Arthur L. Horwich

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Arthur L. Horwich
Gairdner Foundation International Award (2004)
  • Wiley Prize (2007)
  • Rosenstiel Award (2008)
  • Louisa Gross Horwitz Prize (2008)
  • Lasker Award (2011)
  • Albany Prize (2016)
  • Shaw Prize (2012)
  • Breakthrough Prize (2020) BBVA Foundation Frontiers of Knowledge Award (2023)
    • Scientific career
    FieldsBiology
    Institutions
    Notable studentsTapan K. Chaudhuri[1]

    Arthur L. Horwich (born 1951) is an American biologist and Sterling Professor of Genetics and Pediatrics at the Yale School of Medicine.[2][3] Horwich has also been a Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator since 1990.[4] His research into protein folding uncovered the action of chaperonins, protein complexes that assist the folding of other proteins; Horwich first published this work in 1989.[5][6]

    For his scientific work Horwich has been awarded the Gairdner International Award (2004), Louisa Gross Horwitz Prize (2008), Lasker Award (2011),[7] Shaw Prize (2012), Albany Medical Center Prize (2016), and Breakthrough Prize (2020). He is a member of the National Academy of Sciences and the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.[8][9]

    Early years

    Horwich was born in 1951. He grew up in

    La Jolla, California for a postdoctoral position in molecular biology and virology.[10] At Salk, he worked in Walter Eckhart's laboratory alongside Tony Hunter and witnessed Hunter's discovery of tyrosine phosphorylation.[10] He credits this time with sharpening his skills as a scientist. He said, "Tony taught me the nuts and bolts of thinking about a problem."[10]

    Research

    In 1981, Horwich moved back to

    Yale University School of Medicine. He worked in the laboratory of Leon Rosenberg.[11]

    In 1984, he moved across the hall from Rosenberg's lab to start his own laboratory as an assistant professor in the department of genetics. He still collaborated with members of the Rosenberg laboratory, including Wayne Fenton. As an independent researcher, Horwich asked whether the pathway that imports an enzyme called

    HSP60, Heat shock protein 60, because it has a mass of 60 kDa and is produced in larger quantity in response to heat. Hsp60 is found in an 850 kDa double ring assembly, each ring containing 7 copies of Hsp60. Such assemblies, known as chaperonins, also exist in other cellular compartments and are essential components, mediating protein folding under both heat shock and normal conditions.[12]

    Since 1987, Horwich and his colleagues have been studying these molecules both in vivo and in vitro, with particular emphasis on the Hsp60 homologue in E. coli known as GroEL. They and others found early on that a chaperonin-mediated folding reaction can be reconstituted in a test tube, and that has enabled structural and functional studies that have begun to explain how chaperonins work.

    Awards and honors

    References

    1. ^ "Tapan K. Chahudhuri- Chaperone Mediated Protein Folding, Protein Engineering and Molecular Biophysics Group".
    2. ^ a b "Arthur L. Horwich". Yale School of Medicine. Archived from the original on May 30, 2008. Retrieved March 18, 2008.
    3. ^ "Form leads to function". Yale School of Medicine. Archived from the original on May 21, 2008. Retrieved January 24, 2008.
    4. ^ a b "Arthur L. Horwich, M.D". Howard Hughes Medical Institute. Retrieved January 24, 2008.
    5. S2CID 4333381
      .
    6. ISSN 0099-9660
      . Retrieved 2022-02-11.
    7. ISSN 0362-4331
      . Retrieved 2022-02-11.
    8. PMID 15479759
      .
    9. ^ Hahamy, Madison (2021-05-04). "14 Yale faculty recently elected to the American Academy of Arts & Sciences". Yale Daily News. Retrieved 2022-02-11.
    10. ^
      PMID 15479759
      .
    11. ^ "Horwich is Higgins Professor of Cellular, Molecular Physiology". Yale
    12. PMID 3295876
      .
    13. ^ "Past Recipients". The Protein Society. Archived from the original on May 13, 2008. Retrieved February 1, 2008.
    14. ^ "2004 winners". The Gairdner Foundation. Archived from the original on December 14, 2007. Retrieved January 24, 2008.
    15. ^ "Past Recipients". The Protein Society. Archived from the original on May 13, 2008. Retrieved February 1, 2008.
    16. ^ "Recipients Of 6th Annual Wiley Prize In Biomedical Sciences Announced By Wiley Foundation". Medical News Today. February 2, 2007. Archived from the original on August 13, 2007. Retrieved January 24, 2008.
    17. ^ "Award Winners 2008". Brandeis University. Archived from the original on August 20, 2007. Retrieved February 1, 2008.
    18. ^ Louisa Gross Horwitz Prize 2008
    19. ^ "2011 Lasker Award Description". The Lasker Foundation. Retrieved September 12, 2011.
    20. ^ "Brown confers nine honorary degrees". Brown University. May 25, 2014. Retrieved May 27, 2014.
    21. ^ "Dr. Paul Janssen Award". Dr. Paul Janssen Award. Retrieved 2022-02-11.
    22. ^ Breakthrough Prize in Life Sciences 2020
    23. ^ Backman, Isabella. "Nakasone Prize Won By Arthur Horwich, MD". medicine.yale.edu. Retrieved 2022-02-11.
    24. ^ BBVA Foundation Frontiers of Knowledge Award 2023

    External links

    Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Arthur_L._Horwich&oldid=1203213028"