Dermophis mexicanus
Dermophis mexicanus | |
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Scientific classification | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Chordata |
Class: | Amphibia |
Order: | Gymnophiona |
Clade: | Apoda |
Family: | Dermophiidae |
Genus: | Dermophis |
Species: | D. mexicanus
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Binomial name | |
Dermophis mexicanus (A.M.C. Duméril & Bibron, 1841)
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Synonyms[2] | |
Dermophis mexicanus, also known commonly as the Mexican burrowing caecilian or the Mexican caecilian, and locally as the tapalcua or tepelcua, is a species of limbless amphibian in the family Dermophiidae. The species is native to Mexico and Central America, where it burrows under leaf litter and plant debris.
Description
The adult Mexican burrowing caecilian grows to a length of 30 to 50 cm (12 to 20 in).[3] In general appearance, it resembles a large earthworm. Around a hundred transverse annular folds in the skin give the appearance of segments. The head has a pointed snout, a single row of teeth in the lower jaw, and two vestigial eyes covered with skin, with a pair of protrusible tentacles between the eyes and the nostrils. The body is elongated and there are no limbs. The upper surface is dark grey and the under surface pale grey with darker markings on the annuli.[4]
Distribution and habitat
The Mexican burrowing caecilian is found in
Biology
The Mexican burrowing caecilian feeds on invertebrates, including earthworms, termites, crickets, slugs, and snails.[3] It emerges onto the ground surface on nights with light rainfall and catches small prey that come within its reach. Larger individuals may eat mice and small lizards. It moves by internal concertina-like movements and by undulating its body from side to side.[4]
This caecilian is viviparous. Fertilisation is internal and up to 16 developing larvae subsist on the yolks of their eggs for three months. Males start spermatogenesis at 1 years of age but may not reproduce until year two due to a greater abundance of spermatogenic lobules are much greater. Females can start reproducing after 1 year, but most reproduce in their second year. Then, they develop rasping teeth and feed on maternal glandular secretions, scraping the inside of the oviduct to stimulate their production.[4] When they emerge, after 11 months of gestation, they are 10 to 15 cm (3.9 to 5.9 in) long. They then shed their larval teeth and rapidly grow a set of adult ones.[4]
Status
The Mexican burrowing caecilian is listed as least concern in the
References
- ^ . Retrieved 16 November 2021.
- ^ "Dermophis mexicanus ". Amphibian Species of the World 6.1, an Online Reference. American Museum of Natural History.
- ^ a b Gosselin-Ildari, Ashley. "Dermophis mexicanus, Mexican Burrowing Caecilian". Digimorph. Stony Brook University. Retrieved 2012-08-26.
- ^ a b c d Chantasirivisal, Peera (2005-09-27). "Dermophis mexicanus". AmphibiaWeb. Retrieved 2012-08-26.
Further reading
- Duméril A-M-C, Bibron G (1841). Erpétologie Générale ou Histoire Naturelle Complète des Reptiles, Tome huitième [volume 8]. Paris: Roret. ii + 784 pp. (Siphonops mexicanus, new species, pp. 284–285) (in French).