East Sutherland Gaelic

East Sutherland Gaelic
East Sutherland Gaelic
Scottish People Gaels
Native speakers	extinct
Language family	Indo-European Proto-Indo-European Proto-Celtic Proto-Goidelic Primitive Irish ; ; ; ;
Language codes
ISO 639-1	gd
ISO 639-2	gla
ISO 639-3	gla
Glottolog	scot1245
	Embo Golspie Brora
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East Sutherland Gaelic (

Embo

.

History

The

Embo, including 105 in Embo, where they were more than a third of the population.^[6]

Dorian found that the Gaelic language was able to adapt to modern life even while becoming moribund, because speakers were able to borrow words from English and apply them to any discussion, even for highly technical topics.

case markings, and the two passive constructions, were lost gradually, rather than erased wholesale, as some theoreticians had predicted.^[10]

By the 1991 census, the number of speakers had declined to less than a twentieth of a century earlier.

terminal speaker until her death in 2020.^[1]^[11]

Study

The East Sutherland dialect became well known in the field of language death based on the research by Nancy Dorian, beginning in 1963. Dorian's 1981 book Language Death: The Life Cycle of a Scottish Gaelic Dialect, was described by Wolfgang U. Dressler as "the first major monograph" on language death.^[12]

References

Citation

^ ^a ^b ^c "Wilma Ros, Eurabol, air bàsachadh". BBC Naidheachdan. 28 November 2017. Retrieved 4 September 2018.
^ Harris 1982, p. 227.
^ ^a ^b Harris 1982, p. 228.
^ Dorian 1981, p. 91.
^ Duwe 2012, pp. 9–10.
^ ^a ^b Duwe 2012, pp. 20–21.
^ Romaine 1983, p. 276.
^ Romaine 1983, p. 273.
^ Wolfram 2011, pp. 904–905.
^ Romaine 1983, p. 274.
^ "ROSS". Northern Times. 2020. Retrieved 10 November 2023.
^ Dressler 1982, p. 432.

Bibliography

Dorian, Nancy C. (1981). Language Death: The Life Cycle of a Scottish Gaelic Dialect.
ISBN 9780812277852
.

JSTOR 414109
.

Duwe, Kurt C. (January 2012). "East Sutherland & Caithness" (PDF). Gàidhlig (Scottish Gaelic) Local Studies. 22. Archived from the original (PDF) on 31 January 2015. Retrieved 7 September 2018.
Harris, Tracy K. (1982). "Review of Language Death: The Life Cycle of a Scottish Gaelic Dialect". Studies in Second Language Acquisition. 4 (2): 227–230.
JSTOR 44487242
.

Romaine, Suzanne (1983). "Review of Language Death. The Life Cycle of a Scottish Gaelic Dialect". Journal of Linguistics. 19 (1): 272–277.
JSTOR 4175685
.

Wolfram, Walt (2011). "Review of Investigating variation: The effects of social organization and social setting". Language. 87 (4): 904–908.
S2CID 144929863
.

[Wilma_Ros-1] "Wilma Ros, Eurabol, air bàsachadh". BBC Naidheachdan. 28 November 2017. Retrieved 4 September 2018.

[FOOTNOTEHarris1982227-2] Harris 1982, p. 227.

[FOOTNOTEHarris1982228-3] Harris 1982, p. 228.

[FOOTNOTEDorian198191-4] Dorian 1981, p. 91.

[FOOTNOTEDuwe20129–10-5] Duwe 2012, pp. 9–10.

[FOOTNOTEDuwe201220–21-6] Duwe 2012, pp. 20–21.

[FOOTNOTERomaine1983276-7] Romaine 1983, p. 276.

[FOOTNOTERomaine1983273-8] Romaine 1983, p. 273.

[FOOTNOTEWolfram2011904–905-9] Wolfram 2011, pp. 904–905.

[FOOTNOTERomaine1983274-10] Romaine 1983, p. 274.

[11] "ROSS". Northern Times. 2020. Retrieved 10 November 2023.

[FOOTNOTEDressler1982432-12] Dressler 1982, p. 432.

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[10]

[1]

[11]

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