2006 North Korean missile test
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Two rounds of North Korean missile tests were conducted on July 5, 2006. The
North Korea made its first public acknowledgement of the tests on July 6, through its foreign ministry, describing them as "successful" and part of "regular military drills to strengthen self-defense", insisting that it had the legal right to do so. The country warned of "stronger physical actions" if it were put under pressure by the international community.. A spokeswoman said that the deployment was not related to the test-firings, and it had been previously planned.
Overview
The missiles were launched from the
The
East Asian stock markets were shaken by the launches, with investors expressing concerns that moves like this could lead to a future conflict in the Southeast and East Asian areas. Crude oil prices have also risen since the missile tests.[9]
Many experts believe that the timing, which was in the very early hours of July 5 in Korea, but midday of July 4 in the United States when space shuttle Discovery was about to lift off, was deliberate to get attention from the United States, and possibly an attempt for one on one talks rather than the six party talks regarding North Korea's nuclear capabilities.[10]
While at the time western sources viewed the Taepodong-2 test as a missile test, this view later changed. In 2012 the
Details
The table below shows the time for all the seven missiles launched. Of particular interest is the 4th launch, a Taepodong-2 rocket. Reports that the missile flew for only 42 seconds were contradicted by a confidential report by South Korea's
# | Launch time (July 5, Korean local time = UTC+9 h) |
Launch site | Type | Impact time (in minutes) | Impact site |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 03:23/03:33 (= July 4, 18:33 UTC ) |
Kittaeryong | Scud-C | Sea of Japan | |
2 | 04:04 | Kittaeryong | Nodong-A | Sea of Japan | |
3 | 04:59 | Kittaeryong | Scud-C or Nodong-A | 07:17 | Sea of Japan |
4 | 05:01 | Taepodong/Musudan-ri (40°50′50″N 129°37′43″E / 40.8471°N 129.6285°E) |
Taepodong-2 | Failed after 42 seconds |
Sea of Japan |
5 | 07:12 | Kittaeryong | Nodong-A | 07:36 | Sea of Japan |
61 | 08:20 | Kittaeryong | Scud-C/Nodong-A | Sea of Japan | |
7 | 08:22 | Kittaeryong | Nodong or Scud | 17:28 | Sea of Japan |
1 Reports of the 6th missile are disputed. Source: White House Press Briefing[15] (missiles 1–6) and Japanese Defense Agency[16] and GlobalSecurity.org report.[17]
2 Russia claims that North Korea launched 10 missiles.[6]
Background
- See also Valiant Shield
- On January 10, 2003, North Korea withdrew from the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty.
- In late January 2003, Japan Defense Agency Director Shigeru Ishiba told reporters that if North Korea "begins preparations to attack Japan, for instance by fueling its missiles, we will consider the DPRK is initiating a military attack" and pre-emptively strike missile bases in DPRK.[19]
- On April 24, 2003, the United States, China, and North Korea met in Beijing for trilateral discussions. The United States threatened sanctions against North Korea, which North Korea has said would constitute a "declaration of war".
- On May 12, 2003, North Korea declared the 1992 accord with its southern neighbour nullified, which agreed to keep the Korean peninsula free of nuclear weapons, citing U.S. hostility as a threat to its sovereignty. South Korea considers the accord in effect.
- On August 28, 2003, North Korea announced at six-nation talks in Beijing that it was prepared to "declare itself formally as a nuclear weapons state", and claimed to have the means to deliver nuclear weapons. The North Korean delegation also says the country will soon be carrying out a nuclear test to demonstrate its nuclear capability.[20]
- DPRK announced on February 10, 2005 that it had developed nuclear weapons for its self-defense, and suspended participation in the Six-party talks.[21]
- On September 19, 2005, Six-party talks resulted in an agreement where North Korea agreed to abandon its nuclear weapons program for economic cooperation and assistance, repeating its right to "peaceful uses of nuclear energy", while the U.S. recognized North Korea's sovereignty and stated that it had no intention to attack. The provision of a nuclear light-water reactor would be discussed at "an appropriate time"; the U.S. and North Korea immediately disagreed on when that should be.[22]
- On January 17, 2006, Iran tested a North Korean designed Nodong-B missile.[23]
- In April 2006, North Korea offered to resume talks if the US releases recently frozen North Korean financial assets held in a bank in Macau.[24] The funds were acquired through the sale of drugs and counterfeit U.S. currency.[25]
- In mid-June 2006, North Korea began fueling some of the Taepodong-2 missiles that it possesses.[26]
- On June 14, 2006, the Vandenberg Air Force Base to the Marshall Islands, flying approximately 7,700 kilometers in about 30 minutes.[27]
- June 23, 2006 – the US and Japan signed an agreement to jointly produce anti-ballistic missile (ABM) technology and operate surveillance and tracking operations to gather critical data in the case that the DPRK conducted a ballistic missile test. The US agreed to send several batteries of Patriot PAC-3 missiles to protect Okinawa. [2]
- June 30, 2006 – Bush and Japanese Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumi visit Graceland after two days of political talks aimed at cementing relations between Japan and the US.
- July 4, 2006 – Space Shuttle Discovery mission STS-121 launches, in what some North Korea watchers say is no coincidence. [3]. The United States also celebrates its 230th birthday.
Observers from the Chinese
Military ties between the United States and China have not been close ever since a communist government came to power in China. Admiral William J. Fallon, the top U.S. commander in the Pacific, said it was "a start" that China accepted his invitation to observe the large-scale exercises.[33] Fallon indicated before the exercises began that he expected China to reciprocate. However, neither Zhang, nor the Xinhua News report, gave any indication that such an invitation was forthcoming.[31]
The exercise had implications for other world events as well, including acting as a show of force to possibly deter
The North Korean missile test came after weeks of speculation that North Korea was poised to launch a missile, but neither their quantity nor their launch site were definitively anticipated. The U.S., Japan, and others warned North Korea prior to the incident that such a test would be construed by those nations as a provocative act. North Korea responded to such words by threatening an "annihilating" nuclear strike if the United States attacks or any other nation preemptively tried to destroy the missile before or after it launched.[35]
The
International response
The test came on the heels of the Six-party talks between North Korea, China, Japan, Russia, South Korea and the United States. Asian stocks and currencies slid along with European and United States stocks, while gold, silver, and oil rose amid news of the North Korean missiles.[37]
No country proposed military action in response to the test fire. All calls for action have been diplomatic or economic.
Members of the six-party talks
China
On July 5, 2006, the Foreign Ministry of China expressed concern over the North Korean missile tests. Foreign Ministry spokesperson Liu Jianchao repeated calls for calm and restraint from "all parties involved". He pleaded for all sides to refrain from any actions that will further complicate the situation in the Korean Peninsula.[38]
In New York, the Chinese ambassador to the UN said North Korea's missile tests were "regrettable".[39]
Japan
Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumi was notified of the firings on July 5 at 3:52 am, local time. Top Japanese officials, including Chief Cabinet Secretary Shinzo Abe and Defense Agency chief Fukushiro Nukaga, each were notified at about the same time. By 4:50 am they had met at the prime minister's official residence to discuss a Japanese response. Junichiro Koizumi entered his office at 6:30 am, and U.S. ambassador J. Thomas Schieffer arrived twenty minutes later for discussions.[40]
Meanwhile, Japanese foreign minister
A few hours following the missile launches, Japan began economic sanctions of North Korea by banning the entry of North Korean officials, ship crews, chartered flights and the only direct passenger link between the two countries, the ferry
All Japanese Self-Defense Force branches were set on higher alert.[45]
Shinzo Abe and Taro Aso subsequently talked about Japan's option on attacking bases in foreign soil in public, which were reported as plans for 'pre-emptive' strike and quickly denounced by South Korea and China as being belligerent.[46][47]
Russia
According to Russia's
However, President Putin has been quoted as saying that, while he was disappointed by the test firings, the North Koreans were right in their assertion that they had the legal right to perform such tests.[49]
South Korea
Unification Minister Lee Jong-Seok convened an emergency meeting to determine the objective of the missile launch, which is expected to prompt the U.S. and its allies to take punitive actions such as harsher economic
United States
President Bush was briefed on the activity around 4:40 pm CDT (21:40 UTC). He spoke in the Oval Office on the tests on July 5, 2006 and stated that the tests only "isolated Korea".[53] Bush has said that America would continue to encourage six-party talks, rather than be drawn into one-on-one negotiations with North Korea.[54]
Christopher Hill, the Assistant Secretary of State for East Asian and Pacific Affairs, is set to head to the region on Wednesday, July 5, 2006. National Security Adviser Stephen Hadley described the tests as "provocative behavior". George Bush met Stephen Hadley, defense secretary Donald Rumsfeld, and Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice as the tests were going on.[36] Condoleezza Rice had spoken via phone with four of her counterparts in the six-party talks, including Taro Aso, as mentioned earlier. Condoleezza Rice and Stephen Hadley later met South Korea's national security advisor to discuss the launch.[55]
Other UN Security Council members
UN Security Council
The U.N. Security Council scheduled an emergency meeting for Wednesday, July 5, 2006.[56] The council members agreed that they should do something about the missile test and that they should meet again later to discuss the possibility of issuing a Council resolution.[57]
Japan, with the support of the United States and the United Kingdom, introduced a measure that would have restricted countries from transferring funds, material, or technology to North Korea. Russia and China, with veto power, resisted the resolution, saying a press statement should be issued.
Argentina
Argentina's foreign ministry issued a communique expressing its "serious concern over the missile test launches" and urging the North Korean state to "renew diplomatic dialogue and return to the
United Kingdom and the European Union
The UK branded North Korea's actions "irresponsible".
The current EU president condemned the 'provocative' missile test. According to it the test places additional strains on the regional stability 'at a time when the unresolved nuclear issue on the Korean Peninsula requires mutual confidence building'.[62]
Others
Australia
Australia's Prime Minister John Howard called the test "extremely provocative" and also stated "I hope that what North Korea has done is condemned as provocative not only by Australia and Japan but also by other countries in the six-power group."[63]
Canada
Foreign Affairs Minister Peter MacKay added Canada's voice to the world condemnation on Wednesday, calling the launches a "major threat" to stability in the region that undermine efforts to halt the spread of weapons of mass destruction.
MacKay chided Pyongyang for its use of brinkmanship in dealing with the international community.
"Canada believes that such tactics are counterproductive and ultimately destined to fail", he said in a news release posted on the Foreign Affairs Department's website. "Such actions can only diminish North Korea's security, not enhance it."[65]
Czech Republic
The Czech Ministry of Foreign Affairs expressed its "deep concern" over the tests, describing them as a "serious threat to the international community". It called on North Korea to return to the six-party Talks.[66]
Hungary
The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Hungary issued this statement on July 5, 2006:
Hungary definitely condemns the missile experiments carried out by the People's Democratic Republic of Korea on the July 4. In our view, this step gravely endangers the stability and the security of the region. We find it an especially unfortunate development that the experiment was carried out in spite of the repeated warning of the international community. North Korea’s step jeopardises the renewal of the six-nation talks set up to solve the North Korean nuclear question. Hungary finds it necessary for the People's Democratic Republic of Korea to terminate its activity aimed at the development of long-range missiles, to respect the self-imposed moratorium on missile experiments and to return to the six-nation talks as a constructive partner as soon as possible.[67]
Malaysia
Malaysian Foreign Minister Syed Hamid Albar expressed his country's "deep concern" over the tests and urged all parties to show restraint and resume negotiations.[68]
New Zealand
Norway
Foreign Minister Jonas Gahr Støre condemned the tests as "highly regrettable" and stated his belief that they further escalate regional tension. He affirmed that Norway continues "to be deeply worried over North Korea's nuclear weapons programme".[70]
Philippines
President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo condemned the tests, saying that the "world has had enough of weapons of mass destruction", urging the reclusive state to resume six-party talks at once.[71]
In addition, Philippine military and defense officials have said a potential North Korean missile attack against Philippine soil cannot be intercepted, calling for the swift modernization of the Philippine military.[72]
Singapore
Singaporean representatives, through the foreign ministry, sharply rebuked North Korean officials for launching the missiles, calling it a "provocative move". It warned that any future moves similar to what happened a few days ago will only lead to trouble in the Asian region instead of stability and called on
Sweden
Minister of Foreign Affairs Jan Eliasson articulated the regret of the Swedish government and noted that the DPRK ambassador in Stockholm had been summoned to the Foreign Ministry to hear Sweden's "concern over the missile tests and the risk of a nuclear arms race in East Asia".[74]
Thailand
Thailand's Foreign Minister Kantathi Suphamongkhon expressed concern Wednesday over North Korea's long-range missile test, warning the move will lead to regional distrust and threaten world peace, and he plans to raise the issue with his US counterpart early next week. Mr Kantathi urged the communist country to return to the six-party talks. Thailand has been playing an informal role in the talk to push for the progress of the negotiations among the principal parties – North Korea, South Korea, Japan, China, Russia and the United States.[75]
See also
- Timeline of North Korean missile tests
- Kwangmyŏngsŏng-2 – 2009 rocket launch
- 2009 North Korean missile test– (July 2–5, 2009)
- 1998 North Korean missile test – (August 31, 1998) – Taepodong-1
- Nodong-1
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Further reading
- Demick, Barbara (July 7, 2006). "With Few N. Korea Facts, a Rumor Got Launched". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved July 8, 2006.
- Nishiyama, George (July 4, 2006). "North Korea launches missiles, US hold UN talks". Reuters. Retrieved July 8, 2006.[dead link]
- "U.S. officials: North Korea tests long-range missile". CNN. July 4, 2006. Archived from the original on July 6, 2006. Retrieved July 8, 2006.
- "North Korea Test-Fires Several Missiles". The New York Times. July 4, 2006. Archived from the original on April 24, 2009. Retrieved July 8, 2006.
- "N. Korea fires missiles into Sea of Japan: Japan gov't sources". Kyodo News. July 4, 2006. Archived from the original on September 29, 2007. Retrieved July 8, 2006.
- Talmadge, Eric (July 4, 2006). "Defiant N. Korea Fires Series of Missiles". Associated Press via Houston Chronicle. Retrieved July 8, 2006.
- "Government Expresses Concern over N.Korean Missile Tests". Télam. July 6, 2006.
- "N Korea's missiles met by Japanese sanctions". Asia Times. July 6, 2006. Archived from the original on July 18, 2009. Retrieved July 8, 2006.
{{cite news}}
: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link) - "Respecteer de internationale afspraken". Dutch newspaper article. July 5, 2006. Archived from the original on July 15, 2006. Retrieved July 8, 2006.
- Chronology of North Korea Missile Program Archived July 6, 2006, at the Wayback Machine
- GlobalSecurity.org Report on North Korea Missile/Rocket Tests, CP Vick
- GlobalSecurity.org Report on North Korea Missile/Rocket Tests, CP Vick
- MIT Policy and Technology lecture on missile defense and how to apply it to estimate the range of the North Korea rocket launch