Capture of Mexicali
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Capture of Mexicali | |
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Part of the Mexicali, Baja California, Mexico | |
Result | Magonista victory, rebel forces capture Mexicali. |
- Liberal Army
12 captured
The Capture of Mexicali, or the Battle of Mexicali, was the first action of the
Background
Ricardo Flores Magón and his brother
The junta appointed the gunsmith José María Leyva to command the Magonista force of seventeen other men. Leyva had been in the 1906 strike at Cananea and was a strong anti-government protester.[1][2] A half Mexican and half German socialist named Simon Berthold was second in command. Other reasons for the choosing of Mexicali was due to its strategic location; far from Mexico City and large bodies of federal troops. The Magonistas also hoped to capture the revenue collected by Mexican customs agents in the town.
Capture
At dawn on 29 January, the eighteen Magonistas were led by Leyva across the border into California;[3] there, just across the international line the Magonistas found an arms cache and stocked themselves with about sixty rifles, some pistols, and several thousand rounds of ammunition. They then headed back across the border the outskirts of Mexicali and divided into three groups. The rebels then readied their weapons and attacked. The first group was led by Berthold who stormed the custom house and captured the two sleeping officers.
The second group headed for the home of the chief of police and quickly took command of the structure and the chief. The third force under José Leyva attacked the jail house where the only shot of the engagement was fired. Jailer José Villanova refused to give the rebels the keys to the jail cells. He was shot dead after cocking his pistol behind the door of his office, the Magonistas heard the cock and fired into the building. Ten Mexican policemen were captured at the jail. Villanova became the only casualty of the operation. After capturing the jail the event was over, the prisoners were freed and nine of them joined the Magonsitas.
Aftermath
The two customs officers paid the Magonistas $385[
Defeated, the rebels held no more territory and disbanded or escaped into California.
See also
- Magonism
- Magonista rebellion of 1911
- Mexican Expedition
- Mexican Liberal Party
Sources
- Cornelius Smith, Emilio Kosterlitzky, Eagle of Sonora (1970) [ISBN missing]
- Trimble, Marshall, (1998), Arizona, A Cavalcade of History, Treasure Chest Publications, Tucson, Arizona ISBN 0-918080-43-6
References
- ^ Maldonado Alvarado, Benjamin. The Indian and the Indian in the magonist movement, Ed. Antorcha, Mexico, 2003
- ^ Ponce Aguilar, Antonio. From Cave Painted to Modernity: History of Baja California , p . 428.
- ^ JSTOR 480336.
- ^ Samaniego López, Marco Antonio, "The impact of trekking in Baja California, 1911". Studies of Modern and Contemporary History of Mexico, Vol. 18, 1999. p. 94.
- ^ Wehling, Jason. Anarchist influences in the Mexican Revolution Archived 9 April 2007 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ David Gaddis Smith (26 June 2011). "Centennial of Defense of Tijuana celebrated; museum exhibit opens". MexicoPerspective.com.