France–Holy See relations

This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "France–Holy See relations" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (September 2014) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)

France - Holy See relations

France	Holy See

Holy See–France relations are very ancient and have existed since the 5th century. They have been durable to the extent that France is sometimes called the eldest daughter of the Church (fille aînée de l'Église in French).

Areas of cooperation between Paris and the Holy See have traditionally included education, health care, the struggle against poverty and international diplomacy. Before the establishment of the welfare state, Church involvement was evident in many sectors of French society. Today, Paris's international peace initiatives are often in line with those of the Holy See, which favors dialogue on a global level.

Early Middle Ages

The

strongly enforced these laws for centuries, but they often took it to themselves to name bishops and control church activities.

Late Middle Ages

The

, in which the Catholic side ultimately prevailed in France.

16th-17th century

Gallicanism played a major role in the period following the Council of Trent. The kings of France had a near monopoly on the nomination of bishops and it was difficult to apply all the decisions of Trent because of this. Louis XIV was a major patron of the church and was generally opposed to granting privileges to Protestants.

18th century

Disputes between

of 1713 in order to resolve controversies over grace.

The bull

.

Pope

Pius VI notoriously opposed the Civil Constitution of the Clergy

, a turning point in the French Revolution which led to bloody infighting between revolutionaries and reactionaries.

19th century

The Concordat of 1801 was a reflection of an agreement between Napoleon Bonaparte and Pope Pius VII that reaffirmed the Roman Catholic Church as the majority church of France and restored some of its former civil status.

After Napoleon's defeat, the Papacy approved of the neo-royalist

Pius IX

publicly deplored them.

After Pius IX's death in 1878, relations became sour between secularists and Catholics who were mostly monarchists, but pope

Leo XIII

did his best to reconcile the two opposite factions in French society, in what historians have called the ralliement by recognising the republic.

20th century

The early 20th century was a very difficult time in France-Vatican relations because of tensions over

Pius X

, and which led to the freezing of relations.

However, relations were renewed after the

Vichy regime

, because the regime rewarded the Church even though bishops often opposed antisemitism.

Although

contraception

were legalised.

Relations with the

dechristianization of France; in one of his pilgrimages, he famously said, "France, what have you done of your baptism?"^[1]

21st century

Relations with the

gaullist

government had been relatively good, given the fact that the government announced an end to the ban on recognition of higher Christian institutions.

Relations with the François Hollande's socialist government with Vatican had been strained, due to the Socialist government legalized same-sex marriage in 2013. However, President François Hollande had a good relationship with Pope Francis.

Resident diplomatic missions

• France has an embassy to the Holy See in Rome.
• Holy See has an Apostolic nunciature in Paris.

• 
  Embassy of France to the Holy See in Rome
• 
  Apostolic nunciature of the Holy See in Paris

See also

• Apostolic Nunciature to France
• Briand-Ceretti Agreement
• Pious Establishments of France

References

1. ^ Durand, Jean-Dominique (University of Lyon) (August 2007). "Card. Jean-Marie Lustiger obituary - He was not afraid". Servizio Informazione Religiosa. Retrieved 25 August 2014.

You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in French. (January 2021) Click [show] for important translation instructions. View a machine-translated version of the French article. Machine translation, like DeepL or Google Translate, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Wikipedia. Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article. You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary accompanying your translation by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is Content in this edit is translated from the existing French Wikipedia article at [[:fr:Relations entre la France et le Vatican]]; see its history for attribution. You may also add the template {{Translated|fr|Relations entre la France et le Vatican}} to the talk page. For more guidance, see Wikipedia:Translation.