Admiral of the Narrow Seas

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Office of the Admiral of the Narrow Seas
Monarch of England
Subject to formal approval by the King-in-Council
Term lengthNot fixed (usually for life)
Inaugural holderVice-Admiral Sir John Pendagrast
Formation1412-1688
"A chart of ye narrow seas," 1675

The Admiral of the Narrow Seas also known as the Admiral for the guard of the Narrow Seas

Straits of Dover) and England and the Spanish Netherlands later the Dutch Republic (the southern North Sea) from 1412 to 1688.[4] His subordinate units, establishments, and staff were sometimes informally known as the Command of the Narrow Seas.[5]

History

The first royal commission as Admiral to a

naval officer was granted in 1303. By 1344 it was only used as a rank at sea for a captain in charge of a fleet or fleets.[6]

In the fifteenth, sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, the

Straits of Dover) and the Spanish Netherlands later the Dutch Republic and England (the southern North Sea). As a result of England's claim of these territorial waters
there was an enforceable requirement placed on any foreign ships passing through the area to acknowledge all English warships. England also exercised control over all fishing rights within the same waters.

Among the most important naval postings during these times was the Admiral of the Narrow Seas, sometimes called the Vice-Admiral of the Narrow Seas to denote that he was junior to the

narrow seas
from foreign threats, protect English fishing vessels and enforce English sovereignty over said waters.

Claims to the narrow seas lasted until the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, along with other European countries, agreed to set a new three-mile limit in 1822.[8]

Office holders

Admiral/General at Sea/Vice-Admiral/Rear-Admiral Narrow Seas
rank name date/s notes ref
Vice-Admiral Sir John Pendagrast 1412 Commanding the Narrow Seas [9]
office is presumed vacant (1413 – 1522)
Vice-Admiral William FitzWilliam 1523 – 1524 also vice-admiral channel squadron/fleet [10]
Vice-Admiral Sir John Dudley 1537 [11]
Vice-Admiral Sir Rhys Mansell June 1543 [12]
Vice-Admiral Sir William Woodhouse 1544 – 1545 [13]
Vice-Admiral Sir Thomas Cotton May. 1549 [14]
Vice-Admiral Sir Henry Dudley 26 March, 1552 [15]
Admiral William Driver December, 1552 – January, 1553 [16]
Vice-Admiral Sir
John Malen
 1557 – 1558 [17]
Vice-Admiral Sir Ralph Chamberlain September, – October, 1558 [18]
Vice-Admiral Sir John Malyn November, 1558 – January, 1559 [19]
Admiral Sir
John Malen
 February, 1563 – April, 1563 lost with his ship off Rye [20]
Vice-Admiral Sir John Hawkins May – July, 1563 [21]
Vice-Admiral Sir William Holstocke August, 1562 – October, 1563 [22]
Vice-Admiral Sir Thomas Cotton August, – September, 1563 [23]
Rear-Admiral Henry Palmer 1587 [24]
Vice-Admiral Lord Henry Seymour 1588 [25]
Vice-Admiral Sir Martin Frobisher September, 1589 – 1590 [26]
Admiral Luke Warde 1590 – 1591 [27]
Admiral Sir Richard Leveson 1598 – 1601 [28]
Rear-Admiral Sir Robert Mansell c. 1599 [29]
Vice-Admiral Sir Robert Mansell 1602 – 1604 [30][31]
Vice-Admiral Sir William Monson August, 1604 – 1613 [32]
Vice-Admiral Sir Francis Howard 1613 – 13 January, 1616 [33]
Admiral Sir Francis Howard 14 January, 1616 – 1618 [33]
Admiral Sir Henry Mervyn 1619 – 1623 [citation needed]
Rear-Admiral Sir John Penington 1623 – 1626 as Rear-Admiral for the Guard of the Narrow Seas [34]
Rear-Admiral Sir John Penington 1631 – 1634 as Rear-Admiral for the Guard of the Narrow Seas [35]
Vice-Admiral Robert Bertie, 3rd Earl of Lindsey 1635 – 1639 [36]
Vice-Admiral Sir John Penington 1641 – 1642 [37]
Admiral Robert Rich, 3rd Earl of Warwick 1643 [38]
Vice-Admiral Sir Thomas Rainsborough 1643 – 1644 also vice-admiral in the channel [39]
General-at-Sea
 Sir Robert Blake 1652 – 1657 Commanding in the channel, and at the Downs [40]
Vice-Admiral Sir
John Lawson
 1665 [41]
Vice-Admiral Sir Edward Montagu, 1st Earl Sandwich July 1657 – 1658 [42]
Admiral Sir Edward Montagu 1st Earl Sandwich June 1661 – 1665 [43]
Vice-Admiral Sir John Kempthorne 1678 [44]
Vice-Admiral Sir William Poole 1679
Vice-Admiral Henry FitzRoy, 1st Duke of Grafton 1685 – 1687 [45]
Admiral Sir Roger Strickland 1687 – 1688 rank as Admiral of the Blue [46]

See also

References

Citations

  1. ISBN 9781580460095
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  3. ISBN 9781848322943
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  4. ISSN 0022-1341
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  6. ^ "History of Naval Ranks and Rates". www.navymuseum.co.nz. National Museum of the Royal New Zealand Navy. 10 November 2015. Retrieved 13 February 2019.
  7. ISBN 9780140297249
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  8. ^ "Narrow Seas - Oxford Reference - in The Oxford Companion to Ships and the Sea". oxfordreference.com. University of Oxford. Retrieved 7 June 2018.
  9. ^ Campbell, John (1812). Lives of the British Admirals: Containing Also a New and Accurate Naval History, from the Earliest Periods. London, England: C. J. Barrinton. p. 245.
  10. ^ Harding, Edward (1805). Naval Biography, Or, The History and Lives of Distinguished Characters in the British Navy, from the Earliest Period of History to the Present Time. London, England: John Scott. p. 185.
  11. ^ Loades, David (2021). "Dudley, John, duke of Northumberland". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
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  13. doi:10.1080/00253359.1977.10659032
    . Retrieved 14 October 2018.
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  15. ISBN 9780198201939
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  16. ISBN 9781409418474
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  17. doi:10.1080/00253359.1970.10658511
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  18. ^ "CHAMBERLAIN, Sir Ralph (by 1523-70 or later), of Shirburn, Oxon. History of Parliament Online". www.historyofparliamentonline.org. The History of Parliament Trust 1964-2017.
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  27. ^ Laughton, John Knox. "Warde Luke". Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900. Wikisource. Retrieved 6 June 2018.
  28. ^ "LEVESON, Sir Richard (1570-1605), of Lilleshall Lodge, Salop; Trentham and Parton, Staffs. and Bethnal Green, Mdx. | History of Parliament Online". www.historyofparliamentonline.org. The History of Parliament Trust 1964-2017. Retrieved 6 June 2018.
  29. ^ "MANSELL, Sir Robert (c.1569-1656), of Pentney and Norwich, Norf. and Penrice, Glam. History of Parliament Online". historyofparliamentonline.org. Institute of Historical Research, University of London: The History of Parliament Trust 1964-2017. Retrieved 25 June 2018.
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  31. ISBN 9780786438099
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  32. ^ "3: from the accession of James 1 to the death of Queen Anne". British Naval Biography: Comprising the Lives of the Most Distinguished Admirals, from Howard to Codrington, with an Outline of the Naval History of England, from the Earliest Period to the Present Time. London, England: Scott, Webster, and Geary. 1840. p. 64.
  33. ^ a b Davidson, Alan; Thrush, Andrew (2010). "Howard, Sir Francis (1585-1651), of Sayes Court, Chertsey and Eastwick House, Great Bookham, Surr". In Ferris, John P.; Thrush, Andrew (eds.). The House of Commons 1604-1629. The History of Parliament Trust. Retrieved 9 June 2018.
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  35. ISBN 9781584772323
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  36. ^ Bruce, John; Hamilton, William Douglas; Lomas, Mrs Sophia Crawford (1865). Calendar of State Papers, Domestic Series, of the Reign of Charles I ...: 1635. Longman, Brown, Green, Longmans, & Roberts. pp. 54–55.
  37. ^ Laughton, J. K. (1895). "Penington, John" . In Lee, Sidney (ed.). Dictionary of National Biography. Vol. 44. London: Smith, Elder & Co.
  38. ^ Bowle, John (1975). Charles I: a biography. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. p. 223.
  39. ISBN 9781843831211
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  40. ISBN 9780946995844
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  41. ISBN 9780719547065
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  42. ^ Charnock, John (1794). Biographia navalis; or, Impartial memoirs of the lives ... of officers of the navy of Great Britain from ... 1660. London, England: R. Faulder. p. 31. Biographia navalis Volume 1.
  43. ^ Charnock, John (1794). Biographia navalis; or, Impartial memoirs of the lives ... of officers of the navy of Great Britain from ... 1660. London, England: R. Faulder. p. 33. Biographia navalis Volume 1.
  44. ^ Davies, J. D. (2008). "Kempthorne, Sir John". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  45. ^ Bays, John (2015). "Royal Bastards and Mistresses: The Shadow Courts of Restoration England". Charleston, Illinois, United States: Eastern Illinois University. p. 17. Retrieved 27 February 2019.
  46. ISBN 9782600034678
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Sources

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