Democratic Workers Party
Democratic Workers Party | |
---|---|
Founded | 1974 |
Dissolved | August 1987 |
Elections |
The Democratic Workers Party was a United States
Marlene Dixon
Marlene Dixon had earned a
In November 1968, while a professor at the University of Chicago, Dixon participated in a political demonstration, and two months later when her contract renewal came up, the university's sociology department voted unanimously not to rehire her. The
While serving at McGill University she once again built up a following among students, and began organizing meetings with them. Relations between her and the staff of McGill University had begun falling in the early 1970s, and by 1974 she had decided to stop teaching.]
Foundation
In the summer of 1974, Dixon (now in the
The DWP had a core membership of 100-125 people. Max Elbaum categorizes it as part of the New Communist movement.[9]
Influence
Throughout the 1970s,
The party developed its own print shop (first called Greenleaf Press, then Synthex Press), which grew into a full-service printing and publishing operation that serviced mainstream clients such as banks, catalog companies, and publishers throughout the San Francisco Bay Area. The press produced numerous materials for the Party: books, journals, newspapers, pamphlets, fliers, bulletins, direct mail solicitations and buttons among other things. The Party developed its own newspaper; the Rebel Worker (later known as Plain Speaking) along with theoretical journals such as Our Socialism.
Several front organizations (such as the Worker-Patient Organization, the Peace and Justice Organization and U.S. Out of Central America) were organized by the DWP. These groups sponsored various political activities and campaigns "including the quite popular Tax the Corporations initiatives, Propositions P, V, and M, the latter of which succeeded in 1980 but was never implemented. Proposition P, on the November 1979 San Francisco ballot, received 48 percent of the vote. Proposition V, in June 1980, brought in 41 percent, even after much negative publicity about the DWP in the local press. And Proposition M, in November 1980, passed with 55 percent of the vote but was later declared illegal."
The party developed a reputation among some of the Left as a
Downfall
As the 1970s drew to a close, Dixon felt that the party was becoming too
At the same time, Dixon distanced herself from
In the fall of 1985 Dixon began supporting the idea of leaving the party and setting up a think tank in Washington, D.C.[17] Many in the party at this point became increasingly irate at Dixon's behavior, citing her alcoholism and paranoia making her increasingly erratic and too unstable to speak to.[1]: 204 She encouraged her lieutenants to launch a "Quality of Life" campaign within the party so that party members could assess their own lives.[1]: 217 Lieutenants took this at face value and in late October members of the party began talking to each other on various party issues and their own lives regardless of party rules and regulations, this being made possible by Dixon's absence from the country while on a trip to Eastern Europe. The party's lieutenants called together various members and began speaking out against aspects of the party while discussing its "real nature."[1]: 204 Party sessions continued for some few weeks more, until the night before Dixon was scheduled to return. On that night party members convened and unanimously voted to expel the General Secretary (Dixon) from the party, and then to dissolve it. A vote by mail was held in April 1986 amid heated discussions on the future of the party and a majority voted to confirm the party's dissolution and to liquidate its assets, to be shared among former cadres (which was achieved in August 1987).[1]: 206
One of the party's former members, Janja Lalich, went on to become a professor of sociology and a leading expert on cults.
References
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q Janja A. Lalich (2004). Bounded Choice: True Believers and Charismatic Cults. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.
- ^ Lalich, Janja. The Social Movements Reader: Cases and Concepts (3rd ed.). p. 126.
- ^ a b Sinhababu, Supriya (2 December 2008). "The sit-in: 40 years later". The Chicago Maroon.
- ^ Malcolm G. Scully, "New Demonstrations Hit U. S. and Canadian Campuses; Several States Weigh Measures to Control Disruptions," Chronicle of Higher Education, February 24, 1969, 1. Cited in Lalich, 292.
- OCLC 96157.
- Black Rose Books, 1976).
- ^ "Revolution in the Air". 10 August 2002.
- ^ Democratic Workers Party, The History of the Democratic Workers Party (San Francisco: OS Publications, 1984), C25. Cited in Lalich, 292.
- ^ Elbaum, Max. Revolution in the Air. Verso, 2002
- ^ Workers Party, The Founding of the Workers Party (San Francisco: Synthesis Publications, 1979). Cited in Lalich, 294.
- ^ Marlene Dixon, "On Leadership," C55. Cited in Lalich, 295.
- ^ John Trinkl, "USOCA: An Asset or a Liability?" Guardian, May 16, 1984, 2, 19. Cited in Lalich, 297.
- ^ Max Elbaum, "On the DWP's Demise: What Leninism Is and Is Not," Frontline, August 3, 1987, 2, 15. Cited in Lalich, 297.
- ^ Lalich, 209. "The U.S. working class is not revolutionary; therefore, the DWP must support struggles in the underdeveloped world where the revolutionary classes are found... Having reaped the benefits of being situated in the 'imperialist heartland,' the U.S. working class is profoundly disinterested in change and is not going to get involved in leftist activity, certainly not Marxist-Leninist parties. Therefore, the DWP must change from being a Marxist-Leninist party and transform into something new while retaining the cadre, the discipline, and the democratic-centralist core."
- ^ Lalich, 209. "The world socialist movement cannot hope to survive without the USSR as a socialist power; therefore, the DWP must support the USSR and other socialist states."
- ^ Marlene Dixon, "Facing Reality," January 15, 1984, 1–2. Cited in Lalich, 297.
- ^ Lalich, 216. "She talked crassly with her trusted leadership circle about leaving behind the rank-and-file militants and going with a handful of cadres (the ones with money and the ones she considered intellectuals) to start anew in Washington, D. C. She envisioned setting up a leftist think tank, near the country's policy makers."