politicians Lech and Jarosław Kaczyński and their Law and Justice party?
- (7 November 2021) ... that while the Empire of Japan did not actively participate in the Holocaust, they were found to have committed holocausts of their own?
- (30 November 2021) ... that the Franco-Belgian comic book Hans had its title changed in Poland due to lingering ill-feeling toward Germany?
- (30 December 2021) ... that Chninkel, a Franco-Belgian comic mixing Tolkien-like fantasy with Biblical themes, has been translated into several languages?
- (30 January 2022) ... that Historia narodu polskiego, the first modern history of Poland, was never finished but was highly influential on emerging Polish historiography?
- (1 March 2022) ... that the concept of hyperspace, primarily known through its use in science fiction, originated from and is still occasionally used in scholarly works?
- (8 May 2022) ... that Ukrainian science fiction and fantasy is written both in Ukrainian and Russian?
- (17 May 2022) ... that Easter in Poland was considered to be an important patriotic holiday during the country's period of Partitions?
- (9 July 2022) ... that Alfons Koziełł-Poklewski, dubbed the "vodka king of Siberia", was actually Polish?
- (13 July 2022) ... that the first time The Witcher universe was portrayed outside the novels was in the 1993–1995 Polish comic book series of the same name?
- (14 July 2022) ... that The Lord of the Ice Garden, a Polish novel series mixing elements of fantasy and science fiction, has been compared to The Witcher?
- (19 August 2022) ... that the main activity of the short-lived parliament of Central Lithuania of 1922 was to request annexation by Poland?
- (28 August 2022) ... that as the reality of Venus's harsh surface conditions became known from the mid-20th century, the early tropes of adventures in Venusian tropics gave way to more realistic stories?
- (7 September 2022) ... that the Polish science fiction novel Extensa marked the growing recognition of its writer, Jacek Dukaj, in Poland?
- (6 October 2022) ... that independent media and scholars estimate that thousands might have perished in the Yarkand Massacre in 2014?
- (16 October 2022) ... that the 1944 Story of a Secret State was one of the first book accounts of the German occupation of Poland, including the Holocaust in Poland?'
- (21 October 2022) ... that the best novel of American science fiction author
Garrett Smith did not appear as a stand-alone book until over 60 years after his death?
- (13 January 2023) ... that the Detached Unit of the Polish Army is often described as the first Allied partisan unit of World War II?
- (22 January 2023) ... that in Freedom & Civilization, an anthropological analysis of the concept of freedom, Bronisław Malinowski argues for the creation of a world government?
- (2 February 2023) ... that members of Lego fandom not only design their own sets but also engage in cosplay?
- (11 February 2023) ... that Lewis Fry Richardson's Statistics of Deadly Quarrels suggested that the establishment of a world government might end wars?
- (13 March 2023) ... that the discovery of anthropologist Bronisław Malinowski's diary after his death sparked what was called "a moral crisis of the discipline"?
- (21 March 2023) ... that Nobel laureate Czesław Miłosz described the 16th-century play The Dismissal of the Greek Envoys by Jan Kochanowski as the finest specimen of Polish humanist drama?
- (30 March 2023) ... that Jan Kochanowski's Fraszki is a 16th-century collection of almost 300 poems, ranging from anecdotes and epitaphs to obscenities and erotica?
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