Freedom of religion by country
Freedom of religion |
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Religion portal |
The status of
There are further discrepancies between some countries' self-proclaimed stances of religious freedom in law and the actual practice of authority bodies within those countries: a country's establishment of religious equality in their
Over 120 national constitutions mention equality regardless of religion.[1]
Africa
Most countries in
Several countries establish Islam as a state religion,[14][15][16] and some countries with significant Muslim populations also have significant government oversight of Islamic practice in the country, up to and including the establishment of religious Islamic courts, which are most commonly used for family law.[15][17] These courts are usually present in addition to secular courts,[18][19] and typically have a subordinate role, although this is not always the case.[20]Several countries require that religious organizations register with the government,[21][22] and some ban the establishment of religious political parties.[23] Several countries provide funding for religious institutions and/or pilgrimages.[24]
Religiously motivated violence is present in some countries, particularly ones that have a high level of political instability or active insurgencies.[25][26]Asia
Most countries in
Societal levels of religious tolerance vary greatly across
Religious violence is present in several countries, with varying degrees of support or intervention from local governments. Groups including Muslims,[39] Christians,[43] Buddhists[41] and Hindus[44] face religiously motivated violence.Europe
Virtually every country in Europe legally establishes the freedom of religion for people living in the country, and most also have anti-discrimination laws that specifically highlight religious freedom. However, enforcement of these laws is not always consistent, and several countries routinely fail to implement these laws at a local level. A few countries in Europe continue to have state religions.[45][46] Most countries in the former
North America
Oceania
South America
See also
- Apostasy in Islam by country
- Freedom of religion
- Separation of church and state
- Toleration
- State religion
- Category:Freedom of religion by country
References
- ^ "Constitute". Retrieved 20 April 2016.
- ^ "US State Dept 2017 report on Togo".
- ^ International Religious Freedom Report for 2017 Côte d'Ivoire US Department of State Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor.]
- ^ "US State Dept 2017 report on Zimbabwe".
- ^ "Comoros". US State Department Report on Religious Freedom 2013. Retrieved 25 May 2016.
- ^ "Global Restrictions on Religion - Pew Forum on Religion & Public Life" (PDF). Pewforum.org. 17 December 2009. Archived from the original (PDF) on 6 February 2011. Retrieved 1 February 2011.
- ^ "2010 Human Rights Report: Swaziland". US Department of State. Retrieved January 25, 2013.
- ^ U.S. Department of State (2004-09-15). "Egypt: International Religious Freedom Report". Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor. Retrieved 2006-10-20.
- ^ Lawrence, Bruce B. (2013; p.297), 'Citizen Ahmad among the Believers: Salvation Contextualized in Indonesia and Egypt' in Khalil, M. H. (ed.) Between Heaven and Hell: Islam, Salvation, and the Fate of Others, pp.288-312. New York: Oxford University Press
- ^ "US State Dept 2017 report on Malawi".
- ^ Winston, Kimberly (4 January 2018). "Egyptian Parliament considers outlawing atheism". World-Wide Religions News (WWRN). Retrieved 26 March 2018.
- ^ United States Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights and Labor. Angola: International Religious Freedom Report 2007
- United States Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights and Labor. Cameroon: International Religious Freedom Report 2017.
- ^ "Comoros's Constitution of 2001 with Amendments through 2009" (PDF). Constitute Project. Retrieved 25 May 2016.
- ^ a b "Djibouti". US State Department Religious Freedom Report 2012. Retrieved 25 May 2016.
- ^ "US State Dept 2017 report on Tunisia".
- ^ "US State Dept 2017 report on Niger".
- ^ International Religious Freedom Report for 2017 Kenya US Department of State Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor.]
- ^ 2017 International Religious Freedom Report Senegal US Department of State, Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights and Labor. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- ^ Dr Andre Le Sage (1 June 2005). "Stateless Justice in Somalia" (PDF). Centre for Humanitarian Dialogue. Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 January 2012. Retrieved 2009-06-26.
- ^ "US State Dept 2022 report on Uganda".
- ^ Green, Emma (2013-10-30). "When Governments Go After Witches - Ryan Jacobs". The Atlantic. Retrieved 2014-04-19.
- ^ "Djibouti's Constitution of 1992 with Amendments through 2010" (PDF). Constitute Project. Retrieved 25 May 2016.
- US Department of State. 2022-06-02.
- ^ "US State Dept 2017 report on Somalia".
- ^ "Villages 'obliterated' as Christian persecution grows in eastern Congo". The Catholic Herald. 19 Aug 2016. Retrieved 16 October 2016.
- ^ "U.S. Department of State: 2012 Report on International Religious Freedom: Israel and The Occupied Territories (May 20, 2013)"
- ^ International Religious Freedom Report 2022 Bahrain, US Department of State, Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- ^ a b c U.S. Department of State: 2022 Report on International Religious Freedom: Jordan
- ^ U.S Department of State, International Religious Freedom Report 2010: China, 17 Nov 2010.
- ^ "Far From Justice". Human Rights Watch. 2009-02-24. Retrieved 4 May 2016.
- ^ US State Dept International Religious Freedom Report 2022: Armenia
- ^ United States Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights and Labor. Tajikistan: International Religious Freedom Report 2022
- ^ International Religious Freedom Report 2011 : China (Report). U.S. Department of State. July 30, 2012.
- ^ US State Dept International Religious Freedom Report 2022: Lebanon
- ISBN 978-0-521-77073-6.
- ^ See the 2008 Human Rights Report of the Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights and Labor (US State Department) of 25 February 2009; accessed on 21 September 2009
- ^ US State Department, 2022 report on Uzbekistan
- ^ a b Religious Freedom in India US State Dept 2022
- ^ International Religious Freedom Report 2022 Bhutan
- ^ a b International Religious Freedom Report 2022 Bangladesh, US Department of State, Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights and Labor. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- ^ Malaysia ethnic Indians in uphill fight on religion Reuters India - 8 November 2007
- ^ Parajuli, Kalpit (2012) ‘Hindu terrorists threaten more attacks against Christians and Muslims.’ Asian News, 14 August 2012. Retrieved 15 September 2017.
- ^ Inayat, Naila. "Pakistani Hindus lose daughters to forced Muslim marriages". USA TODAY. Retrieved 2021-06-12.
- ^ a b International Religious Freedom Report 2017 Liechtenstein, US Department of State, Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- ^ International Religious Freedom Report 2017 Malta, US Department of State, Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- ^ United States Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights and Labor. Belarus: International Religious Freedom Report 2007.
- ^ International Religious Freedom Report 2017 Lithuania, US Department of State, Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- ^ International Religious Freedom Report 2017 Macedonia, US Department of State, Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- ^ "International Religious Freedom Report 2017 Hungary", US Department of State, Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- ^ a b International Religious Freedom Report 2017 Montenegro, US Department of State, Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- ^ International Religious Freedom Report 2017 Belgium, US Department of State, Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- ^ "Polish Jews fight law on religious slaughter of animals". NYTimes. 4 September 2013. Retrieved 5 October 2013.
- ^ International Religious Freedom Report 2017 Slovenia, US Department of State, Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- ^ US State Dept 2022 International Religious Freedom report on Belarus
- S2CID 145107372.
- ^ International Religious Freedom Report 2017, US Department of State, Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- ^ US State Department, 2022 report on Jamaica
- ^ US State Department, 2022 report on Nicaragua
- ^ a b US State Dept, 2022 report on Bahamas
- ^ US State Department 2022, report on Antigua and Barbuda
- ^ US State Department, 2022 report on Costa Rica
- ^ US State Department, 2022 report on the Dominican Republic
- ^ US State Department, 2022 report on Guatemala
- ^ US State Department, 2022 report on Haiti
- ^ a b International Religious Freedom Report 2017 § Papua New GuineaUS Department of State, Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor.
- ^ Saada Angelica, Samoa: A Truly Religious Place? Views Towards Religion in Samoa, S.I.T. Samoa, 2008
- ^ International Religious Freedom Report 2017 § Tuvalu, US State Department, Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor.
- ^ International Religious Freedom Report 2017 § Samoa, US Department of State, Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor.
- ^ International Religious Freedom Report 2017 § Vanuatu US Department of State, Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor.
- ^ International Religious Freedom Report 2017 § Palau US Department of State, Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor.
- ^ International Religious Freedom Report 2017 § Nauru US Department of State, Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor.
- ^ a b International Religious Freedom Report 2017 § Fiji US Department of State, Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor.
- ^ Adelaide synagogue targeted with neo-Nazi posters linked to Antipodean Resistance
- ^ Carroll, Lucy (2022-08-31). "Knox Grammar students suspended after posting offensive messages in chat group". The Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved 2022-09-02.
- Stuff.co.nz. Retrieved 26 March 2019.
- ^ Poynting, Scott, and Victoria Mason. "The resistible rise of Islamophobia Anti-Muslim racism in the UK and Australia before 11 September 2001." Journal of Sociology 43, no. 1 (2007): 61-86.
- ^ a b US State Dept website, 2022 report on Suriname
- ^ US State Department, 2022 report on Uruguay
- ^ US State Department, 2022 report on Peru
- ^ "Global Anti-Semitism: Selected Incidents Around the World in 2012". Adl.org. Retrieved 2014-01-05.
- ^ US State Department, 2022 report on Brazil
- ^ US State Department, 2022 report on Chile
External links
- "International Religious Freedom Report 2011". U.S. Department of State. Retrieved 2012-11-27.