Basal forebrain
Basal forebrain | |
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Details | |
Identifiers | |
Latin | pars basalis telencephali |
MeSH | D066187 |
NeuroNames | 1997 |
NeuroLex ID | birnlex_1560 |
TA98 | A14.1.09.401 |
TA2 | 5536 |
FMA | 77700 |
Anatomical terms of neuroanatomy |
Part of the human brain, the basal forebrain structures are located in the forebrain to the front of and below the striatum. They include the ventral basal ganglia (including nucleus accumbens and ventral pallidum), nucleus basalis, diagonal band of Broca, substantia innominata, and the medial septal nucleus. These structures are important in the production of acetylcholine, which is then distributed widely throughout the brain. The basal forebrain is considered to be the major cholinergic output of the central nervous system (CNS) centred on the output of the nucleus basalis.[1] The presence of non-cholinergic neurons projecting to the cortex have been found to act with the cholinergic neurons to dynamically modulate activity in the cortex.[2]
Function
Acetylcholine is known to promote wakefulness in the basal forebrain. Stimulating the basal forebrain gives rise to acetylcholine release, which induces
The importance of non-cholinergic neurons in the basal forebrain structures has been shown in working together with the cholinergic neurons in a dynamically modulatory way. This is seen to play a significant role in cognitive functions.[2]
Nitric oxide production in the basal forebrain is both necessary and sufficient to produce sleep.[5]
Clinical significance
Acetylcholine affects the ability of brain cells to transmit information to one another, and also encourages
It is thought that damage to the nucleus basalis and its cortical projections are implicated in forms of
References
- ^ PMID 19801988.
- ^ PMID 26468190.
- ^ S2CID 31426719.
- ^ PMID 29896085.
- ^ Need To Pull An All-nighter? Reducing Nitric Oxide Gas In The Brain May Help Us Stay Awake
- ^ "Memory Loss & the Brain". Archived from the original on 2006-04-25. Retrieved 2006-04-11.