Willits, California
Willits, California | ||
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Top: Masonic Temple (left) and Gateway to the Redwoods (right); Carnegie Library (left) and Mendocino County Museum (right). | ||
FIPS code 06-85600 | | |
GNIS feature ID | 1652654[3] | |
Website | cityofwillits |
Willits (formerly Little Lake and Willitsville) is a city in
An arch stands in the center of Willits featuring the slogans "Gateway to the Redwoods" and "Heart of Mendocino County".[6] The arch is the repurposed second version of the Reno Arch. Reno donated the arch to Willits in 1995.[7]
History
Hiram Willits arrived from Indiana in 1857 to settle in the Little Lake Valley.[8] Kirk Brier founded the settlement on Willits' land.[5] Willits was originally called "Willitsville".[5] Later, when the post office opened in 1861, it was called "Little Lake".[5] The name changed to Willits in 1874.[5] The community incorporated in 1888.[5]
Little Lake was the scene of a legendary feud between the Frost and Coates families. The Frost family supported the Confederacy during the American Civil War, and the Coates family supported the Union. Both families were passionate in their beliefs. On October 16, 1867, Election Day, the long-running feud came to a head. A brawl turned into a shootout in front of Baechtel's store, leaving Abraham Coates, Henry Coates, Albert Coates, Thomas Coates and Elisha Frost dead on the street. Three others were wounded.[9]
In 1879, three men were charged with
Willits became a boomtown due to the tanbark industry.[13] The 1970s "back to the land" homesteading movement paved the way for Willits' reputation as the solar capital of the world in the 1980s.[13]
The Willits area is the final home of the racehorse Seabiscuit. Ridgewood Ranch, where Seabiscuit trained, recuperated, lived out his retirement and was buried, is located a few miles south of the city.[14]
Hexavalent chromium pollution and cleanup
Beginning in 1996, the city and many residents became embroiled in lawsuits against the
Geography
Located at the center of Mendocino County in the Little Lake Valley, Willits is 23 miles (37 km) north of
According to the
Climate
Under the Köppen climate classification Willits has a dry-summer subtropical or mediterranean climate.[20]
The mountains to the west along with a significant influence of mild Pacific air cause Willits to have a cool winter and hot day/cool night summer climate. Average January temperatures range from 32 to 55 °F (0 to 13 °C). Average July temperatures range from 47 to 85 °F (8 to 29 °C). There are an average of 26.9 days with highs of 90 °F (32 °C) or higher, and an average of 95.1 days with lows of 32 °F (0 °C) or lower. The record maximum temperature was 112 °F (44 °C) on July 24, 1902, and the record minimum temperature was 5 °F (−15 °C) on December 9, 1972.[21]
Annual precipitation averages 49.23 inches (1,250 mm).[22] The wettest “rain year” on record was from July 1903 to June 1904 with 86.60 inches (2,199.6 mm) and the driest from July 1990 to June 1991 with 28.08 inches (713.2 mm).[21] The most precipitation in one month was 31.41 inches (797.8 mm) in December 1964. The most precipitation in 24 hours was 8.80 inches (223.5 mm) on December 22, 1964. There are an average of 94.8 days with measurable precipitation.[21][22]
There are occasional snowfalls in Willits each year, with an average of 3.6 inches (0.091 m) of snow annually. The most snow in one month was 20.0 inches (0.51 m) in December 1964.[21]
Climate data for Willits, California, 1991–2020 normals, extremes 1902–2012 | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °F (°C) | 77 (25) |
84 (29) |
90 (32) |
98 (37) |
100 (38) |
105 (41) |
112 (44) |
107 (42) |
105 (41) |
102 (39) |
90 (32) |
85 (29) |
112 (44) |
Mean maximum °F (°C) | 66.8 (19.3) |
71.4 (21.9) |
75.1 (23.9) |
82.0 (27.8) |
88.0 (31.1) |
93.5 (34.2) |
97.2 (36.2) |
97.3 (36.3) |
96.0 (35.6) |
89.0 (31.7) |
75.5 (24.2) |
65.1 (18.4) |
100.4 (38.0) |
Mean daily maximum °F (°C) | 53.7 (12.1) |
56.3 (13.5) |
59.0 (15.0) |
61.8 (16.6) |
68.9 (20.5) |
75.5 (24.2) |
83.5 (28.6) |
83.3 (28.5) |
81.9 (27.7) |
72.4 (22.4) |
59.9 (15.5) |
53.0 (11.7) |
67.4 (19.7) |
Daily mean °F (°C) | 43.5 (6.4) |
45.2 (7.3) |
47.3 (8.5) |
49.5 (9.7) |
54.6 (12.6) |
59.9 (15.5) |
65.8 (18.8) |
64.5 (18.1) |
62.0 (16.7) |
54.6 (12.6) |
47.6 (8.7) |
42.6 (5.9) |
53.1 (11.7) |
Mean daily minimum °F (°C) | 33.3 (0.7) |
34.1 (1.2) |
35.5 (1.9) |
37.3 (2.9) |
40.2 (4.6) |
44.2 (6.8) |
48.0 (8.9) |
45.6 (7.6) |
42.1 (5.6) |
36.9 (2.7) |
35.3 (1.8) |
32.3 (0.2) |
38.7 (3.7) |
Mean minimum °F (°C) | 22.8 (−5.1) |
23.7 (−4.6) |
26.3 (−3.2) |
27.1 (−2.7) |
30.8 (−0.7) |
35.3 (1.8) |
39.2 (4.0) |
38.1 (3.4) |
33.2 (0.7) |
27.4 (−2.6) |
23.9 (−4.5) |
20.8 (−6.2) |
18.8 (−7.3) |
Record low °F (°C) | 12 (−11) |
13 (−11) |
19 (−7) |
20 (−7) |
21 (−6) |
20 (−7) |
25 (−4) |
29 (−2) |
20 (−7) |
17 (−8) |
13 (−11) |
5 (−15) |
5 (−15) |
Average precipitation inches (mm) | 9.17 (233) |
8.63 (219) |
7.07 (180) |
3.44 (87) |
1.78 (45) |
0.50 (13) |
0.04 (1.0) |
0.05 (1.3) |
0.37 (9.4) |
2.57 (65) |
5.77 (147) |
9.84 (250) |
49.23 (1,250.7) |
Average snowfall inches (cm) | 0.1 (0.25) |
0.4 (1.0) |
0.3 (0.76) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
trace | 0.8 (2.01) |
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.01 in) | 15.9 | 12.8 | 13.4 | 10.6 | 6.2 | 1.9 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 1.1 | 6.1 | 12.2 | 14.0 | 94.8 |
Average snowy days (≥ 0.1 in) | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.5 |
Source 1: NOAA (snow/snow days 1981–2010)[22][23] | |||||||||||||
Source 2: National Weather Service (mean maxima/minima 1981–2010)[21] |
Demographics
Census | Pop. | Note | %± |
---|---|---|---|
1860 | 431 | — | |
1870 | 946 | 119.5% | |
1880 | 153 | −83.8% | |
1890 | 815 | 432.7% | |
1900 | 791 | −2.9% | |
1910 | 1,153 | 45.8% | |
1920 | 1,468 | 27.3% | |
1930 | 1,424 | −3.0% | |
1940 | 1,625 | 14.1% | |
1950 | 2,691 | 65.6% | |
1960 | 3,410 | 26.7% | |
1970 | 3,091 | −9.4% | |
1980 | 4,008 | 29.7% | |
1990 | 5,027 | 25.4% | |
2000 | 5,073 | 0.9% | |
2010 | 4,888 | −3.6% | |
2020 | 4,988 | 2.0% | |
2022 (est.) | 4,968 | [24] | −0.4% |
U.S. Decennial Census[25] 1870 Census[26] |
Racial and ethnic composition | 2000[27] | 2010[28] | 2020[29] |
---|---|---|---|
White (non-Hispanic) | 78.14% | 71.36% | 62.35% |
Hispanic or Latino (of any race) | 14.69% | 20.62% | 24.42% |
Two or more races (non-Hispanic)
|
2.72% | 2.86% | 6.4% |
Native American (non-Hispanic) | 2.68% | 3.01% | 3.49% |
Asian (non-Hispanic)
|
1.12% | 1.29% | 1.8% |
Black or African American (non-Hispanic)
|
0.47% | 0.65% | 0.8% |
Other (non-Hispanic) | 0.14% | 0.1% | 0.62% |
Pacific Islander (non-Hispanic) | 0.04% | 0.1% | 0.12% |
2010 Census data
The
The Census reported that 4,794 people (98.1% of the population) lived in households, 52 (1.1%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 42 (0.9%) were institutionalized.[31]
There were 1,914 households, out of which 667 (34.8%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 693 (36.2%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 320 (16.7%) had a female householder with no husband present, 143 (7.5%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 163 (8.5%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 11 (0.6%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. 609 households (31.8%) were made up of individuals, and 281 (14.7%) had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.50. There were 1,156
The population dispersal was 1,270 people (26.0%) under the age of 18, 412 people (8.4%) aged 18 to 24, 1,191 people (24.4%) aged 25 to 44, 1,273 people (26.0%) aged 45 to 64, and 742 people (15.2%) who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37.8 years. For every 100 females, there were 90.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 85.1 males. There were 2,073 housing units at an average density of 739.5 units per square mile (285.5 units/km2), of which 843 (44.0%) were owner-occupied, and 1,071 (56.0%) were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 2.5%; the rental vacancy rate was 4.3%. 2,215 people (45.3% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 2,579 people (52.8%) lived in rental housing units.[31]
2000 Census data
As of the
There were 1,935 households, out of which 35.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 40.2% were married couples living together, 17.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 36.4% were non-families. 30.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.56 and the average family size was 3.15.[citation needed]
In the city, the population dispersal was 29.2% under the age of 18, 8.5% from 18 to 24, 25.9% from 25 to 44, 22.6% from 45 to 64, and 14.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 90.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 86.6 males. The median
Economy
Major employers in Willits include the
Arts and culture
Willits High School is located on the north end of Willits. The North County Center of Mendocino College is also in Willits.
Every July, Willits hosts the Frontier Days & Rodeo, the oldest continuous rodeo and Independence Day celebration in California. It is also home to the Roots of Motive Power Locomotive Museum,[34] the Mendocino County Museum, and the Willits Center for the Arts.
Government
Willits uses a council–manager form of government with a city council consisting of five council members. As of December 2022, the current mayor of Willits is Saprina Rodriguez.[35]
In the state legislature, Willits is in
Federally, Willits is in California's 2nd congressional district, represented by Democrat Jared Huffman.[38]
Media
Willits is served by local and regional newspapers as well as a low-power community radio station. The community radio station is KLLG, operated out of the Little Lake
Infrastructure
Transportation
Willits is the eastern terminus of the
The Amtrak Thruway 7 bus provides daily connections to/from Willits (with a curbside stop at 298 East Commercial Street), Martinez to the south, and Arcata to the north. Additional Amtrak connections are available from Martinez station.[44]
Willits Municipal Airport (also known as Ells Field) is a public general aviation airport with one runway, located 3 miles (4.8 km) northwest of the city.[45]
U.S. Route 101 is the major highway through the Little Lake Valley, passing just east of the Willits city limits, connecting Eureka to the north and San Francisco to the south. State Route 20 forks off of US 101 at a point just south of Willits, enters the city on South Main Street, and then heads west, running parallel to and several miles south of the Skunk Train's route, to Fort Bragg. To reduce traffic congestion in the city, especially on all of Main Street, the Willits Bypass project opened to traffic on November 3, 2016, despite the controversy related to its route through protected wetlands.[46]
Notable people
Some notable names from Willits include Judi Bari, labor leader and environmental activist, who fought to save the redwoods. Over 1,000 people attended her Willits funeral in 1997. Tré Cool, drummer for Green Day, lived in Willits during his teen years in the 1980s. Mona Gnader, the bass player for Sammy Hagar, also resided in Willits. Stagecoach bandit Charles Bolles (a.k.a. Black Bart) stole multiple Wells Fargo boxes and mail from stagecoaches traveling through Willits.[47]
Phil Jordon, the first National Basketball Association player ever to have played prep basketball in the Redwood Empire area (coastal Northern California & coastal Southern Oregon), did so while at Willits High School.[48]
Edith Ceccarelli, once the oldest person in the United States, was born in Willits.[49]
See also
References
- ^ "California Cities by Incorporation Date". California Association of Local Agency Formation Commissions. Archived from the original (Word) on February 21, 2013. Retrieved August 25, 2014.
- ^ a b "2021 U.S. Gazetteer Files: California". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved July 28, 2022.
- ^ a b c d 1652654
- ^ a b "P1. Race – Willits city, California: 2020 DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171)". U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved July 28, 2022.
- ^ ISBN 1-884995-14-4.
- ^ "City History Archives". thecityofwillits.com. June 30, 2005. Archived from the original on December 15, 2016. Retrieved October 27, 2017.
- ^ "Reno Arch history downtown". newtoreno.com. Retrieved July 3, 2011.
- ^ Hogle, Gene. NAC Green Book of Pacific Coast Touring (1931), National Automobile Club, p.45
- ISBN 1-884995-42-X
- ISBN 978-0806125107
- ISBN 1-884995-54-3
- ^ San Francisco Call - August 6, 1899
- ^ a b "Willits History – Visit Willits, California". visitwillits.com. Retrieved May 29, 2022.
- ISSN 0458-3035. Retrieved November 11, 2018.
- ^ Lazarus, David (March 31, 2000). "A Town Diseased and Torn / Willits split on whether illnesses are due to chemicals left by shuttered plant". The San Francisco Chronicle.
- ^ Interim Remedial Action for Chromium Contaminated Ground Water (PDF) (Report). Jacobson James and Associates, manager of Willits Environmental Remediation Trust. March 2003.
- ^ "Work Plans for Supplemental Injections" (PDF). Jacobson James and Associates, manager of Willits Environmental Remediation Trust. October 23, 2009.
{{cite journal}}
: Cite journal requires|journal=
(help) - ^ Williams, Linda (October 12, 2012). "Remco lawsuit nearing an end". The Willits News.
- ^ "Trail Map". The Great Redwood Trail. Retrieved May 29, 2022.
- ^ Data, US Climate. "Climate Willits - California and Weather averages Willits". www.usclimatedata.com. Retrieved November 11, 2018.
- ^ a b c d e "NOAA Online Weather Data – NWS Eureka". National Weather Service. Retrieved May 6, 2023.
- ^ a b c "U.S. Climate Normals Quick Access – Station: Willits 1 NE, CA (1991–2020)". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved May 6, 2023.
- ^ "U.S. Climate Normals Quick Access – Station: Willits 1 NE, CA (1981–2010)". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved May 6, 2023.
- ^ "Census.gov: American Community Survey 2022".
- ^ "Census of Population and Housing". Census.gov. Retrieved June 4, 2015.
- ^ "Census of Population and Housing" (PDF). Census.gov.
- ^ "2000: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171)". US Census Bureau.
- ^ "2010: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171)". US Census Bureau.
- ^ "2020: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171)". US Census Bureau.
- ^ "2010 Census Interactive Population Search: CA - Willits city". U.S. Census Bureau. Archived from the original on July 15, 2014. Retrieved July 12, 2014.
- ^ a b c d "American Fact Finder - Results". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 12, 2020. Retrieved April 16, 2015.
- ^ "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved January 31, 2008.
- ^ Private-sector employers - Mendocino County
- ^ "Roots of Motive Power | Railroad & Logging Museum - Willits, CA". Roots Of Motive Power. Retrieved November 11, 2018.
- ^ "City Council - Willits, CA - Official Website". City of Willits. Retrieved December 23, 2021.
- ^ "Senators". State of California. Retrieved March 10, 2013.
- ^ "Members Assembly". State of California. Retrieved March 2, 2013.
- ^ "California's 2nd Congressional District - Representatives & District Map". Civic Impulse, LLC. Retrieved March 1, 2013.
- ^ "The Mendocino Voice | Useful news, for all of Mendocino".
- ^ "The Willits News".
- ^ "Willits Weekly".
- ^ Willits Depot
- ^ People, Parks & Fire exhibit at the National Association for Interpretation Conference in Virginia Beach, Virginia in November, 2002 Archived February 20, 2013, at the Wayback Machine
- ^ https://amtraksanjoaquins.com/route-7/
- ^ "Ells Field-Willits Muni". Federal Aviation Administration. Retrieved April 16, 2015.
- ^ "Caltrans Ordered to Stop Work on Willits Bypass". KGO-TV. June 20, 2014. Retrieved July 30, 2014.
- ^ "Robberies - Dates and Places". www.blackbart.com. Archived from the original on June 7, 2007.
- ^ Barber, Phil (August 14, 2013). "Redwood Empire's forgotten NBA big man". Santa Rosa Press Democrat. Archived from the original on March 3, 2016. Retrieved October 5, 2020.
- ^ "At 113, she's California's oldest native. She got through a tough 2020 and is still going strong". Los Angeles Times. February 21, 2021. Retrieved November 24, 2023.