Crenicichla
| Crenicichla | |
|---|---|
| |
| Crenicichla punctata | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Actinopterygii |
| Order: | Cichliformes |
| Family: | Cichlidae |
| Subfamily: | Cichlinae |
| Tribe: | Geophagini |
| Subtribe: | Crenicaratina |
| Genus: | Crenicichla Heckel, 1840 |
| Type species | |
| Crenicichla macrophthalma Heckel, 1840
| |
| Synonyms | |
|
Batrachops Heckel, 1840 | |
Crenicichla is a
Atlantic.[1]
Description
The smallest species of Crenicichla (notably members of the C. wallacii
species group) are no larger than 6–14 cm (2.4–5.5 in),[2] and are referred to as "dwarf cichlids" for the aquarium hobby – though their aggressive and territorial habits make them unsuitable for novice keepers. The biggest pike cichlids can grow to about 50 cm (20 in) long.[2] Most Crenicichla measure in the range of 15–30 cm (6–12 in).[3]
Like many other predatory fishes, a pike cichlid has a wide mouth and elongated body.
Distribution and ecology
_MH-MCZArtwork_ARC_209-350.jpg)
The genus Crenicichla is native to
The vast majority of pike cichlids are
Holarctic, gives the pike cichlids their common name. An exception is C. tapii, which is similar in general appearance to other pike cichlids, but unusual for being gregarious and feeding on periphyton.[5]
Species
There are currently around 93 recognized species in this genus:[3][6][7]
- Crenicichla acutirostris Günther, 1862
- Crenicichla adspersa Heckel, 1840
- Crenicichla albopunctata Pellegrin, 1904
- Crenicichla alta C. H. Eigenmann, 1912
- Crenicichla anamiri P. M. M. Ito & Rapp Py-Daniel, 2015 [8]
- Crenicichla anthurus Cope, 1872
- Crenicichla brasiliensis (Bloch, 1792)
- S. O. Kullander, 1982
- Crenicichla cametana Steindachner, 1911
- Crenicichla celidochilus Casciotta, 1987
- S. O. Kullander & F. C. T. Lima, 2012 [9]
- Crenicichla cincta Regan, 1905
- Crenicichla compressiceps Ploeg, 1986
- Crenicichla coppenamensis Ploeg, 1987
- Crenicichla cyanonotus Cope, 1870
- Crenicichla cyclostoma Ploeg, 1986
- Crenicichla empheres C. A. S. de Lucena, 2007
- T. N. Gill, 1858
- S. O. Kullander, 1992
- Crenicichla geayi Pellegrin, 1903 (Half-banded pike cichlid)
- S. O. Kullander & C. A. S. de Lucena, 2013 [10]
- Crenicichla hadrostigma C. A. S. de Lucena, 2007
- Crenicichla haroldoi Luengo & Britski, 1974
- Crenicichla heckeli Ploeg, 1989
- S. O. Kullander, 1990
- Crenicichla hu Piálek, Říčan, Casciotta & Almirón, 2010
- Crenicichla hummelincki Ploeg, 1991
- S. O. Kullander, 1992
- S. O. Kullander & C. A. S. de Lucena, 2006
- Crenicichla iguassuensis Haseman, 1911
- Crenicichla inpa Ploeg, 1991
- Crenicichla isbrueckeri Ploeg, 1991
- Crenicichla jaguarensis Haseman, 1911
- Crenicichla jegui Ploeg, 1986
- Crenicichla johanna Heckel, 1840
- Crenicichla jupiaensis Britski & Luengo, 1968
- S. O. Kullander, 1992
- Crenicichla labrina (Spix & Agassiz, 1831)
- Castelnau, 1855)
- Crenicichla lenticulata Heckel, 1840
- Crenicichla lepidota Heckel, 1840 (Pike cichlid)
- Crenicichla lucenai Mattos, I. Schindler, Ottoni & Cheffe, 2014 [7]
- Crenicichla lucius Cope, 1870
- Crenicichla lugubris Heckel, 1840
- Crenicichla macrophthalma Heckel, 1840
- S. O. Kullander & C. A. S. de Lucena, 2006
- S. O. Kullander, 2009
- Crenicichla marmorata Pellegrin, 1904
- Crenicichla menezesi Ploeg, 1991
- S. O. Kullander, 1992
- S. O. Kullander, 1992
- S. O. Kullander & H. R. Varella, 2015 (Wallace’s pike cichlid) [11]
- Crenicichla mucuryna R. Ihering (pt), 1914
- Crenicichla multispinosa Pellegrin, 1903
- Crenicichla nickeriensis Ploeg, 1987
- Crenicichla niederleinii (Holmberg, 1891)
- Crenicichla notophthalmus Regan, 1913
- Crenicichla pellegrini Ploeg, 1991
- S. O. Kullander, 1991
- S. O. Kullander, 1991
- S. O. Kullander, 2018
- S. O. Kullander, 1992
- Crenicichla proteus Cope, 1872
- Crenicichla punctata R. F. Hensel, 1870
- Crenicichla pydanielae Ploeg, 1991
- Crenicichla regani Ploeg, 1989
- Crenicichla reticulata (Heckel, 1840)
- S. O. Kullander, 1997
- Crenicichla santosi Ploeg, 1991
- Crenicichla saxatilis (Linnaeus, 1758) (Ring-tail pike cichlid)
- Crenicichla scottii (C. H. Eigenmann, 1907)
- S. O. Kullander, 1986
- Crenicichla semicincta Steindachner, 1892
- Crenicichla semifasciata (Heckel, 1840)
- Crenicichla sipaliwini Ploeg, 1987
- Crenicichla stocki Ploeg, 1991
- Crenicichla strigata Günther, 1862
- Crenicichla sveni Ploeg, 1991
- Crenicichla taikyra Casciotta, Almirón, Aichino, S. E. Gómez, Piálek, & Říčan, 2013 [6]
- Crenicichla tapii Piálek, Dragová, Casciotta, Almirón & Říčan, 2015 [5]
- S. O. Kullander, 1992
- Crenicichla ternetzi Norman, 1926
- Crenicichla tesay Casciotta & Almirón, 2009
- Crenicichla tigrina Ploeg, Jégu & E. J. G. Ferreira, 1991
- S. O. Kullander & C. A. S. de Lucena, 2006
- Crenicichla tuca Piálek, Dragová, Casciotta, Almirón & Říčan, 2015 [5]
- S. O. Kullander, 1990
- Crenicichla vaillanti Pellegrin, 1903
- Crenicichla virgatula Ploeg, 1991
- Crenicichla vittata Heckel, 1840
- Crenicichla wallacii Regan, 1905
- Crenicichla yaha Casciotta, Almirón & S. E. Gómez, 2006
- Crenicichla ypo Casciotta, Almirón, Piálek, S. E. Gómez & Říčan, 2010
- Crenicichla zebrina C. G. Montaña, López-Fernández & Taphorn, 2008
In addition to these, several
undescribed species are known.[2]
References
- .
- ^ a b c Gottwald, J: Crenicichla arten.
- ^ a b Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2015). Species of Crenicichla in FishBase. August 2015 version.
- ^ PMID 21971056.
- ^ a b c d e Piálek, L., Dragová, K., Casciotta, J., Almirón, A. & Říčan, O. (2015): Description of two new species of Crenicichla (Teleostei: Cichlidae) from the lower Iguazú River with a taxonomic reappraisal of C. iguassuensis, C. tesay and C. yaha. Historia Natural, 5(2): 5–27.
S2CID 51899505
- ^ PMID 26120682.
- ^ a b Mattos, J.L., Schindler, I., Ottoni, F.P. & Cheffe, M.M. (2014): A new species of Crenicichla from the upper Rio das Antas basin, dos Patos lagoon system, southern Brazil (Teleostei: Cichlidae). Vertebrate Zoology, 64 (1): 35–42.
- .
- .
- PMID 26287074.
- .