North Caucasus Military District
North Caucasus Military District | |
---|---|
Северо-Кавказский военный округ | |
Russian Federation (1991 – 1 Sept 2010) | |
Branch | Russian Ground Forces |
Type | Military district |
Part of | Ministry of Defence |
Headquarters | Rostov-on-Don |
Decorations | Order of the Red Banner |
Commanders | |
Notable commanders | Anatoly Kvashnin Jan Lufi |
The North Caucasus Military District was a military district of the Russian Armed Forces from 1992-2010. Before 1992 it had been part of the Soviet Armed Forces since 1918. In 2010 it became the Southern Military District and lately also included the Black Sea Fleet and Caspian Flotilla.
It comprised the
History
The District was originally established on 4 May 1918, and reorganized as a field formation during the
On 4 May 1921, the field headquarters of the
In June 1941 the district's first line troops comprised the
Later the District saw battles around Rostov in November 1941 where the Germans suffered defeat, and the
The 68th, 76th, 77th, 78th, 79th, 80th, 81st, 82nd and 83rd Naval Rifle Brigades were formed in the district after a November–December 1941
Immediately following the war, to demobilize the force, on 9 July 1945 the territory was split into three military districts: Don, Stavropol, and the Kuban.
- The Stavropol Military District consisted of Stavropol Military District(merged into the North Caucasus Military District shortly afterwards).
- The Kuban Military District comprised the territory of Krasnodar Krai (formed by the headquarters of the 60th Army). The Kuban Military District comprised the 29th Rifle Corps (73rd, 102nd Rifle Division and 217th Rifle Divisions), as well as the 9th Rifle Division.[7] By summer 1946 the 29th Rifle Corps had been reduced to commanding the 8th, 9th, and 39th Independent Rifle Brigades. They were reexpanded into divisions in 1951.
- The Don Military District was located in the territory of the Rostov, Stalingrad, and Astrakhan Oblasts. The staff of the Don Military District was located in Rostov-on-Don, and was considered the heir of the traditions of the North Caucasus Military District. Among the formations in the Don Military District was the 6th Rifle Corps, which had arrived from Latvia in 1945. In early 1946 its three rifle divisions were reduced to independent rifle brigades (the 15th, 18th, and 46th, though the 15th disbanded in 1947).
In 1946 the Don Military District was renamed again as the North Caucasian Military District. The official Russian military website notes the work of the soldiers of the district in helping repair the ravages of the war.
The important Kapustin Yar test range was created in the District following the war.
In 1955 the district's forces included the
In 1957 the
The 18th Guards HTD was involved in the
The District was awarded the Order of the Red Banner in 1968.
In 1974 the
In 1979 Scott and Scott reported the District's HQ address as Rostov-na-Donu 18, Ulitsa Tekucheva, Dom 135.
In 1980 the
In August 1982 the
Formations at the end of the 1980s
In the District in 1988–89 were the 128th cadre Air Assault Brigade at Stavropol, subordinated directly to
Headquarters and staff of the district were at Rostov-on-Don.[18]
Ground Forces
- 14th Tank Division[19] (Novocherkassk)
- Buinaksk)
- 160th Motor Rifle Division of the cadre In 1989, it was reorganized into the 4770th BKhVT.Yeisk)
- 259th Reserve Motor Rifle Division of the cadre (Grozny)
- 239th Cadre Rear Guard Division (Volgograd)
- Maikop)
- 1st Missile Brigade (Yeysk)
- The 102nd Anti-Aircraft Rocket Brigade (the brigade arrived from the Siberian Military District in 1988.[21]) (Eagle-Emerald)
- 179th Anti-Aircraft Rocket Brigade (Yeisk)
- 201st Self-Propelled Artillery Brigade (Slavyansk-on-Kuban)
- 227th artillery brigade of high power (Slavyansk-on-Kuban)
- 11th Separate Communications Brigade of the High Command (Novocherkassk)
- 51st Separate Communications Brigade GKVYUN (Rostov-on-Don)
- 131st Radio Engineering Brigade OSNAZ (Rostov-on-Don)
- 128th separate airborne assault brigade of the GKVYUN (cadre) (Stavropol)
- 121st Engineer Brigade (Kamensk-Shakhtinsky)
- 3rd Road Commandant Brigade (Rostov-on-Don)
- 75th brigade of material support (Novocherkassk)
- 21st Chemical Protection Brigade (g Frolovo)
- 71st Separate Electronic Warfare Regiment (Aksay)
- 102nd Separate Electronic Warfare Regiment (Mozdok)
- 106th Separate Communications Regiment (Aksay)
- 433rd separate engineer-sapper battalion ( Aksai)
- 408th separate pontoon-bridge battalion (Kamensk-Shakhtinsky)
- 545th Separate Road Engineering Battalion ( Aksai)
- 121st Separate Electronic Warfare Battalion (Grozny)
- 860th separate flamethrower battalion (st. Bagaevskaya)
- 72nd communications center (Rostov-on-Don)
- 799th separate company of the GRU special forces (Novocherkassk)
- Training and reserve formations of district subordination
- 283rd Reserve Anti-Aircraft Artillery Brigade (Yeisk)
- 254th Reserve Anti-Aircraft Artillery Brigade
- 260th reserve anti-tank artillery brigade
- 1619th separate training battalion of communications
- 236th separate training tank repair battalion (Millerovo)
- 173rd Guards District Training Yevpatoriya Red Banner Training Center for Junior Specialists (Motorized Rifle Troops) (Grozny)
- Repair enterprises, property storage bases and warehouses of district subordination
- 50th car repair plant
- 234th mobile repair plant
- 682nd mobile repair plant
- 186th as-B;
- 744th AB-B (Novocherkassk)
- 2699th automobile warehouse
- 125th BRT
- 91st Communications Repair and Storage Base (Kropotkin)
- 2013 property storage base (Maikop)
- 92nd engineering warehouse (Georgievsk)
- 4770th base for storage of weapons and equipment (Yeisk)
- 12th Army Corps
- Corps Directorate, 411th separate security and support company (Krasnodar)
- Maikop), Commander Dorofeev, Alexander Anatolyevich
- 113th Motor Rifle Division of the cadre (Hot Key)
- The 156th Motor Rifle Division of the cadre (the division in 1987 was reorganized into the 880th TUTC. In 1989, the 880th TTC was reorganized into the 5383rd BKhVT.[22] (Novorossiysk)
- 99th Missile Brigade (Krasnodar)
- Maikop), Commander Markaryan, Pyotr Oganezovich.
- 214th Engineer-Sapper Proskurovskaya Red Banner, orders of Bohdan Khmelnitsky and the Red Star Brigade
- material support team (Krasnodar)
- 943rd Reactive Artillery Regiment[citation needed] (Maikop)
- 1128th anti-tank artillery regiment (Maikop)
- 162nd Engineer Regiment (Krasnodar)
- 573rd Separate Reconnaissance Artillery Battalion (Maikop)
- 64th separate communications battalion (Krasnodar)
- 170th separate air defense radio engineering battalion (Krasnodar)
- 444th Separate Electronic Warfare Battalion (Krasnodar)
- 5157th repair and restoration base (Slavyansk-on-Kuban)
- 34th Army Corps
- Corps Administration (Volgograd),[15] commander -, chief of staff of the corps Myachin L. S. (1986–1988)
- 82nd Motor Rifle Division (In 1990, the 82nd Motor Rifle Division was reorganized into the 6654th BHI)[15] (Volgograd)
- 345th Training Road Construction Brigade (1966: 197th Motor Rifle Division, Cadre; 1987: 881st Training Centre; 1988 training road construction brigade) (Uryupinsk)[15]
- 81st Cannon Artillery Tallinn Red Banner, Order of the Suvorov Brigade (Uryupinsk)
- brigade of material support (Volgograd)
- 264th Anti-Tank Artillery Regiment (Kalachev)
- 623rd separate communications battalion (Volgograd)
- 138th separate battalion of radiation and chemical reconnaissance (Volgograd)
- 4th Separate Chemical Defense Battalion (Frolovo)
- separate engineer sapper battalion (Volgograd)
- 539th Separate Electronic Warfare Battalion (Volgograd)
- separate air defense radio engineering battalion (Volgograd)
- separate repair and restoration battalion (Uryupinsk)
- 1616th repair and restoration base (Volgograd)
- 794th separate company of the GRU special forces
- Corps Directorate, 922nd Separate Security and Support Company (Vladikavkaz)[23]
- 19th Motorized Rifle Division Voronezh-Shumlinskaya Red Banner, Orders of Suvorov and the Red Banner of Labor Division (Vladikavkaz)
- The 268th motorized rifle division of the cadre (reorganized into the 887th TTC. In 1989 to the 5856th BHI.[23] (Prokhladny)
- 485th Cannon Artillery Brigade (Vladikavkaz)
- 551st separate communications battalion (Vladikavkaz)
- 395th Separate Radio Relay and Cable Battalion (Vladikavkaz)
- 1919th Separate Electronic Warfare Battalion (Vladikavkaz)
- 1656th separate radio engineering battalion OsNaz (Vladikavkaz)
- 1996th separate air defense radio engineering battalion (Vladikavkaz)
- 508th separate battalion of radiation and chemical reconnaissance (Vladikavkaz)
- separate engineer-sapper battalion (Vladikavkaz)
- separate helicopter squadron (Nalchik)
- 1542nd repair and restoration base (Prokhladny, Kabardino-Balkarian Republic)
- 5853rd property storage base (Prokhladny)
- 876th separate company of the GRU special forces (Vladikavkaz)
Post 1989
In 1989, the 14th Tank Division was transferred to the MVD, and retitled as the
The official website underlines the importance of the District as a border formation with the task of securing the southern boundary of the
In 1990, there were three army corps in the district.
The former
On December 1, 1993, the 136th Motor Rifle Brigade was established at
The
In 2006 the District included the
The District was the primary Russian military formation responsible for managing the Chechen conflict throughout the First and Second Chechen Wars. Insurgent activity slowly decreased in the early 2000s. Twenty-six soldiers won the star of the Hero of the Russian Federation in the first war, and 43 in the second.
In the first decade of the 21st century, the Armed Forces did not have the primary role in directing the anti-terrorist effort in the North Caucasus region. The Regional Operational Headquarters (ROSh), chaired by the Deputy Director FSB RF (Head of the department for protection of the constitutional structure and the campaign against terrorism) directed and conducted the counter-terrorist operation.[31] Subordinated to it was the Combined Grouping of Troops (OGV) in the North Caucasus drawing on the Armed Forces, the Interior Troops, the FSB, and other agencies.
During the
The Southern Military District was formed on October 22, 2010,[32] and the North Caucasus Military District was disbanded.
Commanders (1918–2010)
- 1918–18: Andrei Snesarev
- 1918–18: A. N. Kovalevsky
- 1918–18: Kliment Voroshilov
- 1920: Georgy Bazilevich
- 1921–24: Kliment Voroshilov
- 1924–25: Nikolay Muralov
- 1925–27: Ieronim Uborevich
- 1927–31: Ivan Panfilovich Belov
- 1931–37: Nikolai Kashirin
- 1937–38: Sergei Efimovich Gribov
- 1938–40: Vladimir Kachalov
- 1940: Mikhail Grigoryevich Yefremov
- 1940–41: Fyodor Kuznetsov
- 1941–42: Vsevolod Sergeyev
- 4 February 1946 – 19 April 1948: General-Lieutenant P.A. Belov[21]
- 20 April 1948 – 16 May 1949: Colonel General Vladimir Romanovsky[21]
- 17 May 1949 – 19 April 1953: Colonel General Sergei Trofimenko[21]
- April 1953 – November 1953: General Colonel Nikolay Pukhov[21]
- 1953–58: Andrei Ivanovich Yeremenko(Nov 53 – Apr 58)
- 1958–68: Army General Issa Alexandrovich Pliyev
- 1968–70: Army General Alexander Terentyevich Altunin
- 1970–76: Colonel General Dmitry Litovtsev
- 1976 – August 1979: Colonel General of Tanks Valery Belikov
- August 1979 – 1980: Colonel General Stanislav Postnikov
- 1980 – August 1984: Colonel General Vladimir Meretskov
- August 1984 – July 1986: Colonel General Viktor Skokov
- July 1986 – June 1993: Colonel General Lev Shustko
- June 1993 – December 1994: Colonel General Alexey Mityukhin
- February 1995 – May 1997: Colonel General Anatoly Kvashnin
- July 1997 – May 2000: Army General Viktor Kazantsev
- May 2000 – December 2002 Colonel General Gennady Troshev
- December 2002 – July 2004: Army General Vladimir Boldyrev
- July 2004 – May 2008: Army General Aleksandr Baranov
- May 2008 – January 2010: Colonel General Sergey Makarov
- January – September 2010: Lieutenant General Alexander Galkin
Commanders of the Don Military District
- July 1945 – February 1946: Colonel General Pavel Belov
- June 1949 – December 1951: Colonel General Vladimir Romanovsky
- December 1951 – November 1953: Colonel General Nikanor Zakhvatayev
Commander of the Kuban Military District
- 1945–46: Colonel General Pavel Kurochkin
Commanders of the troops of the Stavropol Military District
- July 1945 – February 1946: Lieutenant General Ivan Korovnikov
- March – May 1946: Lieutenant General Vsevolod Yakovlev (interim)
Units and formations
Order of the Red Banner North Caucasus Military District 2010:
- Combat formations:[33][34]
- 8th Guards Independent (Mountain) Motor-Rifle Brigade "Shavlinskayy", in Borzoy equipped with BMP
- 10th Independent Spetsnaz Brigade, in Molkino
- 17th Guards Independent Motor-Rifle Brigade, in Shali equipped with MT-LBV
- 18th Guards Independent Motor-Rifle Brigade, in Khankala and Kalininskaya equipped with BTR
- 19th Independent Motor-Rifle Brigade "Voronezh-Shumlinskaya", in Vladikavkaz
- 20th Guards Independent Motor-Rifle Brigade "Carpathian-Berlin", in Volgogradequipped with BMP
- 22nd Spetsnaz Brigade, in Bataysk
- 33rd Independent (Mountain) Reconnaissance Brigade, in Botlikh equipped with MT-LBV
- 34th Independent (Mountain) Motor-Rifle Brigade, in Zelenchukskaya equipped with MT-LBV
- 56th Guards Independent Airborne Brigade, in Kamyshin
- 100th Independent (Experimental) Reconnaissance Brigade, recently formed in Mozdok[35]
- 136th Guards Independent Motor-Rifle Brigade "Uman-Berlin", in Buynaksk equipped with BMP
- 205th Independent Motor-Rifle Brigade, in Budyonnovsk equipped with MT-LBV
- 4th Guards Military Base "Vapnyarsko-Berlin", in South Ossetia
- 7th Military Base "Krasnodar", in Abkhazia
- Missile and Artillery formations:
- 1st Guards Rocket Brigade "Orsha", in Krasnodar Total: 12 9K720 Iskander.
- 291st Artillery Brigade, in Maykop
- 439th Guards MLRS Brigade "Perekop", in Znamensk
- 943rd Multiple Rocket Launcher Regiment, in Maykop
- 7016th Artillery Reserve Base, in Maykop
- 573rd Independent Artillery Reconnaissance Battalion
- Air defense formations:
- 67th Air-defence Missile Brigade, in Volgograd, equipped with the Buk missile system
- 1138th Air-defence Command Center
- Radar formations:
- 131st Independent Radio-technical Brigade, in Rostov-on-Don
- 48th Independent Radio-Technical Battalion, in Vladikavkaz
- Engineering formations:
- 11th Engineer Regiment, in Prokhladny
- 57th Independent Engineer Battalion
- NBC-defence formations:
- 118th Independent NBC-defence Battalion, in Frolovo
- 860th Independent Flamethrower Battalion, in Oktyabrsky
- Signal formations:
- 175th (Communications Hub) Signal Brigade "Luninetsko-Lipskaya"
- 176th (Territorial) Signal Brigade
- 234th Independent Signal Regiment
- 148th Independent (Rear) Signal Battalion
- 395th Independent Signal Battalion
- 97th Independent Electronic Warfare Battalion, in Vladikavkaz
- 1270th Independent Electronic Warfare Center, in Kovalevka
- Other formations:
Also located at
Band
The Headquarters
Song and Dance Ensemble
The Song and Dance Ensemble of the North Caucasian Military District was created in 1943 and has a permanent composition of 50 musicians. Every fifth member of the collective is an honored artist of some profession. There is also a composition of 5–10 conscripts. Its main task is to help the commanders of units maintain the moral and psychological spirit of their personnel. In the period between 1999 and 2003, the ensemble performed 200 concerts in the area of the counter-terrorist operation in the North Caucasus.[37]
Museum
On 1 November 1967, a museum dedicated to the military history of the North Caucasian Military District was opened in the House of Officers of the district. Since October 2010, it has served as the military history museum of the Southern Military District. In the memorial hall of the new museum, there is a relief map of the former district, opposite to which there are marble pylons with the names of two and three time
References
- ^ Russian Ministry of Defence,History of the North Caucasus Military District Archived 2007-09-29 at the Wayback Machine, accessed August 17, 2007
- ^ Dvoinykh, Kariaeva, Stegantsev, eds. 1991, p. 284.
- ^ Niehorster, Order of Battle June 1941, apart from correction to 103rd Motorised Division rather than incorrect listing. For a correct listing of the 26th Mechanised Corps see Дриг Евгений. Механизированные корпуса РККА в бою: история автобронетанковых войск Красной Армии в 1940—1941 гг. — М.: АСТ: Транзиткнига, 2005.
- ^ Evgeniy Abramov's book "The Black Death. Soviet Naval Infantry In Combat" («ЧЕРНАЯ СМЕРТЬ» СОВЕТСКАЯ МОРСКАЯ ПЕХОТА В БОЮ), Moscow 2009, ISBN 978-5-699-36724-5
- ^ Michael Holm, Stavropol Military District, c2015, accessed August 2020.
- ^ Sazonov 1946, p. 13.
- ^ Feskov 2013, pp. 516–517.
- ^ Feskov 2004, p. 49.
- ^ Feskov 2013, pp. 517–519.
- ^ Holm, 35th Combined Arms Army, 2015. Note Holm writes 9 years later, which may be a typographical error from Feskov et al 2013.
- ^ Feskov 2013, p. 518.
- ^ The general, who did not shoot // Shkolazhizni.Ru — 2007. — December 8th
- ^ "14th Tank Division".
- ^ Michael Holm, http://www.ww2.dk/new/army/corps/12ak.htm
- ^ a b c d Feskov 2013, p. 523.
- ^ a b c Feskov 2013, p. 519.
- ^ Feskov 2013, p. 291.
- ^ Feskov 2013, p. 516.
- ^ Feskov 2013, p. 521.
- ^ Feskov 2013, p. 52.
- ^ a b c d e Feskov 2013, p. 520.
- ^ Feskov 2013, p. 522.
- ^ a b Feskov 2013, p. 524.
- ^ Feskov 2013, p. 203.
- ^ Andrew Duncan, 'Russian forces in decline — Part 4,' Jane's Intelligence Review, December 1996.
- ^ Дудаев и кровавый режим в Чечне. Krasnaya Zvezda (in Russian). 27 October 2001. Archived from the original on 2020-07-31. Retrieved 2019-03-03.
- ^ Holm 2015; Feskov et al 2013, 520, 523.
- ^ Сергей Турченко (5 September 2010). "Кровавая проверка боеготовности. Всего один смертник сумел прорвать оборону мотострелковой бригады". Свободная пресса (in Russian). Retrieved 2016-08-01.
- ^ http://www.afpc.org/rrm/rrm3.htm — creation of 58th Army
- ^ Jamestown Foundation, Putin's Order on Mountain Brigades Results in Competing Forces
- ^ Blandy 2007.
- ^ "Южный военный округ (ОСК "Юг") – "новейший" облик". Archived from the original on 2012-03-13. Retrieved 2010-12-27.
- ^ "Военная служба по контракту". Archived from the original on 2011-07-22. Retrieved 2010-04-18.
- ^ "Военная служба по контракту » Официальный сайт Главы и Правительства Карачаево-Черкесской Республики". Archived from the original on 2011-06-14. Retrieved 2010-04-18.
- ^ 100th Experimental Reconnaissance Brigade – see http://milkavkaz.net/?q=node/44
- ^ "Оркестр штаба Северо-Кавказского военного округа отмечает 45-летие".
- ^ "Ансамбль песни и пляски СКВО более 60 лет успешно поднимает боевой дух солдат".
- ^ "Военно-исторический музей Южного военного округа".
- ^ "Начальник Военно-исторического музея Южного военного округа С.Сторчак: "Только объективное отношение к истории может сохранить дух народа и страны" – Юг и Северный Кавказ || Интерфакс Россия". 7 December 2012.
Bibliography
- Blandy, C.W. (2007-11-01). Advent of Mountain Brigades. Conflict Studies Research Centre.
- Dvoinykh, L.V.; Kariaeva, T.F.; Stegantsev, M.V., eds. (1991). Центральный государственный архив Советской армии [Central State Archive of the Soviet Army] (in Russian). Vol. 1. Minneapolis: Eastview Publications. ISBN 1-879944-02-2. Archived from the originalon 2016-11-12. Retrieved 2017-12-28.
- Feskov, V.I.; K.A. Kalashnikov; V.I. Golikov (2004). The Soviet Army in the Years of the 'Cold War' (1945–1991). ISBN 5-7511-1819-7.
- V.I. Feskov, Golikov V.I., K.A. Kalashnikov, and S.A. Slugin (2013). Вооруженные силы СССР после Второй Мировой войны: от Красной Армии к Советской (часть 1: Сухопутные войска) [The Armed Forces of the USSR after World War II, from the Red Army to the Soviet (Part 1: Land Forces)]. Tomsk.
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: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) [1] Improved version of 2004 work with many inaccuracies corrected. - John Mackinlay; Peter Cross, eds. (2003). Regional Peacekeepers: The Paradox of Russian Peacekeeping. Tokyo/New York/Paris: United Nations University Press. ISBN 9789280810790. - regarding Georgia and South Ossetia
- Sazonov, Major General (1 November 1946). "Выписка из исторического формуляра 60 ск" [Extract from the Historical Form of the 60th Rifle Corps]. Pamyat Naroda (in Russian). Central Archives of the Russian Ministry of Defence. Retrieved 21 February 2019. – Located in fond 949, opus 1, file 2 of the Central Archives of the Russian Ministry of Defence
- Scott, Harriet and William F. Russian Military Directory, 2002
- Scott; Harriet and William F. (1979). The Armed Forces of the USSR. ISBN 978-0-89158-276-2.
External links
- Michael Holm https://www.ww2.dk/new/air%20force/army/vvsskvo.htm - Air Forces of the North Caucasus Military District, 1945-1990s