Australasian snapper

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Australasian snapper
Australasian snapper, Pagrus auratus, at
Melbourne Aquarium
.

Least Concern  (IUCN 3.1)[1]
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Spariformes
Family: Sparidae
Genus: Pagrus
Species:
P. auratus
Binomial name
Pagrus auratus
(Forster, 1801)
Distribution of Australasian snapper
Synonyms

Chrysophrys auratus (Forster, 1801)

The Australasian snapper (Pagrus auratus) or silver seabream is a species of

porgie found in coastal waters of Australia, Philippines, Indonesia, mainland China, Taiwan, Japan and New Zealand. Its distribution areas in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres are disjunct.[2] Although it is almost universally known in Australia and New Zealand as snapper, it does not belong to the Lutjanidae
snapper family. It is highly prized as an edible fish, with a sweet sea taste and a firm texture.

The species name is Chrysophrys auratus, but previously referred to as Pagrus auratus.[1][2]

Regional variation in naming

Large snapper caught off Frankston, Victoria, in 1893

Australia: cocknies (young smaller than legal size), red bream or pinkies (legal size), squire or squirefish (when bigger), snapper (at full size)

Western Australia: "pink snapper"[3] to distinguish it from unrelated species[4]

Victoria: also schnapper (ref: Schnapper Point, Mornington)

South Australia: the name "ruggers" is often used for smaller fish of legal size

light horseman.[6]

New Zealand: snapper (or New Zealand snapper when there is need to distinguish from other species of snapper). Māori: tāmure (adult fish), karatī (juveniles)[7]

Habitat

Capture of wild Australasian snapper in thousand tonnes, 1950–2010, as reported by the FAO[8]

The Australasian snapper is found on all coasts of New Zealand, especially in the north. In Australia, it is found along the south coast, mainly near

Port Phillip Bay
has a renowned seasonal snapper run.

Growth rates within the wild stocks vary with some (i.e. the Hauraki Gulf, NZ) growing rapidly and to a smaller maximum length, while stocks in east and west Australia are known to grow more slowly. The species is capable of living about 40 years throughout much of its range in Australia, and the Australian recordholder of 40 years and 10 months was a 93.5 cm (36.8 in) large-nosed male, caught on 1 September 2007 off Bunbury, West Australia, and photographed on the day of capture.

growth overfishing of the various populations of snapper throughout its range. This may be important with recent developments in technology such as GPS
.

In a human context

Snapper was an important traditional food for Māori, especially the tribes to the north of the North Island, where snapper bones sometimes make up the majority of archaeological middens. Snapper is known by multiple names, including tāmure, a word to describe adults, and karatī, a word describing juvenile fish.[11]

There are numerous traditional ways to prepare the fish. One specific to snapper was kaniwha, where the meat would be submerged in fresh water and squeezed numerous times, then eaten raw. The nene (base of the tongue) was considered the most prestigious part of the fish to eat.[11]

Fisheries

Aquaculture production of farmed Australasian snapper in thousand tonnes, 1950–2010, as reported by the FAO[8]
Global harvest in thousand tonnes[8]

Catches of Australasian snapper have varied between 25,600 and 34,300 tonnes in 2000–2009, with Japan and New Zealand reporting the largest catches.[12]

See also

References

  1. ^
    doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2014-3.RLTS.T154734A47028414.en
    . Retrieved 11 November 2021.
  2. ^ a b Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.) (2012). "Chrysophrys auratus" in FishBase. September 2012 version.
  3. ^ "Relationships among partial and whole lengths and weights for Western Australian Pink Snapper Chrysophrys auratus (Sparidae) - Department of Fisheries, Western Australia, Fish for the Future". Archived from the original on 19 August 2006. Retrieved 2006-07-22.
  4. ^ "Fishing Australia with the Definitive Aussie Interactive Sports Fishing Website! - Sportsfish Australia". Archived from the original on 3 July 2006. Retrieved 2006-07-22.
  5. ISBN 0-19-553099-3
  6. ^ Matthew Flinders. A Voyage to Terra Australis, volume 1 at Project Gutenberg, entry for 3 May 1802
  7. ISBN 978-0-9582829-6-3
  8. ^ a b c Based on data sourced from the FishStat database Archived November 7, 2012, at the Wayback Machine
  9. Journal of the Royal Society of Western Australia
    . 93: 129–32.
  10. ^ Dianne J. Bray & Martin F. Gomon, 2011, Snapper, Chrysophrys auratus, in Fishes of Australia, accessed 09 Sep 2014, http://www.fishesofaustralia.net.au/home/species/678
  11. ^
    Wikidata Q114871191
    .
  12. FAO. p. 162. Archived from the original
    (PDF) on 2017-05-19.

External links

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