Dalhousie, New Brunswick
Dalhousie | |
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506 | |
Highways | ![]() ![]() ![]() |
Website | www |
Dalhousie (/dælˈhaʊzi/ dal-HOW-zee)[2] is a community in Heron Bay in Restigouche County, New Brunswick. It was a town from 1905 to 2023, when it was amalgamated with Charlo to form the town of Heron Bay.[3][4][5] Heron Bay is the northernmost municipality in New Brunswick.
History
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Dalhousie%2C_N.B.%2C_ca._1900_-_P11-195.jpg/250px-Dalhousie%2C_N.B.%2C_ca._1900_-_P11-195.jpg)
Dalhousie is the
Dalhousie, located at the mouth of the Restigouche, began to grow. Soon it was a booming town and became the Shiretown of the newly created Restigouche County. Lumber and fishing were the main interests, although agriculture was more important in the early days than it is today.[6]
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Workers_-_Dalhousie_circa_1900.jpg/235px-Workers_-_Dalhousie_circa_1900.jpg)
Dalhousie was the leading town of the area until the arrival of the railway following confederation. With steep hills at its back, the Intercolonial Railway (ICR) bypassed the town while its nearby rival, Campbellton, surged ahead. That would be the situation until the late 1920s, when Dalhousie was picked as the site of a giant paper mill. The International Paper Company built what was then one of the largest newsprint mills in the world and the town changed forever. From 1929 on, the mill would dominate life in Dalhousie.[6] For a time, the deepwater port attracted ships to move ore from the Bathurst Mining Camp deposits (e.g. Heath Steele Mines) to various offshore smelters.
Parents of some of our older citizens would tell their children that, in some ways, it was a better town before the mill. Certainly the mill is one of the town's most imposing features. It occupies much of one side of the main street, blocking access to and even views of the shore. Dalhousie has been called "a waterfront town without a waterfront." The mill also meant that the town had a high average income. It brought a new and different kind of prosperity. Still, Dalhousie was in the situation of many one-industry towns – dependent on the success of that one main sector of its economy.[6]
The hilly town site was first laid out in 1826 with the first settlement established by Scottish settlers in 1827. It was named after the
Dalhousie was officially incorporated in 1905. It has been, in the past, referred to as Papertown.[6]
Geography
Dalhousie is the most northern point in New Brunswick, and thus is in the
Dalhousie faces
Economy
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Dalhousienb.jpg/250px-Dalhousienb.jpg)
Until 31 January 2008, the economy was dominated by the forestry industry, namely a large
The mill underwent ownership changes in 1980, when
The 2007 merger of Bowater and
Following the closure of the pulp and paper mill in 2008,
The only industry that remained was the generating station, but it was decommissioned in 2012 and demolished in 2015 after one more failed attempt.[7]
While there are several smaller employers, the largest employer in the town currently is the Dalhousie Nursing Home.
Transportation
![]() Inch Arran Lighthouse, Dalhousie, New Brunswick. | |
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Location | Dalhousie, New Brunswick, Canada |
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Coordinates | 48°04′20″N 66°21′51″W / 48.072322°N 66.364281°W |
Tower | |
Constructed | 1886 (first) 1905 (second) |
Foundation | concrete base (current) |
Construction | metal skeletal tower (current) wooden tower (first and second) |
Height | 19 m (62 ft) ![]() |
Shape | quadrangular skeletal tower with daymark and light (current) quadrangular tower (first) octagonal truncated tower with balcony and lantern (second)[8][9][10] |
Markings | red and white daymark with green square at the center (current) white tower (first) white tower, red lantern (second) |
Power source | solar power ![]() |
Operator | Canadian Coast Guard ![]() |
Light | |
First lit | 1974 (current) |
Deactivated | 1905 (first) 1974 (second) |
Focal height | 21 m (69 ft) ![]() |
Range | 15 nmi (28 km; 17 mi) ![]() |
Characteristic | Fl W 5s ![]() |
The town benefits from its geography by having a deep sea port, which is ice-free year round.[11] The administration of the port was privatised in 2006, as the result of the federal government's divestiture programme.[12] The port is located on the south shore of the
It is also served by the
The Charlo Airport is located several kilometres east of the town for private and charter service with scheduled air service available at the Bathurst Airport.
Education
Dalhousie has two elementary schools (Académie Notre-Dame and L.E. Reinsborough),and two high schools (Dalhousie Regional High School and École Aux quatre vents).
Demographics
In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, Dalhousie had a population of 3,223 living in 1,523 of its 1,678 total private dwellings, a change of 3.1% from its 2016 population of 3,126. With a land area of 15.12 km2 (5.84 sq mi), it had a population density of 213.2/km2 (552.1/sq mi) in 2021.[1]
2021 | 2016 | 2011 | |
---|---|---|---|
Population | 3,223 (+3.1% from 2016) | 3,126 (-11.0% from 2011) | 3,512 (-4.5% from 2006) |
Land area | 15.12 km2 (5.84 sq mi) | 15.22 km2 (5.88 sq mi) | 14.51 km2 (5.60 sq mi) |
Population density | 213.1/km2 (552/sq mi) | 205.3/km2 (532/sq mi) | 242.1/km2 (627/sq mi) |
Median age | 58.0 (M: 57.6, F: 58.8) | 58.4 (M: 57.2, F: 59.6) | 54.3 (M: 52.8, F: 55.8) |
Private dwellings | 1,678 (total) 1,523 (occupied) | 1,696 (total) | 1,816 (total) |
Median household income | $54,400 | $45,747 | $39,847 |
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(A) adjustment due to boundary change. |
Religion
Christianity is the dominant religion, with the
Language
Canada Census Mother Tongue - Dalhousie, New Brunswick[20] | ||||||||||||||||||
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Census | Total | English
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French
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English & French
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Other
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Year | Responses | Count | Trend | Pop % | Count | Trend | Pop % | Count | Trend | Pop % | Count | Trend | Pop % | |||||
2011
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3,320
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1,710 | ![]() |
51.51% | 1,520 | ![]() |
45.78% | 75 | ![]() |
2.26% | 15 | ![]() |
0.45% | |||||
2006
|
3,550
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1,715 | ![]() |
48.31% | 1,760 | ![]() |
49.58% | 30 | ![]() |
0.84% | 45 | ![]() |
1.27% | |||||
2001
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3,835
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1,975 | ![]() |
51.50% | 1,750 | ![]() |
45.63% | 75 | ![]() |
1.96% | 35 | ![]() |
0.91% | |||||
1996
|
4,375
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2,185 | n/a | 49.94% | 2,025 | n/a | 46.29% | 150 | n/a | 3.43% | 15 | n/a | 0.34% |
Climate
Dalhousie has a humid continental climate.[22] In spite of its marine position, this climate regime is typical of New Brunswick and is manifested by vast differences in temperature between the warm summers and the cold snowy winters.
Climate data for Dalhousie | |||||||||||||
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Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −7 (19) |
−6 (21) |
0 (32) |
6 (42) |
13 (55) |
19 (66) |
22 (71) |
21 (69) |
17 (62) |
10 (50) |
2 (35) |
−3 (26) |
8 (46) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −18 (0) |
−16 (3) |
−10 (14) |
−3 (26) |
2 (35) |
8 (46) |
11 (51) |
11 (51) |
7 (44) |
1 (33) |
−4 (24) |
−12 (10) |
−2 (28) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 76 (3.0) |
69 (2.7) |
66 (2.6) |
46 (1.8) |
61 (2.4) |
76 (3.0) |
84 (3.3) |
76 (3.0) |
69 (2.7) |
74 (2.9) |
71 (2.8) |
69 (2.7) |
840 (32.9) |
Source: Weatherbase[23] |
Notable people
- Guy Arseneault, teacher and politician
- Joseph Cunard Barberie, politician
- Joel Bernard, politician
- Gordie Dwyer, hockey player and coach
- Kate Simpson Hayes, writer
- Charles H. LaBillois, politician and merchant
- Allan Maher, businessman and politician
- Marie-Jo Pelletier, alternate captain for the Buffalo Beauts
- Linda Silas, nurse and trade unionist
See also
References
- ^ a b c "Census Profile of Dalhousie". Statistics Canada. December 6, 2022. Retrieved January 15, 2023.
- ^ The Canadian Press (2017), The Canadian Press Stylebook (18th ed.), Toronto: The Canadian Press
- ^ "Local Governments Establishment Regulation – Local Governance Act". Government of New Brunswick. October 12, 2022. Retrieved January 20, 2023.
- ^ "RSC 2 Restigouche Regional Service Commission". Government of New Brunswick. January 31, 2022. Retrieved January 17, 2023.
- ^ "Proposed entity names reflect strong ties to nature and history" (Press release). Irishtown, New Brunswick: Government of New Brunswick. May 25, 2022. Retrieved January 20, 2023.
- ^ a b c d e "Papertown, The Dalhousie Story". Virtual Museum. 2016. Retrieved August 15, 2016.
- ^ "NB Power smokestacks still standing after demolition attempt". CBC News. August 16, 2015. Archived from the original on August 15, 2016. Retrieved August 15, 2016.
- List of Lights. United States National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency. 2015. p. {{{page}}}.
- ^ Rowlett, Russ. "Lighthouses of Canada: Northern New Brunswick". The Lighthouse Directory. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Retrieved March 21, 2017.
- ^ "Douglas Island Light". Lighthouse Explorer. Retrieved March 21, 2017.
- ^ "About Us". Port of Dalhousie. Archived from the original on March 3, 2016. Retrieved August 15, 2016.
- ^ "Deproclamation Notice Subsection 2(1)". Transport Canada. May 2, 2012. Archived from the original on August 15, 2016. Retrieved April 28, 2015.
- ^ "Port of Dalhousie, NB, Canada"
- ^ "Facilities". Port of Dalhousie. Retrieved August 18, 2019.
- 2021 Canadian Census. Statistics Canada. February 4, 2022. Retrieved October 19, 2023.
- 2016 Canadian Census. Statistics Canada. August 12, 2021. Retrieved August 18, 2019.
- 2011 Canadian Census. Statistics Canada. March 21, 2019. Retrieved March 16, 2014.
- 2006 Canadian Census. Statistics Canada. August 20, 2019.
- 2001 Canadian Census. Statistics Canada. July 18, 2021.
- ^ 2011census
- ^ "Census Profile, 2016 Census: Dalhousie, New Brunswick". Statistics Canada. February 8, 2017. Retrieved August 16, 2019.
- ^ "Dalhousie, New Brunswick Climate Summary". Weatherbase. Retrieved July 7, 2015.
- ^ "Weatherbase: Historical Weather for Dalhousie, New Brunswick". Weatherbase. 2011. Retrieved on November 24, 2011.
External links
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png)