Anaptychia

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Anaptychia
Apothecia of Anaptychia ciliaris
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Fungi
Division: Ascomycota
Class: Lecanoromycetes
Order: Caliciales
Family: Physciaceae
Genus: Anaptychia
Körb.
(1848)
Type species
Anaptychia ciliaris
(L.) Körb. (1853)
Species

A. ciliaris
A. crinalis
A. desertorum
A. elbursiana
A. ethiopica
A. isidiza
A. nevadensis
A. roemerioides

Synonyms[1]
  • Anaptychiomyces E.A.Thomas (1939)
  • Hagenia
    Eschw.
    (1824)
  • Imbricaria (
    Michx.
    (1803)
  • Lichen sect. Imbricaria Schreb. (1791)
  • Lichenoides
    Hoffm.
    (1789)
  • Parmelia sect. Imbricaria (Schreb.) Fr. (1825)
  • Tornabenia
    A.Massal.
    (1853)

Anaptychia is a

fungi in the family Physciaceae.[2] Anaptychia species are foliose lichens. They have brown, thin-walled spores with a single septum, and a prosoplechtenchymatous upper cortex.[3]

Taxonomy

The genus was circumscribed by German lichenologist Gustav Wilhelm Körber in his 1848 work Grundriss der Kryptogamen-Kunde.[4] In his 1962 monograph on the genus, Syo Kurokawa included 88 species.[5] A few years later, Josef Poelt thought the genus should be divided into two genera – Anaptychia and Heterodermia – based largely on differences in spore structure.[6] William Culberson supported this opinion, emphasizing the presence of distinct chemical characteristics between the two groups.[7]

Some species of Anaptychia were transferred to the genus Kurokawia, newly circumscribed in 2021.[8]

Other advancements in the

orthographic variant A. ulotrichoides has been mistakenly applied to a different species that reproduces primarily through fragmentation. These taxonomic updates, while significant, have been underreported in North American literature, possibly due to language barriers, as some of the research was published in Russian.[9]

Description

Anaptychia lichens have a thallus that ranges from leaf-like (foliose) to slightly shrubby (somewhat fruticose) in nature. These can be of small to medium size, with a degree of attachment that ranges from moderate to quite loose. In terms of colouration, they vary from a muted white or grey to a darker brown shade. The upper surface of the thallus can display a variety of features. In some species, it remains completely smooth, while others might exhibit a light dusting known as pruina. Still, others might have a soft covering of fine, cortex-derived hairs or larger tapering hairs, especially closer to the edges of the lobes. There might also be the presence of marginal hair-like projections, referred to as cilia. The lichen's lower surface can be of a light hue which may darken over time, and it can range from having a sparse to a dense presence of root-like structures known as rhizines. These rhizines might be of a simple (unbranched) form, split into a few branches, or exhibit intricate branching.[12]

The uppermost protective layer, or cortex, displays a patterned cellular arrangement of outward-facing, thick-walled hyphae. In contrast, the lower cortex can either be absent or display a similar arrangement, but it might sometimes appear less structured and not distinctly separate from the inner fleshy layer, known as the medulla.[12]

Anaptychia bears reproductive structures known as

conidia that are rod-shaped to slightly cylindrical, with sizes ranging between 3.5–6 μm in length and up to 6.1 μm in width.[12]

Species

As of January 2024[update],

Species Fungorum accepts 5 species of Anaptychia.[13]

References

  1. Species Fungorum
    . Retrieved 19 August 2020.
  2. hdl:10481/61998
    .
  3. doi:10.5735/085.045.0106
    .
  4. ^ Körber, Gustav Wihlem (1848). Grundriss der Kryptogamen-Kunde [Foundations of Cryptogamic Knowledge]. Breslau: Ed. Trewendt. p. 87.
  5. ^ Kurokawa, Syo (1962). A Monograph of the Genus Anaptychia. Weinheim: J. Cramer.
  6. ^ Poelt, Josef (1965). "Zur Systematik der Flechtenfamilie Physciaceae" [On the systematics of the lichen family Physciaceae]. Nova Hedwigia (in German). 9: 21–32.
  7. JSTOR 3240580
    .
  8. doi:10.1556/034.63.2021.3-4.8
    .
  9. ^
    doi:10.1639/0007-2745-125.4.571
    .
  10. ^ Kulakov, V.G. (2003). "Foliose and fruticulose lichens of Baskunchak Lake vicinity". Botanicheskii Zhurnal. 88 (9): 96–104.
  11. ^ Urbanavichus, G.P. (2008). "Anaptychia". In Golubkova, N.S. (ed.). Handbook of the lichens of Russia 10. St. Petersburg: Russian Academy of Sciences. pp. 134–149.
  12. ^
    doi:10.1639/0007-2745(2007)110[788:asotna]2.0.co;2
    .
  13. ^ "Anaptychia". Catalogue of Life. Species 2000: Leiden, the Netherlands. Retrieved 29 September 2023.
  14. doi:10.1017/s0024282976000212
    .

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