39th Army (Soviet Union)
This article needs additional citations for verification. (August 2012) |
39th Army | |
---|---|
Active | 1941–42 c. 1945–56 c. 1967–92 |
Country | Ivan Ivanovich Maslennikov |
The 39th Army was a
Formation and Kalinin Offensive
It was first formed on 15 November 1941 in the Arkhangelsk Military District, in accordance with a directive issued by the Stavka (command headquarters) on 2 November 1941. The army was directly subordinate to the Stavka.
On 1 December 1941 the army was listed by the Soviet General Staff's official order of battle listings as including seven rifle divisions and two cavalry divisions (
On 1 December 1941 the army was tasked to build defense lines along the eastern bank of the river Sheksna. After regrouping in the area of Torzhok it was sent to the
The
Kalinin defense
From February to June 1942 the 39th Army was fighting in the north-west of
Evacuation and disbandment
On 17 July, around 8,000 troops of the 39th Army, under the command by
In late July 1942 the individual units were released from the front and, with no troops, the 39th Army was disbanded.
Soviet invasion of Manchuria
On 1 May 1945, 39th Army was transferred to the
In May–June 1945 39th Army was relocated to
Some divisions of the 39th Army committed the notorious Gegenmiao massacre during the Manchuria Operation, torturing and killing thousands of Japanese civilians in August 1945.
Cold War period
From 1945 to 1955 the 39th Army was stationed at Port Arthur. In Port Arthur was a naval base, the commander of which was Vice-Admiral Vasily A. Tsipanovich.
In Port Arthur was deployed the
In the area of Jinzhou City headquarters stationed 5th Guards Rifle Corps Lt. Gen. L. Alekseyev, 19, 91 and 17th Guards Rifle Division under the command of Major General Eugene L. Korkutsa. Chief of Staff Lieutenant Strashnenko. The division includes the 21th[clarification needed] separate battalion, on the basis of which the Chinese volunteers were trained. 26th Guards cannon artillery regiment, the 46th Regiment of Guards mortar, part of the 6th Division Artillery breakthrough torpedo regiment Pacific Fleet. At Dalihem (Dalian?) was based the 33rd gun Division Headquarters 7th BAC, air units, the 14th zenad, 119th Rifle Regiment guarded the port, plus elements of the Soviet Navy.
By the beginning of 1947, the 39th Army included the 5th Guards Rifle Corps (17th and 19th Guards Rifle Divisions, and 671st Artillery Brigade), the 25th Machine Gun Artillery, 7th Mechanized, and 6th Guards Breakthrough Artillery Divisions, the 33rd Gun Artillery and 14th Anti-Aircraft Artillery Divisions, and two army artillery brigades (the 55th Destroyer Anti-Tank and 139th Gun).[3]
In 1948, the Shandong Peninsula, 200 kilometers from the Far, acting U.S. military base. Every day there appeared a reconnaissance plane and at low altitude on the same route flew over and photographed the Soviet and Chinese sites, airfields. Soviet pilots stopped the flights. Americans sent a note to the Foreign Ministry in a statement about the attack on the Soviet fighters "off course light passenger aircraft," but reconnaissance flights over Liaodong stopped. In June, 1948, in Port Arthur, a major joint exercise of all arms was undertaken. Malinovsky managed the whole exercise, from Khabarovsk arrived Stepan Krasovsky - Far East Air Force commander. Exercise was held in two main stages. On the ground - a reflection of marines imaginary enemy. The second - an imitation of massed bombing.
To address the issue of troop withdrawal in 1954 in Port Arthur Nikita Khrushchev arrived. He gave the military five months for withdrawal. 2 October 1954 a communiqué was signed on redeployment of the 39th Army and Navy units. By that time, the Soviet Union had in China six rifle and one mechanized division, a Division patrol boats, crew submarines, torpedo boats brigade, the brigade of water region, coastal defense forces and air defense, naval bombers (potentially including the 130th Maritime Torpedo Aviation Division) and fighter Air Division Air Corps (37th Fighter Aviation Division?).[4] On 31 May 1955 and the deployment of troops over. Capital facilities and most of the equipment transferred to China. Almost everything was free of charge, including dozens of torpedo boats, tanks, submarines, all the ammunition. On the day of departure of troops solemn construction in parts where the Chinese gave the keys to the property. To the sound of the Soviet anthem was lowered naval flag of the Soviet Union, and then was replaced by a Chinese flag. Conclusion took 8 months. After retiring in Port Arthur for a while there were still Soviet specialists who taught Chinese sailors. Reduction and then disbanding the 39th Army began in 1955. The army and some of its units disbanded in September 1955 with the remainder transferring to the 5th Army.[5]
After the war, the army was stationed for many years in
In the late 1980s the army consisted of the
Commanding officers
- Major-General Ivan Aleksandrovich Bogdanov(11.1941 to 12.1941)
- Lieutenant-General Ivan Ivanovich Maslennikov (12.1941–07.1942)
- Lieutenant-General Ivan Aleksandrovich Bogdanov(22.07.1942-24.7.1942)
- Lieutenant-General Alexey Ivanovich Zygin (August 1942 – September 1943)
- Lieutenant-General Nikolai Berzarin(September 1943 – May 1944)
- Colonel-General Ivan Lyudnikov (27 May 1944 – June 1947)
- Colonel-General Afanasy Beloborodov (May 1947 – May 1953)
- Colonel General Vasily Shvetsov (May 1953 – September 1955)
References
Citations
- ^ Combat composition of the Soviet Army, 1 December 1941 Archived 3 April 2008 at the Wayback Machine, retrieved January 2013.
- ^ tashv.nm.ru, Combat composition of the Soviet Army, 1 May 1945 Archived 26 December 2013 at the Wayback Machine, Retrieved October 2011
- ^ Petrenko 2012, p. 36.
- ^ "130th Maritime Torpedo Aviation Division". Ww2.dk. Retrieved 16 August 2013.
- ^ Feskov et al. 2013, p. 582.
- ^ "51st Tank Division".
- ^ V.I. Feskov et al 2013, 575
- ^ «Kommersant» № 97 (3181) of 31 May 2005
- ^ Alicia Campi (12 November 2015). "Mongolia in Northeast Asia—The New Realities". The Mongolian Journal of International Affairs. Retrieved 18 October 2020.
Bibliography
- Keith E. Bonn (ed.), Slaughterhouse: The Handbook of the Eastern Front, Aberjona Press, Bedford, PA, 2005
- Feskov, V. I.; Golikov, V. I.; Kalashnikov, K. A.; Slugin, S. A. (2013). Вооруженные силы СССР после Второй Мировой войны: от Красной Армии к Советской [The Armed Forces of the USSR after World War II: From the Red Army to the Soviet: Part 1 Land Forces] (in Russian). Tomsk: Scientific and Technical Literature Publishing. ISBN 9785895035306.
- Lenskii, Ground forces of RKKA in the pre-war years: a reference (Сухопутные силы РККА в предвоенные годы. Справочник.) — St Petersburg, B & K, 2000
- Petrenko, V. M. (2012). "Советские войска на Ляодунском полуострове в 1945—1955 гг" [Soviet forces in the Liaodong peninsula, 1945–1955]. Voenno-istorichesky zhurnal (in Russian) (1): 35–40.