Cachoeira
Cachoeira | ||
---|---|---|
Municipality of Cachoeira | ||
Area/distance code (00)55 | | |
HDI (2010) | 0.647 – medium[2] | |
National Historic Heritage of Brazil | ||
Designated | 1973 | |
Reference no. | 843 |
Cachoeira (Portuguese, meaning waterfall) is an inland municipality of Bahia, Brazil, on the Paraguaçu River. The town exports sugar, cotton, and tobacco and is a thriving commercial and industrial centre.
The municipality contains 56% of the 10,074 hectares (24,890 acres) Baía do Iguape Marine Extractive Reserve, created in 2000.[3]
São Félix is located directly across the Paraguaçu River from Cachoeira; it also borders the municipalities of Conceição da Feira, Santo Amaro, Saubara, Maragogipe, Governador Mangabeira, and Muritiba.
History
The area of present-day Cachoeira was home to numerous
The settlement became known as Nossa Senhora do Rosário in 1674. It became the second town in Bahia under a Royal Charter of 1693 and was renamed the Vila de Nossa Senhora do Rosário do Porto da Cachoeira do Porto da Cachoeira do Paraguaçu. Because of its location on the Paraguaçu River, the town served as an important economic link between the interior of Bahia and its capital, Salvador; the city connected the agricultural lands of the Reconcavo and the interior sertão region.[5][6]
Cachoeira became a center of the independence movement in the early 19th century. It was a center of the war of the
The worldwide 1846–1860 cholera pandemic reduced the population of Cachoeira and caused widespread social and economic disorder. The disease spread to Salvador in early 1855 and appeared in the Caquende and Pitanga neighborhoods of Cachoeira in August. It soon spread to both urban and rural parts of the town; 100 people died within the first ten days of the arrival of cholera in the Cachoeira. The epidemic disproportionately affected the town's slave population. Ultimately 3,000 died from the disease in the urban part of the city and 8,500 in outlying rural areas. Entire families were lost to cholera, the town was left with numerous orphans, several engenhos closed, and the economy of Cachoeira saw a steadily decline.[5][7]
The city is now a center of tourism, is noted for its historic structures, and is a center of Candomblé.
Population history
Year | Population | Change | Density |
---|---|---|---|
1890 | 12,607 | - | - |
2004 | 31,071 | - | 77.98/km2 |
2006 | 31,966 | - | 80.22/km2 |
2010 | 32,026 | - | 81.03/km2 |
Notable people
- Ana Néri, Brazilian nurse, considered the first in her country, National Hero. [8]
- Giva, football player
- Dionatan Machado, football player
- Mateus Aleluia, Dadinho & Heraldo, then Badu, musicians of Tincoãs band [9]
Historic structures
Cachoeira is home to numerous colonial-period historic structures, many designated as Brazilian national and Bahian state monuments. The historic center of Cachoeira was designated a national monument by the National Institute of Historic and Artistic Heritage (IPHAN). Cachoeira is also a noted center of historic terreiros of Candomblé, many of which have state or federal protection.
Churches
- Chapel of Our Lady of Help (Capela de Nossa Senhora da Ajuda)
- Church and Convent of Our Lady of Mount Carmel and House of Prayer of the Carmelite Third Order (Igreja e Convento de Nossa Senhora do Carmo e Capela e Casa de Oração da Ordem Terceira do Carmo)
- Church of the Old Seminary in Belém da Cachoeira (Igreja do Antigo Seminário de Belém de Cachoeira)
- Parish Church of Our Lady of the Rosary (Igreja Matriz de Nossa Senhora do Rosário)
- Parish Church of Santiago do Iguape (Igreja Matriz de Santiago, Iguape)
- Ruins of the Convent and Church of Saint Antony (Ruínas do Convento e Igreja de Santo António)
Candomblé Terreiros
- Terreiro Aganjú Didê da Nação Nagô-Tedô
- Terreiro Dendezeiros
- Terreiro Egbé Éran Ope Olúwa - Terreiro Viva Deus
- Terreiro Loba Nekun Filho
- Terreiro Ogodum Ei
- Terreiro Rumpayme Ayono Runtólogi
- Terreiro Zogbodo Male Bogun Seja Unde (Roça do Ventura)
Residences
- Ana Nery Birthplace (Casa Natal de Ana Nery)
- House at Praça Dr. Aristides Milton 23-A (Casa à Praça Dr. Aristides Milton 23-A)
- House at No. 4 Rua Ana Nery (Casa à Rua Ana Nery, 4)
- Sobrado at No. 1 Rua Ana Nery (Sobrado à Rua Ana Nery, 1)
- Sobrado at No. 2 Rua Ana Nery (Sobrado na Rua Ana Nery, 2)
- Sobrado at No. 25 Rua Ana Nery (Sobrado à Rua Ana Nery, 25)
- House at No. 1 Rua Benjamim Constant (Casa à Rua Benjamin Constant, 1)
- House at No. 2 Rua Benjamim Constant (Casa na Rua Benjamim Constant, 2)
- House at No. 17 Rua Benjamin Constant (Casa à Rua Benjamin Constant, 17)
- House at Rua Estrada de Ferro (Casa à Rua Estrada de Ferro)
- Teixeira de Freitas Birthplace (Casa natal de Teixeira de Freitas)
- Estrela Manor House (Solar Estrela)
- Sobrado at No. 4 Praça da Aclamação (Sobrado à Praça da Aclamação, 4)
- Sobrado at No. 13 Rua Treze de Maio (Sobrado à Rua Treze de Maio, 13)
- Sobrado of João R. Adorno (Sobrado de João R. Adorno)
Urban buildings and structures
- Praça Dr. Aristides Mílton Fountain (Chafariz da Praça Dr. Mílton)
- Garden of Hospital São João de Deus (Jardim do Hospital São João de Deus)
- Dom Pedro II Bridge (Ponte Dom Pedro II)
- Town Hall of Cachoeira (Casa de Câmara e Cadeia, Paço Municipal de Cachoeira)
Sugar plantations
- Campina Sugar Plantation (Engenho Campina)
- Da Ponta Sugar Plantation (Engenho da Ponta)
- Embiara Sugar Plantation (Engenho Embiara, Sobrado)
- Vitória Sugar Mill (Engenho Vitória)
Gallery
-
Nineteenth-Century Facade
-
Church of the Third Order of Carmel
-
Carmel Inn
-
Building Facades
References
- ^ IBGE 2020
- ^ "Archived copy" (PDF). United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). Archived from the original (PDF) on July 8, 2014. Retrieved August 1, 2013.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - ^ RESEX Marinha da Baía do Iguape (in Portuguese), ISA: Instituto Socioambiental, retrieved 2016-07-24
- ^ ISBN 9788573340587.
- ^ a b c d Azevedo, Paulo Ormindo de (2012). "Cachoeira and São Félix". Lisbon, Portugal: Heritage of Portuguese Influence/Património de Influência Portuguesa. Retrieved 2017-06-29.
- ^ a b c d "Cachoeira" (in Portuguese). Brasília, Brazil: Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics). 2017. Retrieved 2017-05-06.
- ^ Santos, Denise Bispo dos (2016). "Os impactos da epidemia da cólera em Cachoeira-BA no século XIX: pânico e morte entre a populacão". Tramas negras: história, antropologia e educação para as relações raciais. Cruz das Almas, Bahia: EDIFURB. pp. 43–66.
- ^ Ana Neri a Mãe dos brasileiros
- ^ [1]
External links
Media related to Cachoeira, Bahia at Wikimedia Commons