Biliary reflux

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

Biliary reflux, bile reflux (gastritis), duodenogastroesophageal reflux (DGER) or duodenogastric reflux is a condition that occurs when bile and/or other contents like bicarbonate, and pancreatic enzymes flow upward (refluxes) from the duodenum into the stomach and esophagus.[1][2]

Biliary reflux can be confused with acid reflux, also known as gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). While bile reflux involves fluid from the small intestine flowing into the stomach and esophagus, acid reflux is backflow of stomach acid into the esophagus. These conditions are often related, and differentiating between the two can be difficult.

gastric reflux. The presence of small amounts of bile in the stomach is relatively common and usually asymptomatic, but excessive refluxed bile causes irritation and inflammation.[3]
Bile reflux has been associated with gastric cancer, chemical gastritis and the development of ulcers.[4]

Symptoms and signs

Bile reflux can be asymptomatic when lying down or after eating, as bile reflux occurs physiologically.[4]

Diagnosis

Bile reflux is usually associated with:

Management

Ursodeoxycholic acid is an adequate treatment of bile reflux gastritis. The dosage is usually of 1,000 mg (15 gr)/day and for a 4 weeks treatment.[5]

Medications used in managing biliary reflux include

cholestyramine, which disrupt the circulation of bile in the digestive tract and sequester bile that would otherwise cause symptoms when refluxed; and prokinetic agents, to move material from the stomach to the small bowel more rapidly and prevent reflux.[citation needed
]

Surgery

Biliary reflux may also be treated surgically, if medications are ineffective or if precancerous tissue is present in the esophagus.[6]

Epidemiology

Obesity is an independent risk factor for development of bile reflux.[1] Bile reflux is very infrequent in healthy individuals.[7]

References

  1. ^
    S2CID 6118821
    .
  2. ISBN 978-0-19-538318-8
    . Retrieved 2 August 2011.
  3. ^ Distinguishing Between Bile Reflux and Acid Reflux can be Difficult
  4. ^
    PMID 17285081
    .
  5. S2CID 3748071
    .
  6. ^ "Bile reflux - Symptoms and causes". Mayo Clinic.
  7. PMID 23961269
    .

External links
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Biliary_reflux&oldid=1219376150"