Bezirk Lothringen
Department of Lorraine Bezirk Lothringen ( Alsace-Lorraine | |||||||||||
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1871–1918 | |||||||||||
Lorraine department with its districts in different colours (1890) | |||||||||||
Capital | Metz | ||||||||||
Area | |||||||||||
• 1900 | 6,223 km2 (2,403 sq mi) | ||||||||||
• 1910 | 6,228 km2 (2,405 sq mi) | ||||||||||
Population | |||||||||||
• 1900 | 564,829 | ||||||||||
• 1910 | 655,211 | ||||||||||
Government | |||||||||||
• Type | regional administration | ||||||||||
Bezirkspräsident | |||||||||||
• 1871–1872 | G.H. von Donnersmarck | ||||||||||
• 1872–1873 | Botho zu Eulenburg | ||||||||||
• 1875–1876 | Robert von Puttkamer | ||||||||||
Präsident des Bezirkstags (speaker of parl.) | |||||||||||
• 1874–1881 | Édouard Jaunez | ||||||||||
• 1911–1918 | Georges Ditsch | ||||||||||
Legislature | Bezirkstag (parliament) | ||||||||||
Historical era | 19th and 20th century | ||||||||||
1870–1871 | |||||||||||
• seized to Germany | 19 May 1871 | ||||||||||
• reorganisation acc. to German standards | 1871 | ||||||||||
• Bezirkstag est. | 1874 | ||||||||||
• reg. carsign VI C | 1906 | ||||||||||
• French occupation | 1918–1920 | ||||||||||
10 January 1918 | |||||||||||
• reconstituted as Moselle dept. | 1920 | ||||||||||
Political subdivisions | 8 rural districts (as of 1901) 1 urban district (Metz) | ||||||||||
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Today part of | France |
Part of a series on |
Lorraine |
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Bezirk Lothringen (today's French: Présidence
History
The Department of Lorraine was unlike Prussian government regions no simple governorate but a corporation of self-rule of the pertaining rural and urban districts and cantons, similar to regions in the then neighbouring Bavaria (Palatinate), which had been formed after the French model départements into which that region had been divided under French annexation. Thus the district parliaments delegated deputies to the General Council (parliament), the Bezirkstag von Lothringen (French: Conseil Général de la Lorraine). The capital of the Department of Lorraine was Metz.
Territorial composition
The department comprised the districts ("Kreise") of :
- Stadtkreis)
- "Kreis Bolchen", seated in Bolchen (Boulay)
- "Kreis Château-Salins", seated in Château-Salins
- "Kreis Diedenhofen-Ost", seated in Diedenhofen (Thionville)
- "Kreis Diedenhofen-West", seated in Diedenhofen (Thionville)
- "Kreis Forbach", seated in Forbach
- "Kreis Metz-Land", seated in Metz
- "Kreis Saarburg",[3] seated in Saarburg (Sarrebourg)
- "Kreis Saargemünd", seated in Saargemünd (Sarreguemines)
The department of Lorraine corresponds exactly to the current
Department presidents
(German: Bezirkspräsident/today's French: Président de district)
- 1871-1872 : Guido Henckel von Donnersmarck, as préfet/Präfekt
- 1872-1873 : Botho zu Eulenburg, as department president
- 1873-1874 : Adolf von Arnim-Boitzenburg
- 1875-1876 : Robert von Puttkamer
- 1877-1880 : Friedrich Albrecht Karl Johann von Reitzenstein
- 1881-1882 : Adalbert von Flottwell
- 1883-1900 : Hans von Hammerstein-Loxten
- 1901-1912 : Johann Friedrich Alexander von Zeppelin-Aschhausen
- 1913-1918 : Karl von Gemmingen-Hornberg
Bibliography
- Amtsblatt für den Bezirk Lothringen / Recueil officiel des actes administratifs du Département de la Lorraine (departmental legal gazette; appeared December 1870 to 1918)
- Ernst Bruck, Das Verfassungs- und Verwaltungsrecht von Elsaß-Lothringen: 3 vols., Straßburg im Elsass: Trübner, 1908–1910.
- Stefan Fisch, „Das Elsaß im deutschen Kaiserreich (1870/71–1918)“, in: Das Elsass: Historische Landschaft im Wandel der Zeit, Michael Erbe (ed.), Stuttgart: ISBN 3-17-015771-X.
- Georg Lang, Der Regierungs-Bezirk Lothringen: statistisch-topographisches Handbuch, Verwaltung-Schematismus und Adressbuch, Metz: Lang, 1874
- Verhandlungen des Bezirkstages von Lothringen / Procès-verbaux des délibérations du Conseil Général de la Lorraine, Metz (proceedings of the departmental parliament sessions, appeared from 1874 to 1918)
External links
- "Bezirk Lothringen" on territorial.de
References
- ^ F. ROTH La Présidence de Lorraine dans l’Empire allemand de 1871 à 1918, Annales de l’Est, Mémoire n° 50, Nancy, 1976, Moulin-les-Metz, 720 pages
- ^ In official bilingual publications at the time the Bezirk Lothringen is translated as Département de la Lorraine. German was the official language and its promotion was furthered, but bearing the strong proportion of Francophone Lorrainese in mind several bilingual publications appeared especially referring to the area of their settlement in the west and south of the Department or referring to department-wide events and organisations. Cf. the title of the department's legal gazette: Amtsblatt für den Bezirk Lothringen / Recueil officiel des actes administratifs du Département de la Lorraine.
- ^ Not to be confused with the former Rhenish Kreis Saarburg, seated in Saarburg in the Rhineland.
- ^ Jacques Lorraine (Edmond Huntzbuchler): Les Allemands en France. Origines, Bretagne, Zone interdite Est, Bourgogne, Alsace et Lorraine, Alger-Oran: editions du Désert, 1945, pp. 121–124.