1875 in science
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The year 1875 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below.
Chemistry
- Hermann Emil Fischer.[4]
- Swiss chocolatier Daniel Peter working with Henri Nestlé's company perfects a method of manufacturing milk chocolate using condensed milk.[5]
Earth sciences
- March – Challenger expedition first records Challenger Deep.
Genetics
- Francis Galton publishes The History of Twins, as a criterion of the relative powers of nature and nurture.[6]
Medicine
- March 1 – The Hospital for Sick Children (Toronto) is founded in Canada.
- The weekly medical journal, Deutsche Medizinische Wochenschrift, is established in Germany by Paul Börner.[7]
Metrology
- May 20 – International Bureau of Weights and Measures established by signature of the Metre Convention in Paris.
Awards
- August Wilhelm Hofmann[8]
- Wollaston Medal for geology: Laurent-Guillaume de Koninck
Births
- January 10 – Issai Schur (died 1941), Belarusian-born Jewish mathematician
- January 14 – Albert Schweitzer (died 1965), German-born French medical missionary
- February 4 – Ludwig Prandtl (died 1953), German physicist
- March 14 – botanist and plant geneticist
- June 20 – Reginald Punnett (died 1967), English geneticist
- June 28 – Henri Lebesgue (died 1941), French mathematician
- July 26 – Carl Jung (died 1961), Swiss psychiatrist
- September 11 – Edith Humphrey (died 1978), English chemist
- October 23 – Gilbert N. Lewis (died 1946), American chemist; first to isolate deuterium
- November 12 – Stanislaus von Prowazek, born Stanislav Provázek (died 1915), Bohemian parasitologist
Deaths
- February 22 – Charles Lyell (born 1797), Scottish-born geologist
- February 28 – Robert Willis, English mechanical engineer, phonetician and architectural historian (born 1800)
- March 7 – taxonomist
- March 31 – Friedrich Julius Richelot (born 1808), German mathematician
- April 11 – Heinrich Schwabe (born 1789), German astronomer
- October 2 – Petrache Poenaru (died 1799), Romanian inventor
- October 19 – inventor
- November 27 – Richard Carrington (born 1826), English astronomer
References
- .
- .
- ISBN 0-19-284100-9.
- ^ Fischer, E. (1875). "Ueber aromatische Hydrazinverbindungen" [On aromatic hydrazine compounds.] Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 8:589-594.
- ISBN 978-1-84973-411-0.
- ^ Fraser's Magazine 12: 566-76.
- PMID 10576968.
- ^ "Copley Medal | British scientific award". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 23 July 2020.