Canarina
| Canarina | |
|---|---|
| |
| Canarina canariensis | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Asterids |
| Order: | Asterales |
| Family: | Campanulaceae |
| Subfamily: | Campanuloideae |
| Genus: | Canarina L. |
| Species | |
|
See text | |
Canarina is a
sunbirds which had become extinct on the Canary Islands, explaining why some of these species are rare and considered endangered (Vogel 1954; Vogel et al. 1984; Olesen 1985; Valido et al. 2004). However more recent work has shown that these plants are adequately pollinated by non-specialist flower visiting birds, particularly the Canary Islands chiffchaff
(Phylloscopus canariensis) and the Canary Island spectacled warbler (Sylvia conspicillata orbitalis) (Olesen 1985; Ollerton et al. 2008), and in fact show some specific adaptations to infrequent pollination by these birds, such as extended flower lifespans (Ollerton et al. 2008), and a hexose-dominated sugar ratio of the nectar (Dupont et al. 2004).
In frost-prone areas, Canarina canariensis is best grown under glass in the winter.[1] It has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.[2]
Species
Species include:
| Image | Scientific name | Distribution |
|---|---|---|
| Canarina abyssinica Engl. | Ethiopia | |
|
Canarina canariensis (L.) Vatke (Canary Island bellflower) | Canary Islands |
| Canarina eminii Asch. ex Schweinf. | tropical areas in East Africa |
References
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Canarina.
- ISBN 978-1405332965.
- ^ "RHS Plant Selector - Canarina canariensis". Retrieved 15 April 2020.
- USDA Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN): Canarina
- Dupont, YL, Hansen, DM, Rasmussen, JT & Olesen, JM (2004) Evolutionary changes in nectar sugar composition associated with switches between bird and insect pollination: the Canarian bird-flower element revisited. Functional Ecology 18: 670–676.
- Olesen, JM (1985) The Macaronesian bird-flower element and its relation to bird and bee opportunists.
- Ollerton J, Cranmer L, Stelzer R, Sullivan S, Chittka L (2008) Bird pollination of Canary Island endemic plants. Nature Precedings
- Valido A, Dupont YL, Olesen JM (2004) Bird-flower interactions in the Macaronesian islands. Journal of Biogeography 31: 1945-1953
- Vogel S (1954) Blütenbiologische Typen als Elemente der Sippengliederung. Botanische Studien (Jena) 1:1-338
- Vogel S, Westerkamp C, Thiel B, Gessner K (1984) Ornithophilie auf den Canarischen Inseln. Plant Systematics and Evolution 146:225-248
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