Abkhazia–Georgia border
The Abkhazia–Georgia separation line is a de facto boundary set up in aftermath of the
Description
The border starts in the north at the tripoint with Russia on the
History
During the 19th century, the Caucasus region was contested between the declining
The Georgian territories were initially organised into the
Following the
Meanwhile internal disagreements in the TDFR led to
Tensions between Abkhazia and Georgia were already evident by the late 1970s, with both sides organising protests in 1978 alleging discrimination, prompting intervention by Moscow.
Tensions increased following the election of Mikheil Saakashvili as Georgian President in 2004, with Saakashvili vowing to restore Georgian control over the breakaway regions of Abkhazia, Ajara and South Ossetia. In 2008 Georgia attempted to wrest back South Ossetia, sparking a war with Russia. Abkhaz forces, backed by Russia, used the occasion to force Georgia out of the Kodori Gorge, thus gaining full control of all the territory of the former Abkhaz ASSR.[13][27][28] Following the war Russia recognised the independence of both South Ossetia and Abkhazia.[29] The Abkhaz-Georgian border is currently guarded by the Russian and Abkhaz militaries and has been strengthened since the war, with barbed wire, control towers and other border control infrastructure being built.[1][30][31]
Border crossings
There is one legal crossing point, at Enguri Bridge over the Enguri river between Gali (Abkhazia) and Zugdidi (Samegrelo).[32]
See also
- Abkhaz–Georgian conflict
- Abkhazia portal
- Georgia (country) portal
References
- ^ a b c Venhovens, Mikel (2019). "Hardening porousness. Borderization and abandonment among the borderland ruins of Abkhazia". International Institute for Asian Studies. Retrieved 10 September 2020.
- ISBN 5-7107-7399-9.
- ^ The boundary between Turkey and the USSR (PDF), January 1952, archived from the original (PDF) on January 24, 2017, retrieved 8 April 2020
- ^ Saparov 2014, p. 24-5.
- ^ Saparov 2014, p. 26, 138.
- ^ Saparov 2014, p. 27-8.
- OCLC 312951712(Armenian Perspective)
- OCLC 78646544(Turkish Perspective)
- ^ Saparov 2014, p. 43.
- ^ Saparov 2014, p. 43,135.
- ^ Saparov 2014, p. 44.
- ^ Saparov 2014, p. 45-6.
- ^ a b c d e f g "GEORGIA-ABKHAZIA: THE PREDOMINANCE OF IRRECONCILABLE POSITIONS" (PDF). Geneva Academy. October 2018. Retrieved 10 September 2020.
- ^ Lang, DM (1962). A Modern History of Georgia, p. 226. London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson.
- ^ Saparov 2014, p. 48-9.
- ^ Saparov 2014, p. 50-1.
- MGIMO, archivedfrom the original on 3 September 2008, retrieved 2 September 2008.
- ISBN 978-90-04-17901-1.
- ^ Saparov 2014, p. 61.
- ^ Saparov 2014, p. 154.
- ^ a b Saparov 2014, p. 156.
- OCLC 922966407.
- ^ Transcaucasian Boundaries by John F. R. Wright, Suzanne Goldenberg, Richard Schofield. London, UCL Press, 1996. p. 202
- ^ a b Saparov 2014, p. 157.
- ^ Khutsishvili, George (February–March 1994). "Intervention in Transcaucasia". Perspective. 4. Archived from the original on 2018-11-08. Retrieved 2020-09-25 – via Institute for the Study of Conflict.
- ^ Saparov 2014, p. 158.
- ^ "Russian troops raid Georgian town; scores dead". AP. Archived from the original on August 13, 2008.
- ^ "Abkhazian Forces Push out Georgian Troops". 9 August 2008.
- ^ Mark Tran (26 August 2008). "Russia defies west by recognising Georgian rebel regions". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 27 September 2018. Retrieved 26 April 2019.
- ^ "Calculating the hidden costs of breakaway borders in Georgia". Global Voice. 25 March 2020. Retrieved 10 September 2020.
- S2CID 129448534.
- ^ "Georgia Border Crossings". Caravanistan. Retrieved 9 September 2020.
Works cited
- Saparov, Arsène (2014). From Conflict to Autonomy in the Caucasus: The Soviet Union and the Making of Abkhazia, South Ossetia and Nagorno Karabakh. Routledge.