Battle of the Sambre (1918)

Battle of the Sambre (1918)
	Part of the River Sambre, France
Result	Allied victory

Belligerents

British Empire

France

United States

German EmpireStrength

17 divisions
11 divisions
Unknown

37 tanks

17th Army

2nd ArmyCasualties and losses Unknown Unknown

The Second Battle of the Sambre (4 November 1918) (which included the Second Battle of Guise (French: 2ème Bataille de Guise) and the Battle of Thiérache (French: Bataille de Thiérache) was part of the final European Allied offensives of World War I.^[1]

Background

At the front, German resistance was falling away. Unprecedented numbers of prisoners were taken in the

Namur. Together with the American forces breaking out of the forests of Argonne

, this would, if successful, disrupt the German efforts to reform a shortened defensive line along the Meuse.

At dawn on 4 November, 17 British divisions (including the 3rd and 4th Canadian Divisions of the Canadian Corps assigned to the British First Army) and 11 French divisions headed the attack. The Tank Corps, its resources badly stretched, could provide only 37 tanks for support.^[1]

Battle

The first barrier to the northern attack was the 60–70-foot (18–21 m)-wide

Sambre Canal and the flooded ground around it. It was there that the BEF had fought over four years earlier. The XIII and IX Corps reached the canal first. German guns quickly ranged the attackers, and bodies piled up before the temporary bridges were properly emplaced under heavy fire. The 1st and 32nd Divisions of IX Corps lost around 1,150 men in the crossing, including celebrated war poet Wilfred Owen. Even after the crossing the German forces defended in depth amid the small villages and fields, and it was not until midday that a 2-mile-deep (3 km) by 15-mile-wide (24 km) breach was secured. Lieutenant Colonel D.G. Johnson was awarded the Victoria Cross for leading the 2nd Battalion Sussex Regiment's

crossing of the canal.

Further north,

captured by the New Zealand Division

.

To the south, the French First Army attacked, capturing the communes of Guise (the Second Battle of Guise) and Origny-en-Thiérache (the Battle of Thiérache).

This resulted in a bridgehead almost 50 miles (80 km) long being made, to a depth of 2–3 miles (3–5 km).

From this point, the northern Allies advanced relentlessly, sometimes more than five miles a day, until the Armistice Line of 11 November from Ghent, through Hourain, Bauffe, Havré, to near Consoire, and Sivry [fr].

References

^ ^a ^b ^c Defence, National (22 July 2019). "WWI - Sambre". www.canada.ca. Retrieved 7 March 2022.

50°28′00″N 4°52′00″E / 50.4667°N 4.86667°E / 50.4667; 4.86667

[:0-1] Defence, National (22 July 2019). "WWI - Sambre". www.canada.ca. Retrieved 7 March 2022.

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