Sparidae
Sparidae Temporal range:
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Gilt-head bream (Sparus auratus) | |
Scientific classification | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Chordata |
Class: | Actinopterygii |
Order: | Spariformes |
Family: | Sparidae Rafinesque, 1810[1] |
Genera | |
see text | |
Synonyms[2][1] | |
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Sparidae is a
Taxonomy
Sparidae was first proposed as a family in 1818 by the French
In the past workers recognised six
Etymology
Sparidae takes its name from its type genus, Sparus, that name coming from the Greek for its only species the gilt-head bream (Sparus aurata).[5]
Genera
The family Sparidae contains about 155 species in 38 genera:
- Acanthopagrus Peters, 1855
- Amamiichthys F. Tanaka & Iwatsuki, 2015 [6]
- Archosargus Gill, 1865
- Argyrops Swainson, 1839
- Argyrozona J. L. B. Smith, 1938
- Boops Cuvier, 1814
- Boopsoidea Castelnau, 1861
- Calamus Swainson, 1839
- Centracanthus Rafinesque, 1810
- Cheimerius J. L. B. Smith, 1938
- Chrysoblephus Swainson, 1839
- Crenidens Valenciennes, 1830
- CymatocepsJ. L. B. Smith, 1938
- Dentex Cuvier, 1814
- Diplodus Rafinesque, 1810
- Evynnis D. S. Jordan & W. F. Thompson, 1912
- Gymnocrotaphus Günther, 1859
- Lagodon Holbrook, 1855
- Lithognathus Swainson, 1839
- ObladaCuvier, 1829
- Pachymetopon Günther, 1859
- Pagellus Valenciennes, 1830
- Pagrus Cuvier, 1816
- Parargyrops S. Tanaka, 1916
- PetrusJ. L. B. Smith, 1938
- Polyamblyodon Norman, 1935
- Polysteganus Klunzinger, 1870
- PorcostomaJ. L. B. Smith, 1938
- PterogymnusJ. L. B. Smith, 1938
- Rhabdosargus Fowler, 1933
- Sarpa Bonaparte, 1831
- Sparidentex Munro, 1948
- Sparodon J. L. B. Smith, 1938
- Sparus Linnaeus, 1758
- Spicara Rafinesque, 1810
- Spondyliosoma Cantor, 1849
- Stenotomus Gill, 1865
- Virididentex Poll, 1971
Fossil genera include:[7][8][9]
- †Abromasta Day, 2003
- †Burtinia van Beneden, 1873[10]
- †Crommyodus Cope, 1875
- †Ctenodentex Storms, 1896
- †Ellaserrata Day, 2003
- †Kreyenhagenius David, 1946[11]
- †Paracalamus Arambourg, 1927
- †Plectrites Jordan & Gilbert, 1920
- †Pseudosparnodus Day, 2003
- †Pshekharus Bannikov & Kotylar, 2015
- †Rhythmias Jordan & Gilbert, 1920
- †Sciaenurus Agassiz, 1845
- †Sparnodus Agassiz, 1838
Characteristics
Sparidae breams have oblong, moderately deep and compressed bodies. The head is large, with a characteristic steep dorsal slant. There are no scales on the snout but there are scales on the cheeks. The
Distribution and habitat
Sparidae breams are found in tropical and temperate coastal waters around the world.[2] They are demersal fishes on the continental shelf and slope.[12] A few species are found in brackish water, and a few of these will enter fresh water.[2]
Biology
Sparidae breams are predatory with most feeding on benthic invertebrates.
Fisheries
Sparids are highly regarded as food fish and are important target species for commercial fisheries wherever they occur. Between 1990 and 1995, the FAO Yearbook of Fishery Statistics reported that the annual weight of landings was between 2,170 and 4,020 t (2,140 and 3,960 long tons; 2,390 and 4,430 short tons) of sparids in the Western Central Pacific.[12]
Cookery
The most celebrated of the breams in cookery are the gilt-head bream and the common dentex.[15]
See also
- Porgie fishing
References
- ^ PMID 25543675.
- ^ OL 25909650M.
- .
- PMC 5501477.
- ^ "Order SPARIFORMES: Families LETHRINIDAE, NEMIPTERIDAE and SPARIDAE". The ETYFish Project Fish Name Etymology Database. Christopher Scharpf. 17 October 2022. Retrieved 18 December 2023.
- .
- ^ "PBDB Taxon". paleobiodb.org. Retrieved 2024-04-03.
- hdl:10088/25678.
- ISSN 1473-7116.
- ^ Dobbels, Leon (1994). "Soortenlijst van fossiele vissen uit het Eoceen van België" (PDF). Afzettingen WTKG. 15 (4).
- ^ David, Lorre R. (1946). "Some Typical Upper Eogene Fish Scales from California". Contributions to Paleontology. IV.
- ^ a b c K.E. Carpenter (2001). "Sparidae". In Carpenter, K.E. and Niem, V.H. (eds.). FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific. Volume 5. Bony fishes part 3 (Menidae to Pomacentridae) (PDF). FAO Rome. p. 2990.
- ^ a b Froese, Rainer, and Daniel Pauly, eds. (2023). "Sparidae" in FishBase. October 2023 version.
- ISBN 978-1-990951-32-9.
- ISBN 0-14-046174-4, pp. 86–108.