Amphilophus
| Amphilophus | |
|---|---|
| |
| Midas cichlid (A. citrinellus) | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Actinopterygii |
| Order: | Cichliformes |
| Family: | Cichlidae |
| Tribe: | Heroini |
| Genus: | Amphilophus Agassiz, 1859 |
| Type species | |
| Amphilophus froebelii Agassiz, 1859
| |
| Synonyms | |
| |
Amphilophus is a genus of cichlid fishes from Central America, ranging from southern Mexico to Panama. The genus currently contains 23 species, including several that are well known from the aquarium trade. However, studies led by Oldřich Říčan in 2008 and 2016 suggested that several species within Amphilophus should be moved to the genus Astatheros.[1][2] Species proposed to be moved to Astatheros in 2008 were A. alfari, A. altifrons, A. bussingi, A. diquis, A. longimanus, A. macracanthus (which would be the type species for Astatheros), A. margaritifer, A. rhytisma, A. robertsoni and A. rostratus.[1] Further genetic studies led Říčan to put A. macracanthus in Astatheros, but to put A. alfari, A. altifrons, A. bussingi, A. diquis, A. longimanus, A. rhytisma, A. robertsoni and A. rostratus within the genus Cribroheros.[2] Říčan's study suggests that the Astatheros species are more closely related to the Jack Dempsey and rainbow cichlid than to the remaining Amphilophus species.[1]
Several species from this genus are endemic to the small Lake Apoyo (6 species) and Lake Xiloá (4 species) in Nicaragua, and are believed to be the result of sympatric speciation.[3]
Species
According to
- Amphilophus amarillo Stauffer & McKaye, 2002
- Amphilophus astorquii Stauffer, McCrary & K. E. Black, 2008 (Black midas cichlid)[7]
- Amphilophus chancho Stauffer, McCrary & K. E. Black, 2008[7]
- Amphilophus citrinellus (Günther, 1864) (Midas cichlid)
- Amphilophus flaveolus Stauffer, McCrary & K. E. Black, 2008[7]
- Amphilophus globosus Geiger, McCrary & Stauffer, 2010[8]
- Amphilophus hogaboomorum (Carr & Giovannoli, 1950)
- Amphilophus labiatus (Günther, 1864) (Red devil)
- Amphilophus lyonsi (J. P. Gosse, 1966)
- Amphilophus margaritifer (Günther, 1862)
- Amphilophus sagittae Stauffer & McKaye, 2002
- Amphilophus supercilius Geiger, McCrary & Stauffer, 2010[8]
- Amphilophus tolteca Recknagel, Kusche, Elmer & A. Meyer, 2013[5]
- Amphilophus trimaculatus (Günther, 1867) (Three spot cichlid)
- Amphilophus viridis Recknagel, Kusche, Elmer & A. Meyer, 2013[5]
- Amphilophus xiloaensis Stauffer & McKaye, 2002
- Amphilophus zaliosus (Barlow, 1976) (Arrow cichlid)
References
- ^ a b c Heijns, W. (July 2009). "Central American heroine cichlids, a phylogenetic approach". Cichlid News. pp. 14–22.
- ^ .
- ^ Dittmann, Roesti, Indermaur, Colombo, Gschwind, Keller, Kovac, Barluenga, Muschick, and Salzburger (2012). Depth-dependent abundance of Midas Cichlid fish (Amphilophus spp.) in two Nicaraguan crater lakes. Hydrobiologia 686(1): 277-285.
- ^ Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2019). Species of Amphilophus in FishBase. July 2019 version.
- ^ a b c Recknagel, H., Kusche, H., Elmer, K.R. & Meyer, A. (2013): Two new endemic species in the Midas cichlid species complex from Nicaraguan crater lakes: Amphilophus tolteca and Amphilophus viridis (Perciformes, Cichlidae).[permanent dead link] aqua, International Journal of Ichthyology, 19 (4): 207-224.
- ^ Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Species in the genus Amphilophus". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 14 July 2019.
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