1981 Canada Cup

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1981 Canada Cup
Tournament details
Host country Canada
Venue(s)4 (in 4 host cities)
DatesSeptember 1–13, 1981
Teams6
Final positions
Champions  Soviet Union (1st title)
Tournament statistics
Games played18
Goals scored128 (7.11 per game)
Attendance158,594 (8,811 per game)
Scoring leader(s)Canada Wayne Gretzky (12 pts)
MVPSoviet Union Vladislav Tretiak
← 1976
1984 →

The 1981

Soviet Union defeated Canada in a single game final to win its first title by the score of 8–1. Soviet goaltender Vladislav Tretiak was named most valuable player. Canada's Wayne Gretzky
led the tournament in scoring with 12 points.

This second edition of the

invasion of Afghanistan and Canada's boycott of sporting events with the Soviet Union as a result. When finally held in 1981, tournament organizer Alan Eagleson
speculated it could be the last such event due to rising costs and disappointing attendance. Eagleson generated additional controversy when he refused to allow the Soviets to take the Canada Cup trophy with them to the Soviet Union.

Organization

At its congress in the summer of 1978, the International Ice Hockey Federation approved proposals to hold the second and third Canada Cup tournaments in 1979 and 1982.[1] However, tensions between Canada's rival governing bodies, the Canadian Amateur Hockey Association (CAHA) and Hockey Canada, increased after the latter body accused the CAHA of reneging on promises it had made regarding Hockey Canada's control of international events involving professional players.[2] Hockey Canada's chief negotiator for international events, Alan Eagleson, accused the CAHA of attempting to sabotage the Canada Cup and threatened to cancel the tournament if the CAHA refused to compromise with his body.[3]

The tournament was put in further jeopardy in January 1979 when General Motors withdrew as a major sponsor; Eagleson argued GM withdrew as a result of the dispute with the CAHA.[4] The disputes put the two bodies on the verge of severing all ties, a move that would have led to Hockey Canada refusing to release any professional or university player to any of Canada's national teams.[5] The tournament was ultimately postponed by a year until September 1980.[6]

The

National Hockey League Players Association (NHLPA) would participate in such an event.[9]

Undaunted, Eagleson and IIHF president Günther Sabetzki announced that the tournament had again been rescheduled for September 1981.[10] This time, the tournament went ahead as scheduled.

Teams

See also: 1981 Canada Cup rosters

The

Soviet Union treated the 1976 Canada Cup with disdain, but entered this tournament intent on re-asserting themselves following their upset loss to the United States at the 1980 Winter Olympics.[11] They were led by the "KLM Line" of Vladimir Krutov, Igor Larionov, and Sergei Makarov on offence, as well as Viacheslav Fetisov and Alexei Kasatonov on defence, with the venerable Vladislav Tretiak in goal.[12] Featuring a strong mixture of veterans and young players, the Soviets entered the tournament as favourites.[11]

Canada brought a considerably younger team to the 1981 Canada Cup compared to their 1976 entry. Three defencemen – Ray Bourque, Paul Reinhart, and Craig Hartsburg – were under the age of 22, while 20-year-old Wayne Gretzky was expected to be the offensive catalyst.[13] Gretzky's pairing with Guy Lafleur and Gilbert Perreault was highly anticipated[14] (and they would combine with each other on 22% of Team Canada's goals), while the New York Islanders quartet of Mike Bossy, Bryan Trottier, Butch Goring, and Clark Gillies were also expected to be offensive leaders.[13]

With 17 National Hockey League (NHL) players on their roster, Sweden felt confident they could upset the Soviet Union and Canada by utilizing a system of strong team play.[15] Kent Nilsson (coming off a 131-point season for the Calgary Flames), Thomas Steen, Ulf Nilsson, and Börje Salming were expected to be the team's leaders.[16] With only five returning players from 1976 – when they reached the finals – and hurt by the defections of the Šťastný brothers (Peter, Marián and Anton) to Canada, the Czechoslovakian team entered the tournament in the midst of a rebuilding phase and were not considered contenders in 1981.[17]

The Americans, riding high following their gold medal victory at the 1980 Olympics, were considered capable of potentially upsetting the stronger teams in the tournament.

Neil Broten, Dave Christian, Steve Christoff, Mark Johnson, Rob McClanahan, and Ken Morrow) were expected to lead the United States.[19] Tony Esposito was the American goaltender for the tournament; he had represented Canada at the 1972 Summit Series, but gained his American citizenship in time to represent his new nation.[18] As in 1976, Finland was expected to finish last in the six-team tournament despite the fact that the Finnish hockey association considered the team sent to Canada among the best their nation had assembled.[20]

Games

Round robin

The tournament opened on September 1 at Northlands Coliseum in Edmonton as the Americans defeated a disorganized Swedish team, 3–1. Swedish coach Anders Parmström, upset at how his team underestimated the Americans, sat several of his top players for extended periods of the third period.[21] At the Winnipeg Arena, a young Czechoslovak team battled the Soviet Union to a 1–1 draw in a game marked by rough play. The Soviets were forced to rely on the stellar goaltending of Vladislav Tretiak to preserve the tie.[22] In the third game of the opening day, Canada's "dream line" of Gretzky, Lafleur and Gilbert Perreault combined for ten points as Canada easily defeated Finland 9–0. The second line of Gillies, Trottier and Bossy also combined to score ten points in the game.[23]

Finland fared little better against Czechoslovakia two nights later, dropping a 7–1 result. Finnish goaltender

power play goals in a 6–3 loss.[25] Canada then defeated the United States, 8–3, in a game that was played much closer than the score indicated. The Americans appeared to be headed to a draw with Canada as the two teams were tied at three with nine minutes to play before a power play goal by Mike Bossy sparked a five-goal outburst for the Canadians in the dying minutes of the game.[26]

The Soviets then avenged their 1980 Olympic defeat to the United States with a 4–1 win,[27] while the Swedes defeated Finland 5–0.[28] Ending the third night of play, Czechoslovakia was able to overcome a late two-minute, two-man disadvantage to emerge with a 4–4 tie against Canada in a game that was described as the best of the tournament.[29] Canada then defeated Sweden 4–3, but not before losing Perrault to a broken ankle. Perrault was Canada's leading scorer over the first four games and was considered a contender to be named most valuable player at the time of his injury.[30] The United States then overcame an early two-goal deficit against the Czechs to win 6–2 while the Soviets easily defeated Finland 6–1[31]

The final night of round robin play opened with a meaningless game between the United States and Finland. The Americans had already advanced to the playoff round while Finland had been eliminated. The game ended in a 4–4 draw and was most notable for Montreal Forum staff accidentally playing the Italian national anthem instead of the Finnish anthem prior to the start of the game.[32] The Czechs then easily defeated Sweden, 7–1, to advance to the playoff round and eliminate the Swedes.[33] Canada and the Soviet Union closed out the round robin with a battle for first place. A five-goal outburst by Canada in the third period broke a 2–2 tie and sent Canada into the playoffs as the top ranked team. Their 7–3 win was the most lopsided victory Canada had recorded against the Soviets in 20 years.[34]

Semi-finals

As the top team in the playoff round, Canada faced the fourth place Americans in the first semi-final. Talk entering the game revolved around the defensive style of the United States and whether they could overcome Canada's offensive game and upset the favoured nation in a one-game, winner-take-all scenario.[35] Early play favoured Canada, as they opened the scoring 2:01 into the game on a goal by defenceman Brian Engblom, then extended their lead five minutes later when a long shot by Bossy eluded Esposito in the American goal. Another goal by Bossy saw Canada end the first period with a 3–0 lead. The remaining 40 minutes of the game lacked emotion, and the two teams traded goals for a 4–1 Canadian victory.[36]

The second place Soviet Union faced third ranked Czechoslovakia in the second semi-final. Soviet coach

Viktor Tikhonov was agitated following his nation's 7–3 defeat to Canada to end the round robin, while the Czechs had grown increasingly confident of their ability as the tournament progressed.[37] It was the Soviets, however, who scored three first period goals to take an early 3–0 lead. The young Czechoslovakian team pressured their opponents for much of the final 40 minutes, outshooting the Soviets 23–11 in the second and third periods combined. Tretiak withstood the pressure in the Soviet goal, however, allowing only one goal as the Soviet Union emerged with a 4–1 victory.[38]

Final

Canada entered the final facing pressure to defeat the Soviets. The Soviet national team's easy victory over the National Hockey League's all-stars in the 1979 Challenge Cup left the Canadians searching to regain command of their rivalry with the Soviets. Coach Scotty Bowman called it a "must win game" for Canada: "We really are favorites in the final. Nobody in this country will tolerate a loss."[36] The players also spoke of their desire to show the Soviets that they were the world's top hockey nation.[39] But also the Soviet Union was under pressure, as their most desirable trophy, the Olympic gold medal, had been denied them by the United States Amateur team, during the 1980 Winter Olympics at Lake Placid. During their pre-game preparations, Tikhonov called upon his team to play the finest games of their lives: "Today you got to play so well that the entire Canadian population will talk about you afterwards and remember you for a long time. Play so well that the Canadian fans when they will leave Forum will wait for you when you get on the bus after the game and admire you."[40]

Canada held the early advantage of play, outshooting the Soviets 12–4 in the first period as their opponent was unable to generate offence. But that's a North American perspective of the game of Ice Hockey, to shoot the puck across the blue line. The Soviets instead passed the puck sideways, to a player coming from behind with higher speed, which requires an exceptional interaction.

natural hat trick, and the Soviets scored three goals in the final four minutes to claim the championship by an 8–1 score.[42]

Canadian goaltender Mike Liut became the scapegoat for Canada's embarrassing loss.[44] The game was one of the worst of his career,[42] but Canada managed only four shots in the third period and never threatened the Soviets even though they entered the final 20 minutes down by only two goals.[44] Tretiak, meanwhile, was named the tournament most valuable player on the strength of his goaltending throughout the event.[45]

Legacy

The fate of the championship trophy itself was the subject of controversy after Canadian hockey officials accompanied by Montreal Police prevented the Soviet team from taking the trophy back to the Soviet Union.[46] As he took the Cup from the Soviets at the airport, Eagleson claimed that the trophy was intended to remain in Canada at all times.[47] The decision upset the Soviets who claimed that Eagleson's decision was made "in violation of the traditions existing at international competitions".[48] George Smith, a truck driver from Winnipeg, organized a fundraising campaign that raised enough money to create a replica trophy that was gifted to Soviet officials at their Canadian embassy. Soviet officials praised the sportsmanship of the Canadian people as they accepted the replica.[49] The replica was made despite a threatened lawsuit for copyright infringement by Hockey Canada president Lou Lefaive, but he later said, "If someone wants to send $11,000 worth of nickel to Moscow that's not my business."[50]

Tournament organizer

Allan Eagleson, lamenting the rapidly increasing costs of hosting such an event, speculated that the 1981 Canada Cup could be the last. Noting that some costs had increased up to 200% over what was paid in 1976, Eagleson speculated that a third Canada Cup might have to be held in a different format.[51] Organizers were also disappointed in tournament attendance. The two games scheduled to be held in Quebec City were transferred to Ottawa after only 300 tickets were pre-sold for the round robin game between Czechoslovakia and Sweden and 1,000 for the semi-final game.[52] Low ticket sales also led to fears that the games scheduled for Winnipeg would also be moved,[53] but the investments the television partners had made in rental equipment to broadcast the games from Winnipeg prevented a switch.[54] Adding to Eagleson's woes, Toronto Maple Leafs owner Harold Ballard refused to allow any games to be held in Maple Leaf Gardens as a result of his hatred of the Soviet Union.[54]

Strong support in Montreal,

National Hockey League Players Association pension fund, one third that of the 1976 tournament.[54] Shortly after the tournament ended, Eagleson confirmed he intended to hold a third Canada Cup. He noted that Canada's loss in the final played a role in his decision: "As far as I am concerned personally, it's probably preferable that we lost. I think if we had won, I'd have said, 'To hell with it'."[44]

Round-robin standings

Team Pld W D L GF GA GD Pts
 Canada 5 4 1 0 32 13 +19 9
 Soviet Union 5 3 1 1 20 13 +7 7
 Czechoslovakia 5 2 2 1 21 13 +8 6
 United States 5 2 1 2 17 19 −2 5
 Sweden 5 1 0 4 13 20 −7 2
 Finland 5 0 1 4 6 31 −25 1
Source: [citation needed]

Game scores

Round-robin

September 1, 1981United States 3–1
( 2–0, 0–1, 1–0 )		 SwedenNorthlands Coliseum, Edmonton
Attendance: 6,721
Tony EspositoGoaliesPeter Lindmark
Larson (Dunn) – 7:221–0
Christian (Gorence, Dunn) – 12:182–0
2–125:47 – Gradin (Kallur, Jonsson)
O'Connell – 44:393–1
16 minPenalties12 min
24Shots29
September 1, 1981Soviet Union 1–1
( 0–0, 1–1, 0–0 )		 CzechoslovakiaWinnipeg Arena
Attendance: 3,516
Vladislav TretiakGoaliesKarel Lang
0–121:57 – Nový (Richter, Dudáček)
Drozdetsky (Maltsev) – 29:341–1
14 minPenalties12 min
18Shots30
September 1, 1981Canada 9–0
( 1–0, 5–0, 3–0 )		 FinlandNorthlands Coliseum, Edmonton
Attendance: 8,991
Mike LiutGoaliesMarkus Mattsson
Bossy (Gillies, Trottier) – (PP) 16:431–0
Gretzky (Lafleur, Perreault) – 21:502–0
Bourque (Lafleur, Perreault) – 25:323–0
Gare (Perreault, Gretzky) – 32:254–0
Bossy (Trottier, Gainey) – 38:465–0
Gretzky (Lafleur, Perreault) – 39:546–0
Trottier (Bossy, Gillies) – 40:487–0
Goring (Potvin) – 43:188–0
Gillies (Duguay, Trottier) – 47:569–0
8 minPenalties6 min
42Shots24
September 3, 1981Finland 1–7
(1–2, 0–0, 0–5)		 CzechoslovakiaNorthlands Coliseum, Edmonton
Attendance: 5,103
Hannu LassilaGoaliesKarel Lang
0–110:46 (PP) – Richter
0–215:49 – Lála (Kokrment)
Hagman (Siltanen) – 16:491–2
1–341:35 – Hořava (Nový, Richter)
1–445:13 – Kral (Penicka, Lála)
1–547:38 – Kadlec (Hajdusek, Kokrment)
1–649:45 (PP) – Lála (Kokrment, Kadlec)
1–753:31 – Rusnák (Chalupa)
10 minPenalties10 min
17Shots53
September 3, 1981
Fetisov)
Molin – (SH) 50:563–4
3–555:28 – Maltsev (Pervukhin
3–657:25 (PP) – Krutov (Makarov, Kasatonov)
18 minPenalties14 min24Shots34
September 3, 1981
Trottier (Gillies, Bossy)
3–856:40 – Perreault (Hartsburg, Bourque)
10 minPenalties14 min31Shots36
September 5, 1981Sweden 5–0
(1–0, 0–0, 4–0)		 FinlandWinnipeg Arena
Attendance: 3,698
Peter LindmarkGoaliesHannu Lassila
Hedberg (U. Nilsson, Helander) – 3:461–0
Kallur (Gradin, K. Nilsson) – 46:092–0
U. Nilsson (Molin, Hedberg) – 48:213–0
Kallur (Salming, Håkansson) – 50:404–0
Lundholm (Sundström, Andersson) – 57:575–0
12 minPenalties16 min
32Shots28
September 5, 1981
Fetisov) – 22:52
2–1
Krutov (Makarov, Babinov) – 23:553–1
Golikov (Drozdetsky) – 48:074–1
10 minPenalties8 min33Shots25
September 5, 1981
Dudacek (Svoboda
) – 55:21		4–4
14 minPenalties10 min29Shots33
September 7, 1981Sweden 3–4
(0–2, 1–1, 2–1)		 CanadaMontreal Forum
Attendance: 11,603
Peter LindmarkGoaliesMike Liut
0–13:57 – Potvin (Lafleur, Perreault)
0–25:29 – Bossy (Bourque)
Hedberg (Lindmark) – 29:571–2
1–331:51 – Lafleur (Gretzky, Bourque)
Hedberg (Salming, Lindgren) – 45:502–3
2–446:55 – Perreault (Lafleur)
Kallur (Gradin) – 49:223–4
6 minPenalties2 min
16Shots33
September 7, 1981
Fetisov (Kasatonov, Krutov) – (PP) 57:36
5–1
Zhulktov – (SH) 58:236–1
20 minPenalties14 min31Shots24
September 7, 1981
Pasek, Chalupa) – 20:35
2–0
2–125:07 – Eaves (Howe, Langevin)
2–237:16 – Talafous (Christoff, Broten)
2–340:23 – Talafous (Langway, Christoff)
2–440:41 – Eaves, Johnson, Howe)
2–545:01 (PP) – Dunn (Larson, Eaves)
2–645:20 – Miller (Eaves, Johnson)
12 minPenalties14 min27Shots25
September 9, 1981Finland 4–4
(1–1, 1–2, 2–1)		 United StatesMontreal Forum
Attendance: 9,412
Hannu LassilaGoaliesSteve Baker
Siltanen (Hagman, Kurri) – 16:131–0
1–116:52 – Broten (O'Connell, Christoff)
1–222:39 – Broten (Talafous, Christoff)
Porvari (Jalonen, Rautakallio) – 30:232–2
2–337:47 – Gorence (Miller, Howe)
2–441:41 – Miller (O'Connell, Christoff)
Kiimalainen (Ruotsalainen, Leinonen) – 42:193–4
Javanainen (Sevon) – 48:384–4
4 minPenalties6 min
22Shots46
September 9, 1981
Rusnak (Pouzar
)
10 minPenalties13 min33Shots29
September 9, 1981
Fetisov, Kasatonov
)
16 minPenalties10 min33Shots23

Semi-finals

September 11, 1981
Lala (Dvorak
) – 47:39		1–4
10 minPenalties12 min27Shots24
September 11, 1981United States 1–4
(0–3, 1–0, 0–1)		 CanadaMontreal Forum
Attendance: 15,660
Tony EspositoGoaliesMike Liut
0–12:01 – Engblom (Gainey, Goring)
0–27:27 – Bossy (Robinson, Trottier)
0–317:54 – Bossy (Potvin, Trottier)
Eaves (Johnson, Dunn) – (PP) 39:341–3
1–452:18 – Dionne (Gretzky, Lafleur)
8 minPenalties14 min
17Shots23

Final

September 13, 1981
Skvortsov (Vasiliev
) – 59:19		8–1
12 minPenalties12 min26Shots27

Statistical leaders

Scoring

Player Team GP G A Pts PIM
Wayne Gretzky  Canada 7 5 7 12 2
Mike Bossy  Canada 7 8 3 11 2
Bryan Trottier  Canada 7 3 8 11 6
Guy Lafleur  Canada 7 2 9 11 0
Alexei Kasatonov  Soviet Union 7 1 10 11 8
Gilbert Perreault  Canada 4 3 6 9 0
Sergei Makarov  Soviet Union 7 3 6 9 0
Sergei Shepelev  Soviet Union 7 6 2 8 4
Vladimir Krutov  Soviet Union 7 4 4 8 10
Viacheslav Fetisov  Soviet Union 7 1 7 8 10

Goaltending

Player Team GP Min W L T SO SV% GAA
Vladislav Tretiak  Soviet Union 6 360 5 0 1 0 .947 1.33
Karel Lang  Czechoslovakia 6 341 2 2 2 0 .894 2.35
Mike Liut  Canada 6 360 4 1 1 1 .867 3.17
Peter Lindmark  Sweden 4 208 1 2 0 1 .888 3.17
Tony Esposito  United States 5 300 2 3 0 0 .872 3.80
Minimum 120 minutes played

Awards

Recipient Team
Most Valuable Player
Vladislav Tretiak  Soviet Union
All-Star team
G – Vladislav Tretiak
  Soviet Union
D – Arnold Kadlec
  Czechoslovakia
D – Alexei Kasatonov
  Soviet Union
F – Mike Bossy  Canada
F – Gilbert Perreault  Canada
F – Sergei Shepelev  Soviet Union

See also

References

Notes
  1. ^ "Canada Cup returns next year and there'll be another in 1982". Montreal Gazette. July 8, 1978. p. 39. Retrieved July 26, 2010.
  2. ^ "Fisher joins furore over Canada Cup". Montreal Gazette. December 14, 1978. p. 27. Retrieved July 26, 2010.
  3. ^ "Canada Cup in jeopardy". Montreal Gazette. December 12, 1978. p. 63. Retrieved July 26, 2010.
  4. ^ "Canada Cup suffers as sponsor quits". Montreal Gazette. January 24, 1979. p. 22. Retrieved July 26, 2010.
  5. ^ "Hockey Canada, CAHA close to severing ties". Montreal Gazette. January 27, 1979. p. 51. Retrieved July 26, 2010.
  6. ^ Cole, Glenn (February 13, 1979). "Series not complete loss if we learned something". Montreal Gazette. p. 17. Retrieved July 26, 2010.
  7. ^ "Canada Cup series preparations go on despite controversy". Montreal Gazette. January 24, 1980. Retrieved July 26, 2010.
  8. ^ "Eagleson for Cup cancellation". Montreal Gazette. April 30, 1980. p. 17. Retrieved July 26, 2010.
  9. ^ Pelletier, 2003, p. 53
  10. ^ "Canada Cup in September after five-year absence". Montreal Gazette. January 22, 1981. p. 37. Retrieved July 26, 2010.
  11. ^ a b Fisher, Red (August 29, 1981). "Soviets stronger than ever". Montreal Gazette. p. 20. Retrieved August 13, 2010.
  12. ^ Pelletier, 2003, p. 56
  13. ^ a b Pelletier, 2003, p. 54
  14. ^ Cole, Glenn (August 29, 1981). "Gretzky, Lafleur team up on a million-dollar line". Montreal Gazette. p. 20. Retrieved August 13, 2010.
  15. ^ "Swedes think they can win because of tight team play". Montreal Gazette. August 29, 1981. p. 20. Retrieved August 13, 2010.
  16. ^ Pelletier, 2003, p. 58
  17. ^ "Czechoslovaks try to rebuild team". Montreal Gazette. August 29, 1981. p. 21. Retrieved August 13, 2010.
  18. ^ a b "Team USA dark-horse contender". Montreal Gazette. August 29, 1981. p. 21. Retrieved August 13, 2010.
  19. ^ Pelletier, 2003, p. 55
  20. ^ "Finns could stage upsets". Montreal Gazette. August 29, 1981. p. 20. Retrieved August 13, 2010.
  21. ^ Pelletier, 2003, p. 60
  22. ^ Abbott, Scott (September 2, 1981). "Czechs play rough to force tie with favored Soviets". Ottawa Citizen. p. 26. Retrieved September 6, 2010.
  23. ^ Korobanik, John (September 2, 1981). "Dream line gives Finns a drubbing". Ottawa Citizen. p. 25. Retrieved September 6, 2010.
  24. ^ Pelletier, 2003, pp. 63–64
  25. ^ Pelletier, 2003, p. 65
  26. ^ "Bossy leads U.S. to Canada Cup win". The Day. September 4, 1981. p. 26. Retrieved September 6, 2010.
  27. ^ "Soviet Union beats Team USA". Reading Eagle. September 6, 1981. p. 79. Retrieved September 6, 2010.
  28. ^ Pelletier, 2003, p. 68
  29. ^ Pelletier, 2003, p. 71
  30. ^ Pelletier, 2003, p. 72
  31. ^ Pelletier, 2003, pp. 74–75
  32. ^ Pelletier, 2003, p. 77
  33. ^ Pelletier, 2003, p. 78
  34. ^ Pelletier, 2003, pp. 79–80
  35. ^ "U. S. aims for upset in Canada Cup". Anchorage Daily News. September 11, 1981. p. B3. Retrieved September 6, 2010.
  36. ^ a b Pelletier, 2003, p. 83
  37. ^ "Soviet coach testy in wake of defeat". Ottawa Citizen. September 11, 1981. p. 31. Retrieved September 6, 2010.
  38. ^ Pelletier, 2003, pp. 81–82
  39. ^ "Canadians want to trip Russians for world crown". Spokane Spokesman-Review. September 13, 1981. p. C5.
  40. ^ Pelletier, 2003, p. 84
  41. ^ "Tracking the Red Army's Passing". September 15, 2015.
  42. ^ a b c Pelletier, 2003, p. 85
  43. ^ Cole, Glenn (September 14, 1981). "Soviets stun Canada in Cup final". Montreal Gazette. p. 39. Retrieved September 6, 2010.
  44. ^ a b c Pelletier, 2003, pp. 88–89
  45. ^ "1981 Canada Cup". Hockey Canada. Retrieved September 6, 2010.
  46. ^ World Class Hockey Trivia, Don Weekes (2009) p.58
  47. ^ Pelletier, 2003, p. 89
  48. ^ "Soviet icers get Cup copy". Anchorage Daily News. October 1, 1981. p. B3. Retrieved August 16, 2010.
  49. ^ "Russians finally receive a copy of Canada Cup". Montreal Gazette. October 5, 1981. p. 58. Retrieved August 16, 2010.
  50. ^ "The president of Hockey Canada Wednesday warned sports fan". UPI Archives. September 16, 1981. Retrieved February 22, 2019.
  51. ^ Cole, Glenn (August 11, 1981). "Booming costs may put end to Canada Cup tournament". Montreal Gazette. p. 15. Retrieved August 16, 2010.
  52. ^ a b Casey, Tom (September 8, 1981). "Eagleson ponders next Canada Cup". Ottawa Citizen. p. 42. Retrieved August 16, 2010.
  53. ^ a b Cole, Glenn (August 29, 1981). "Winnipeg games won't be moved". Montreal Gazette. p. 19. Retrieved August 16, 2010.
  54. ^ a b c Pelletier, 2003, p. 87
General
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