Archivist of the United States
Archivist of the United States | |
---|---|
National Archives and Records Administration | |
Style | Ms. Archivist |
Status | Chief administrator |
Seat | National Archives Building, Washington, D.C. |
Appointer | The President with Senate advice and consent |
Term length | No fixed term |
Constituting instrument | 44 U.S.C. § 2103 |
Formation | June 19, 1934 |
First holder | Robert Digges Wimberly Connor |
Deputy | Deputy Archivist of the United States |
Salary | Executive Schedule, level III |
Website | archives.gov |
The Archivist of the United States is the head and chief administrator of the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) of the United States. The Archivist is responsible for the supervision and direction of the National Archives.[1]
The first Archivist,
President Joe Biden nominated Colleen Joy Shogan for the position on August 3, 2022, with her being confirmed and sworn in by the Senate in May 2023. She is the first woman to hold the position permanently.[2][3][4]
Background and role
The Archivist is appointed by the
Under Public Law No. 98-497, the Archivist also must maintain custody of state ratifications of amendments to the Constitution. It is the Archivist's duty to issue a certificate proclaiming a particular amendment duly ratified and part of the Constitution if the legislatures of at least three-quarters of the states approve the proposed amendment.[5] The Amendment and its certificate of ratification are then published in the Federal Register and the amendment is included in the United States Statutes at Large. Before the enactment of that statute in 1984, that duty was vested in the General Services Administration, and, before the establishment of that agency in 1949, it formed part of the duties of the United States Secretary of State.
In accordance with Title 1, Chapter 2 §106a of the
By means of the Office of the Federal Register, the National Archives also publishes documents of the Executive Branch, such as presidential proclamations and executive orders, retaining custody of the original signed documents. The National Archives also has many duties regarding the preservation of presidential papers and materials.
In all United States presidential elections, the Archivist also has duties concerning the custody of
Archivists of the United States
No.[a] | Portrait | Archivist | Term | Appointed by | Ref. | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Start | End | |||||
1 | Robert Digges Wimberly Connor | October 10, 1934 | September 15, 1941 | Franklin D. Roosevelt | [9] | |
2 | Solon J. Buck | September 18, 1941 | May 31, 1948 | [10] | ||
3 | Wayne C. Grover | June 2, 1948 | November 6, 1965 | Harry S. Truman | [11] | |
4 | Robert H. Bahmer | November 7, 1965[b] | March 9, 1968 | Lyndon B. Johnson | [12] | |
5 | James B. Rhoads | March 10, 1968[c] | August 31, 1979 | [13] | ||
– | James E. O'Neill | September 1, 1979 | July 23, 1980 | Jimmy Carter | [14] | |
6 | Robert M. Warner | July 24, 1980 | April 15, 1985 | [15] | ||
– | Frank G. Burke | April 16, 1985 | December 4, 1987 | Ronald Reagan | [16] | |
7 | Don W. Wilson | December 4, 1987 | March 24, 1993 | [17] | ||
– | Trudy Huskamp Peterson | March 25, 1993 | May 29, 1995 | Bill Clinton | [18] | |
8 | John W. Carlin | May 30, 1995 | February 15, 2005 | [19] | ||
9 | Allen Weinstein | February 16, 2005 | December 19, 2008 | George W. Bush | [20] | |
– | Adrienne Thomas | December 19, 2008 | November 5, 2009 | [21] | ||
10 | David Ferriero | November 6, 2009 | April 30, 2022 | Barack Obama | [22] | |
– | Debra Steidel Wall | May 1, 2022 | May 17, 2023 | Joe Biden | [23] | |
11 | Colleen Joy Shogan | May 17, 2023 | Incumbent | [24] |
Notes
- ^ A dash denotes Acting Archivist of the United States
- ^ Served first as Acting Archivist of the United States from November 7, 1965, until his appointment as Archivist of the United States on January 16, 1966.
- ^ Served first as Acting Archivist of the United States from March 10, 1968, until his appointment as Archivist of the United States on May 2, 1968.
References
- ^ 44 U.S.C. § 2102
- ^ "PN2457 - Nomination of Colleen Joy Shogan for National Archives and Records Administration, 117th Congress (2021-2022)". August 3, 2022.
- ^ "Shogan Confirmed by U.S. Senate as 11th Archivist of the United States". National Archives. May 9, 2023. Retrieved May 11, 2023.
- ^ "Shogan Assumes Office as 11th Archivist of the United States". National Archives and Records Administration. May 17, 2023. Retrieved May 18, 2023.
- Pub. L.98–497
- ^ 1 U.S.C. § 106a
- ^ 3 U.S.C. §§ 6–13
- ^ U. S. Electoral College: Roles and Responsibilities
- ^ "Robert D.W. Connor, First Archivist of the United States (Archivist: 1934–1941)". National Archives. National Archives and Records Administration. August 15, 2016. Retrieved August 9, 2022.
- ^ "Solon Justus Buck, Second Archivist of the United States (Archivist: 1941–1948)". National Archives. National Archives and Records Administration. August 15, 2016. Retrieved August 9, 2022.
- ^ "Wayne Grover, Third Archivist of the United States (1948–1965)". National Archives. National Archives and Records Administration. August 15, 2016. Retrieved August 9, 2022.
- ^ "Robert H. Bahmer, Fourth Archivist of the United States (Archivist: 1965–1968)". National Archives. National Archives and Records Administration. August 15, 2016. Retrieved August 9, 2022.
- ^ "Robert H. Bahmer, Fourth Archivist of the United States (Archivist: 1965–1968)". National Archives. National Archives and Records Administration. August 15, 2016. Retrieved August 9, 2022.
- ^ "James E. O'Neill, Acting Archivist of the United States (1979-1980)". National Archives. National Archives and Records Administration. August 15, 2016. Retrieved August 9, 2022.
- ^ "Robert M. Warner, Sixth Archivist of the United States (Archivist: 1980-1985)". National Archives. National Archives and Records Administration. August 15, 2016. Retrieved August 9, 2022.
- ^ "Frank G. Burke, Acting Archivist of the United States (1985-1987)". National Archives. National Archives and Records Administration. August 15, 2016. Retrieved August 9, 2022.
- ^ "Don W. Wilson, Seventh Archivist of the United States (Archivist: 1987–1993)". National Archives. National Archives and Records Administration. August 15, 2016. Retrieved August 9, 2022.
- ^ "Trudy Huskamp Peterson, Acting Archivist of the United States (1993-1995)". National Archives. National Archives and Records Administration. August 15, 2016. Retrieved August 9, 2022.
- ^ "John Carlin, Eighth Archivist of the United States (Archivist: 1995-2005)". National Archives. National Archives and Records Administration. August 15, 2016. Retrieved August 9, 2022.
- ^ "Allen Weinstein, Ninth Archivist of the United States (2005-2008)". National Archives. National Archives and Records Administration. August 15, 2016. Retrieved August 9, 2022.
- ^ "Adrienne Thomas, Acting Archivist of the United States (2008-2009)". National Archives. National Archives and Records Administration. August 15, 2016. Retrieved August 9, 2022.
- ^ "David S. Ferriero, Tenth Archivist of the United States". National Archives. National Archives and Records Administration. August 15, 2016. Retrieved August 9, 2022.
- ^ "Acting Archivist of the United States". National Archives. National Archives and Records Administration. March 4, 2022. Retrieved August 9, 2022.
- ^ "Shogan Confirmed by U.S. Senate as 11th Archivist of the United States". National Archives. National Archives and Records Administration. May 10, 2023. Retrieved May 10, 2023.