Amiga custom chips

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In addition to the

Amiga chipsets, various specially designed chips have been used in Commodore Amiga
computers that do not belong to the 'Amiga chipset' in a tight sense.

System logic

Amiga 3000 motherboard showing various custom chips

Gary

CSG 5719 Gary, short for Gate Array, has been used in the

discretely in the earlier Amiga 1000
in order to reduce costs.

Fat Gary

Fat Gary in Amiga 4000

Fat Gary was Gary's upgrade for the 32-bit A3000/T and A4000/T.

Gayle

Gayle replaced Gary in the A600 and A1200. It also incorporates the control logic for the PCMCIA and internal ATA interface on these systems.

Akiko

Akiko is the

AGA chipset used in that system. Akiko is responsible for implementing system glue logic that in previous Amiga models were found in the discrete chips Budgie, Gayle and the two CIAs. In detail, it includes control logic for the CD32's CD-ROM controller, system timers, the two game ports, the serial ('AUX') port, and the chip memory soldered onto the motherboard.[1]
It controls a one kilobyte EEPROM for saving data such as highscores etc.

Additionally, the Akiko chip is able to assist simple '

overhead
. The conversion works by writing 32 8-bit chunky pixels to Akiko's registers and reading back eight 32-bit words of converted planar data to be copied to the display buffer.

Bridgette

Bridgette is an integrated bus buffer in the A4000 series. It connects the chip, CPU and I/O buses. It replaces six

74F646s and four 74F245s chips used in the original A3000 design.[2]

Expansion

Buster

Buster is the expansion BUS conTrollER

Zorro II
expansion subsystem.

Super Buster (Fat Buster)

Super Buster in A4000

The Amiga 3000 and 4000 lines use Super Buster for bus control and arbitration of both Zorro II and

Zorro III subsystems.[4] Super Buster's development was never really finished, so there are various levels of compatibility.[5]
All revision Super Buster are pin-compatible and can be upgraded.

  • Level I - up to rev 7 (A3000), only provides support for basic Zorro III without DMA.
  • Level II
    • rev 9 (A4000) is slightly faster than Level I. It provides DMA support, but has a bug that might lead to a bus lockup.
    • rev 11 (Late A4000, A4000CR, A4000T and aftermarket) provides DMA support for a single bus master. A 16 MHz A3000 requires a 25 MHz upgrade for Buster 11 to work.

All revisions fully support Zorro II

PIO
and DMA.

Budgie

Used in the A1200, Budgie connects the trapdoor expansion port for Zorro II-like expansions and controls additional Fast RAM.

Memory and direct memory access

8727 DMA

The MOS Technology 8727 DMA was used on the A2090(A)

ST-506/SCSI Controller and provides DMA management for the Konan DJC-002 (ST-506) and the WD33C93 SCSI controllers with byte-to-word funnelling and a 64-byte FIFO buffer.[6]

DMAC

Used in A2091/A590 SCSI adapters, the CDTV, and the A570 CDROM expansion, the 16-bit DMAC provides DMA and bus interface for the WD33C93A SCSI controller or the A570's XC2064 FPGA chip and includes 24-bit address generation.

Ramsey & Super DMAC

Ramsey in A4000T

In the A3000 and A4000 series, Ramsey controls the on-board 32-bit Fast RAM, four banks of either 1 or 4 MiB, and provides address generation for Super DMAC. The SDMAC in the A3000/T provides DMA and bus interface for the integrated WD33C93A SCSI controller.

Officially, SDMAC rev 02 requires a Ramsey 04, and SDMAC 04 a Ramsey 07 counterpart.[7] but SDMAC 04 + Ramsey 04 combinations have been reported to work as well.[8] A combination of SDMAC 02 + Ramsey 07 generally works, but major hard disk errors have been reported.

Kickstart

A1200 Kickstart 3.0 ROMs

The

EPROMs
.

Input/output

CIA

All Amiga computers use two 8520 CIAs (Complex Interface Adapter) for peripheral interfacing and the system timers, except for the CD32, where these functions are performed by the Akiko chip. The CIA chips were also used in some other Commodore devices.

  • 'Even' CIA functions: floppy control, serial control, some parallel port status
  • 'Odd' CIA functions: parallel port, keyboard, some floppy support, joystick/mouse button number one.

Video

390562

The 'Hedley Controller' 390562-01 was used in the A2024 high resolution monitor and controlled the frame buffer (usually eight 64K×4 DRAMs) in either flicker fixer mode or its own special 1024×800/1024×1024 resolution modes.

Amber

Amber (390538-03) was used in the A3000(T) and on the A2320

scan doubler
, but has not been marketed that way.

Vidiot

The Vidiot is a hybrid integrated circuit that works as digital-to-analog converter (DAC) for the OCS/ECS generation's 12-bit video to analog RGB output. It also generates a monochrome composite video signal and combined sync. The A3000 uses one Vidiot each for 15 kHz video and for 31 kHz (Amber) output. The A1000 uses discrete resistor arrays and amplification. The A600 and AGA Amigas use off-the-shelf DACs.

References

  1. ^ "The Big Book of Amiga Hardware – Custom Chips: Akiko".
  2. ^ Amiga Wiki - Bridgette
  3. ^ Name according to Dave Haynie's eBay listing of the Fat Buster "tower" prototype in April 2011
  4. ^ "The Dave Haynie Archives - Fat Buster II specifications" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-05-14. Retrieved 2010-08-13.
  5. ^ Big Book of Amiga Hardware – Custom Chips: Buster
  6. ^ A2090A Hard Disk Controller Tech Data, Commodore Electronics Ltd., October 1988
  7. ^ Big Book of Amiga Hardware – Custom Chips: Ramsey
  8. ^ amiga.org thread on A3000 chip revisions
  • Commodore Amiga 500/2000 technical reference manual
  • A3000 system schematics, March 1990
  • A4000 system schematics, March 1992
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