Democratic Party (Portugal)
The Democratic Party (
The name "Democratic Party" was never the official name of the party, as the Portuguese Republican Party never ceased to exist. However, the party was de facto different and thus the other parties (that belonged to the PRP before 1910) used the new expression to assert their opposition to the claim of continuation of the PRP by Afonso Costa, the first leader of the Democratic Party. Other names were given to the members of the Democratic Party, like the Afonsists, named after Afonso Costa.
History
When the Evolutionists and Unionists seceded from the Portuguese Republican Party in February 1912, the Democratic Party declared itself the latter party's heir. It soon controlled its electoral and propagandistic structure, a fact that would influence the dominance of the Democratic Party during the First Republic.
During the First Republic, the Democratic Party, led by
During
After 1919, with Afonso Costa in Paris, the party was led by António Maria da Silva. In the next phase of the party's existence, political, popular and syndicalist opposition created a climate of constant revolt. Groups also seceded from the party, with the creation of the Democratic Leftwing Republican Party and the Reformist Party, both on the Left.
Relations with the Republic
The identification of the First Republic with the Democratic Party was so close, as the party dominated all political life between 1911 and 1926, that Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa described it as a "multi-party system with a dominant party" and historian Fernando Rosas called it a "political monopoly" and a "democratic dictatorship".
Prime ministers
- Augusto de Vasconcelos (1911–1912)
- Duarte Leite (1912–1913)
- Afonso Costa (1913–1914; 1915–1916; 1917 — in coalition with the Evolutionists [Sacred Union])
- Bernardino Machado (1914; 1921)
- Victor Hugo de Azevedo Coutinho (1914–1915)
- António José de Almeida — Evolutionists in coalition ([Sacred Union]) — (1916–1917)
- José Relvas (1919)
- Domingos Pereira (1919; 1920; 1925)
- Alfredo de Sá Cardoso (1919–1920; 1920)
- António Maria Baptista (1920)
- José Ramos Preto (1920)
- António Maria da Silva (1920; 1922–1923; 1925; 1925–1926)
- Liberato Pinto (1920–1921)
- Alfredo Rodrigues Gaspar (1924)
- Vitorino Guimarães (1925)
Presidents of the Republic
- Manuel de Arriaga (1911–1915)
- Teófilo Braga (1915)
- Bernardino Machado (1915–1918; 1925–1926)
- Manuel Teixeira Gomes (1923–1925)
See also
- Politics of Portugal
- History of Portugal
- History of Portugal (1834–1910)
- History of Portugal (1910–1926)
- History of Portugal (1926–1974)
- 5 October 1910 revolution
- 28 May 1926 revolution
- Timeline of Portuguese history
- List of political parties in Portugal
- List of presidents of Portugal
- List of prime ministers of Portugal