Avrohom Yaakov Friedman (first Sadigura rebbe)
Avrohom Yaakov Friedman | |
---|---|
Yisrael Friedman of Ruzhyn (father) | |
Jewish leader | |
Successor | Yisrael Friedman of Sadigura |
Began | 1851 |
Ended | 1883 |
Main work | Emes LeYaakov |
Dynasty | Sadigura |
Avrohom Yaakov Friedman (October 28, 1820
Early life
Avrohom Yaakov Friedman was born in the town of
As Rebbe
In 1840 the Ruzhiner Rebbe was forced to flee Russia due to persecution by the Tsar. He moved his family to the town of Sadigura, Bukovina, in Austria (Carpathian Mountains).[6] The Ruzhiner Rebbe lived in Sadigura for ten years, building a palatial home and a large synagogue and attracting tens of thousands of Hasidim.[7][8] When the Ruzhiner Rebbe died at the age of 54 on 9 October 1850,[9] each of his sons moved to different towns to establish their own courts. His eldest son, Rabbi Sholom Yosef Friedman (1813–1851),[10] remained in Sadigura to continue leading the court his father had founded, but died ten months later.[11] At this point, the Ruzhiner Rebbe's second son,[10] Rabbi Avrohom Yaakov, assumed the mantle of leadership, becoming known as the first Sadigura Rebbe.[12]
The Sadigura Rebbe maintained the extravagant lifestyle of his father's court, with its lavish accoutrements and showy dress, and also immersed himself in the mysticism of
Theodor Herzl, the visionary of a Jewish state, visited the Rebbe in Sadigura and suggested that the "Wonder Rebbe" move to Palestine to serve as its spiritual leader. In his diary entry of June 16, 1896, Herzl described his vision of the Jewish state as "a destination for the civilized world which will come to visit as it now visits...Sadigura". The Rebbe rejected Herzl and his ideas.[17]
The Sadigura Rebbe was widely known and respected for his wisdom, intellect, and witty speech. Presiding as he did over a court filled with beauty and splendor, giving inspiration to the downtrodden Jews of Galicia, Romania and Ukraine,
The Sadigura Rebbe encouraged and abetted Jews to settle in the
Final years and legacy
In 1881 the Sadigura Rebbe lost his eldest son, Rabbi Shlomo Friedman (1843–1881) and, two years later, his son-in-law, Rabbi Nochum Ber (1843–1883), both promising young men. Long accustomed to eating a minimal diet, the Rebbe stopped eating altogether and died on September 12, 1883 (11 Elul 5643). His yahrtzeit coincided with that of his elder brother, Rabbi Sholom Yosef, who died on 11 Elul thirty-two years earlier.[25] He was buried in the same plot as his father, the Ruzhiner Rebbe, and his brother, Rabbi Dov Ber of Lieov (1822–1876), in Sadigura.[26][27]
After his death, his two sons, Rabbi Yitzchok (1850–1917) and Rabbi Yisrael (1852–1907), assumed joint leadership of their father's Hasidim. Although they were content with this arrangement, many of the Sadigura Hasidim preferred to have one Rebbe, and in 1887, the brothers agreed to draw lots to determine who would stay in Sadigura and who would move out. The lots fell to Rabbi Yisrael to remain as the second Sadigura Rebbe, while Rabbi Yitzchok moved to the neighboring town of Boiany (Boyan) and established his court there, becoming the first Boyaner Rebbe.[28]
Lineage of Sadigura dynastic leadership
- in 1840.
- Sholom Yosef Friedman (1813–1851), son of Yisrael Friedman of Ruzhyn. Rebbe from 1850 to 1851.
- Avrohom Yaakov Friedman (1820–1883), son of Yisrael Friedman of Ruzhyn. First Sadigura rebbe, from 1851 to 1883.
- Yisrael Friedman of Sadigura (1852–1907), son of Avrohom Yaakov Friedman. Rebbe from 1883 to 1907.
- Aharon of Sadigura (1877–1913), son of Yisrael Friedman of Sadigura. Rebbe from 1907 to 1913.
- Avrohom Yaakov Friedman (1884–1961), son of Yisrael Friedman of Sadigura. Rebbe from 1907 to 1961.
- Mordechai Sholom Yosef Friedman (1897–1979), son of Aharon of Sadigura. Rebbe from 1907 to 1979.
- Avrohom Yaakov Friedman of Bnei Brak (1928–2013). Rebbe from 1979 to 2013.
- Tzvi Yisrael Moshe Friedmanof Bnei Brak (b. 1955-2020). Rebbe from 2013 to 2020.
- Yitzchok Yehoshua Heshel Friedman (b. 1996), son of Yisrael Moshe. Rebbe from 2020.
- Avrohom Yaakov Friedman of Bnei Brak (1928–2013). Rebbe from 1979 to 2013.
- Mordechai Sholom Yosef Friedman (1897–1979), son of Aharon of Sadigura. Rebbe from 1907 to 1979.
- Avrohom Yaakov Friedman (1884–1961), son of Yisrael Friedman of Sadigura. Rebbe from 1907 to 1961.
- Aharon of Sadigura (1877–1913), son of Yisrael Friedman of Sadigura. Rebbe from 1907 to 1913.
- Yisrael Friedman of Sadigura (1852–1907), son of Avrohom Yaakov Friedman. Rebbe from 1883 to 1907.
- Avrohom Yaakov Friedman (1820–1883), son of Yisrael Friedman of Ruzhyn. First Sadigura rebbe, from 1851 to 1883.
- Sholom Yosef Friedman (1813–1851), son of Yisrael Friedman of Ruzhyn. Rebbe from 1850 to 1851.
References
- ^ a b c d Friedman, Yisroel. The Golden Dynasty: Ruzhin, the royal house of Chassidus. Jerusalem: The Kest-Lebovits Jewish Heritage and Roots Library, 2nd English edition, 2000, p. 21.
- ^ Friedman, The Golden Dynasty, p. 34.
- ^ Friedman, The Golden Dynasty, p. 28.
- ^ Friedman, The Golden Dynasty, p. 18.
- ^ Friedman, The Golden Dynasty, p. 22.
- ^ Alfassi, Itzhak (2008). "Ruzhin, Israel". Jewish Virtual Library. Retrieved 15 December 2011.
- ^ Friedman, The Golden Dynasty, p. 15.
- ISBN 0899064981. (footnote 24)
- ISBN 0804744688.
- ^ a b Friedman, The Golden Dynasty, p. 20.
- ^ Meringer, Motty (31 August 2009). "The Sadigur Chassidic Court". Tog News. Archived from the original on 2015-05-02. Retrieved 9 January 2013.
- ^ Friedman, The Golden Dynasty, pp. 15–17.
- ^ ISBN 0815604238
- ISBN 1-57819-794-5.
- ^ Friedman, The Golden Dynasty, p. 30.
- ^ Friedman, The Golden Dynasty, pp. 30–31.
- ^ Brayer, The House of Rizhin, p. 358.
- ^ Brayer, The House of Rizhin, pp. 358–359.
- ^ a b Assaf, David. "Ruzhin Hasidic Dynasty". YIVO Encyclopedia of Jews in Eastern Europe. Retrieved 16 January 2013.
- ^ Friedman, The Golden Dynasty, pp. 22–25.
- ^ Brayer, The House of Rizhin, p. 357.
- ^ Brayer, The House of Rizhin, pp. 260–263.
- ^ Friedman, The Golden Dynasty, pp. 11–12.
- ^ Rossoff, Dovid (2005). קדושים אשר בארץ: קברי צדיקים בירושלים ובני ברק [The Holy Ones in the Earth: Graves of Tzaddikim in Jerusalem and Bnei Brak] (in Hebrew). Jerusalem: Machon Otzar HaTorah. pp. 315–316.
- ^ Brayer, The House of Rizhin, pp. 357–358.
- ^ Friedman, The Golden Dynasty, p. 16.
- ^ Assaf, The Regal Way, pp. 323–324.
- ^ Friedman, The Golden Dynasty, p. 76.