Capture of Mannheim
Capture of Mannheim | |||||||
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Part of the Palatinate phase of the Thirty Years' War | |||||||
1627 engraving of the siege | |||||||
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Belligerents | |||||||
Kingdom of England Electorate of Palatinate |
Holy Roman Empire Kingdom of Spain | ||||||
Commanders and leaders | |||||||
Count of Tilly | |||||||
The Capture of Mannheim was achieved on 2 November 1622 by the Imperial-Spanish army commanded by
Horace Vere during the Thirty Years' War.[2]
Background
In September 1620, the Imperial-Spanish troops led by the
Horace Vere held Frankenthal, Mannheim, and Heidelberg, but the rest of the Palatinate fell into Spanish hands.[3]
On 19 September 1622 the Imperial-Spanish army defeated the Protestant troops under Sir Gerard Herbert at Heidelberg and the Catholic army went on to conquer the town.[2][3]
Siege of Mannheim
The Spanish continued their progress towards
Count of Tilly subjected Manheim to a siege, and the Imperial-Spanish forces swiftly defeated the Protestant troops. The city was conquered by the Spaniards, and Vere, and a few hundred of his men, retired to the citadel.[2] Finally, and without hope of reinforcements, Vere was forced to capitulate.[1] Just Frankenthal remained under control of the Protestants commanded by Sir John Burroughs, but was taken one year later by the Spanish troops under Don Guillermo Verdugo.[2][3]
Aftermath
The courage displayed by
Council of War on 20 July 1624.[2]
In 1624,
Ambrosio Spinola from August.[2]
See also
Notes
References
- Rudolf Schäfer: Höchst am Main. Frankfurt am Main 1981: Frankfurter Sparkasse 1822.
- Rudolf Schäfer: Chronik von Höchst am Main. Frankfurt 1986: Waldemar Kramer.
- Adalbert Vollert: Sossenheim. Geschichte eines Frankfurter Stadtteils. Frankfurt 1980: Frankfurter Sparkasse von 1822.
- Johann Philipp Abelin: Theatrum Europaeum, Vol. 1, Frankfurt 1662, plate 1622, pages 630-633.
- Murdoch, Steve (2001). Scotland and the Thirty Years' War (1618-1648). Brill.
- Josef V. Polišenský/Frederick Snider: War and society in Europe (1618-1648). Bristol: Cambridge University Press, 1978. ISBN 978-0-521-21659-3